scholarly journals Semantic Representation of Destructive Experience in the System of Mental Self-Organization of Personality

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-137
Author(s):  
S. Diyakov
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Natural Property ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
The Subject

In the aspect of the problem of unconscious mental self-organization of a personality, the subject of the basic semantics of problematic individual experience is determined, which reflects the structure of subconscious destructive anxiety complexes. The analysis of the psychodynamic approach in psychotherapy and modeling of unconscious mental self-organization in the context of synergetics and personality subjectivity is presented. The semantic approach to modeling of consciousness and unconscious structures is considered. The pilot study identified six topics of the basic semantics of anxiety: “I'm afraid”; “It's a shame,” “I can't,” “I don't know,” “It's a shame.” “It's my fault.” The highlighted topics reflect the semantic complexes of anxiety as a natural property of the unconscious mental self-organization of a person. The study confirms the central role of sociocultural factors in the semantic representation and categorization of experience, integrating the system of mental self-organization of a person. The topics of aggression were not found in the semantics of problematic experience, which makes it possible to exclude unconscious aggression as a basal factor of semantics.

Social Constructionism and the Role of the Unconscious in Hypnotic Responding: A Single Case Experiment

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
David P. Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Social Constructionism ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Unconscious Mind

AbstractThere seems to be wide acceptance by both professionals and lay people that hypnotic and especially hypnotherapeutic responding is based on the long-standing but still hypothetical dichotomy between the conscious and unconscious minds. In this simplistic view, hypnotic suggestions are considered to bypass consciousness to reach the unconscious mind, there to have the intended effect. This article reports on a single-case experiment investigating the involvement of the unconscious in hypnotherapeutic responding. In this case the subject responded positively to suggestions that could not have reached the unconscious, indicating that the unconscious was not involved in such responding. An alternative view is proposed, namely that hypnotherapeutic responding involves a cognitive process in which a socially constructed new understanding of the problem behaviour and of hypnosis, based on the client's existing attribution of meaning, is followed by action considered appropriate to the new understanding and which then confirms this understanding, leading to behaviour change.

The Relationship of Environmental Temperature to the Incidence and Outcome of Schizophrenia

1992 ◽  
Vol 160 (6) ◽  
pp. 788-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunjai Gupta ◽  
Robin M. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Outcome Study ◽  
Daily Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper presents new analyses of data from two multicentre studies carried out by the WHO. The morbid risk of developing schizophrenia, as broadly defined by the Determinants of Outcome Study, was positively related to the mean daily range of temperature. The outcome of schizophrenia, as determined by the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia, was found to be positively related to mean environmental temperature. Further studies are needed to examine the relationship of geographical and climatic variables to schizophrenia in order to complement what is already known about the role of sociocultural factors.

Philosophical meanings as the ordering principles of human life in culture

Servis plus ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Владислав Шелекета ◽  
Vladislav Sheleketa ◽  
Василий Ивахнов ◽  
Vasiliy Ivakhnov
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Stable Solution ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Systemic Nature ◽  
Universal Nature

The article discusses issues related to the problem of justifying the value of philosophical creativity in modern culture. It proves the author’s position of special significance of philosophy for the development of personal culture, and worldview of the person and modern society. The article shows that philosophizing is inherently different from other forms of creativity in culture, and agues that philosophical oeuvre bases on the critical perception of the existing knowledge. Involving the theory of self-organization – synergetic – the authors have shown systemic nature of meaning, which plays the role of attractor (a stable solution in the space of cultural meanings). But the sense of simultaneously co-exists in close connection with ad-culture knowledge represented in archetypal forms, continually becoming, realized in connection with the activities of consciousness and clarifying the nature of meaning. The authors demonstrate their position with the notion of discourse. The phenomenon of discourse is considered in its ontological dimensions as a conceptual basis of human existence and position in the culture. On the theories of postmodernism and poststructuralism the authors determine the form of philosophizing, based on the paradoxical structures that have under-subject nature. In this sense, there is the way to overcome the subject-object dualism, because the detection of under-subject nature of the meaning displays this meaning beyond the boundaries of the semantic field of culture. In this case, Philosophizing is a special form of operating in meanings that have just the same universal nature that is inherent to the nature of the phenomenon of meaning. In the end, the authors conclude that the role of philosophy in culture consists of the ability, which exists in its own nature. Philosophical discourse demonstrates its universal and integrative nature in socio-cultural space, creating a unique specific form of positioning oneself in the world. The authors conclude that philosophizing as a form of art, similar to “the science of Socrates” – the art of the truth birth in the course of the dispute, allows all cultural forms to stay dynamic, being in constant dialogue with each other, thereby freezing in their own forms.

scholarly journals TO THE STUDY OF THE MECHANISM OF TRIGGERING THE PLACEBO EFFECT: PLACEBO AND AUTO-SUGGESTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
A.V. Khaikin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Effect ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Linear Structure ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Positive Expectation ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Research

The current state of research on the placebo effect is considered. The task is set to develop the idea of the role of positive expectation in the mechanism of placebo implementation. A number of assumptions concerning the nature of placebo and approaches to its study are put forward. Consideration of the effect in its linear structure can contribute to the study of the nature of the placebo. It is useful to understand this phenomenon as consisting of a stage of psychological triggering and a stage of psychosomatic and physiological implementation. In turn, it is useful to consider the first of them as consisting of a preliminary stage of forming a positive (or negative – with nocebo) expectation, confidence in a certain effect of a placebo agent, and the stage of actually triggering a placebo. When implementing the placebo effect, the active expectation of a certain internal process and its result activates the mechanism of auto-suggestion, within which the expected is realized. The placebo is triggered by the implementation of one of the types of autosuggestion process, which does not presuppose any purposeful actions of the subject, for example, orders addressed to the unconscious. A significant part of the studies of the placebo effect nature can be carried out within the framework of the study of the mechanisms and patterns of this way of autosuggestion, which is triggered by the confident active expectation of the subject in the onset of certain internal changes. It is clear that such studies can be carried out in contexts other than those of placebo and nocebo implementation, for example, neutral in relation to the physical and emotional state and make their conduct not burdened with ethical problems. Which, of course, can significantly contribute to the intensification of the study of the placebo nature. It is concluded that the proposed concept develops the thesis about the necessary role of positive expectation in the implementation of the placebo effect, explaining the role of expectation in the mechanism of its launch. Understanding the mechanism of the placebo effect as a mechanism for self-suggestion will significantly simplify the conditions for experimental studies of placebo patterns and creates a context for further research.

scholarly journals To the theory of collective actions. Part 4. Use of violence potential

2020 ◽  
pp. 86-95
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ivanovich Tsurikov ◽  
Elena Matveevna Skarzhinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Use Of Force ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Low Probability ◽  
High Level ◽  
Effective Use

The subject of this research is opportunities for effective use of human capital members of the collective in the conditions of self-governance and self-organization resources. It is assumed that members of the collective are capable to jointly create an additional cost by making individual efforts. Value of the expected gross income increases with the efforts put by each agent, and subordinated to the law of diminishing returns. The goal of each member of the collective consists in maximization of the own individual profit. Achievement of the socially optimal level of applied efforts requires coordination of actions based on the high level of trust between all members of the collective. Within the framework of mathematical model, it is demonstrated that the lack of trust to some extent can be compensated by the incentives based on the use of violence potential. Most successful implementation of such type of incentives is possible only in the relatively small collectives in the conditions of inevitability of punishment for violation, and cautions use of force. In large collectives, a low probability of punishment for violence turns out either in low significance of the expected punishment, or extremely high meaning of nominal punishment. In first instance, a threat of punishment can play a role of a constraining factor; while on the other instances – lead to a stiff punishment that may reduce the usefulness of a violator to an extremely low level. Therefore, the achieved by the collective result can be incomparable by Pareto even with Nash equilibrium.

scholarly journals The principles of planning educational process in the conditions of self-organization of students: synergetic approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Dmitry Vladimirovich Rakhinsky ◽  
Vladimir Viktorovich Lunev ◽  
Tatyana Anatolevna Luneva ◽  
Evgenii Stepanovich Shcheblyakov
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Continuous Interaction ◽  
System Memory ◽  
Rich Information ◽  
The Subject

  The object of this research is the process of self-organization of students of the higher school. The subject is the principles of planning the educational process in the higher school in the conditions of self-organization of students on the basis of synergetic approach. The goal consists in theoretical substantiation of the model of educational process in the higher school in accordance with pedagogical synergetics. Research methodology is the pedagogical synergetics. Synergetic approach allows integrating the experience accumulated in pedagogical science and creating the model of educational process in the conditions of information society and the self-organizing learning environment. The authors examine the two approaches towards self-organization of students: personal and collective. The principles of planning the educational process in the conditions of self-study of students and rich information environment based on synergetic approach are proposed. The conclusion is made that synergetics can serve as a methodological framework for studying the phenomena of self-organization in the learning process of students in the higher school. The two forms of self-organization are determined: coherent (from homogeneous elements) and continual (from heterogeneous elements). It is demonstrated that progressive self-organization in pedagogical systems can be only of continual type. The article offers the following principles of planning the educational process by the type of continual self-organization: the principle of diversity at the entry to system, the principle of continuous interaction and openness of the system, the principle of nonlinearity of development, and the principle of system memory. The novelty of this work consists in formulation of the principles of pedagogical synergetics on the methodological level for planning the educational process of the students of higher school. The authors' special contribution lies in substantiation of the role of diversity and memory in the context pf self-organization in open pedagogical systems.  

scholarly journals Creativity through the prism of the unconscious in S. Freud's concept of psychoanalysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Nikolaevna Tomyuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Global World ◽  
Modern Era

The modernizing global world with new sociocultural practices actualizes the study of creativity as a constitutive phenomenon of human personality in the context of the challenges of modern era. The object of this research is creativity as a cultural phenomenon. The subject is creativity in the S. Freud's concept of psychoanalysis. In the era of change and uncertainty, when the role of creativity is increasing, the ideas of S. Freud acquire special significance. The article considers the unconscious in the context of the social, in correlation with social factors and as a key position in creativity. The theoretical and methodological framework of the study includes cultural-historical and comparative methods. The systemic approach allowed viewing the phenomenon of creativity as a system in combibation of elements. The author also used the methods of analogy, analysis, comparison, and generalization. The discovered by Freud mechanism of sublimation is considered through the lens of creativity, as a way of redirecting energy displaced into the field of the unconscious by social factors, the sphere of creativity. The psychoanalytic concept serves as the methodological basis for explaining creativity as a complex process in combination of the conscious and unconscious.

scholarly journals Creativity through the prism of the unconscious in S. Freud's concept of psychoanalysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Nikolaevna Tomyuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Global World ◽  
Modern Era

The modernizing global world with new socio-cultural practices actualizes the study of creativity as a constitutive phenomenon of human personality in the context of challenges of the modern era. The object of this research is creativity as a cultural phenomenon, while the subject is creativity in the S. Freud's concept of psychoanalysis. In the era of transformations and uncertainty, when the role of creativity is growing, the ideas of S. Freud acquire special significance. The article considers the unconscious in the context of social, in conjunction with social factors and as the key position in creativity. The theoretical and methodological framework us comprised of the cultural-historical and comparative methods. Systemic approach allowed considering the phenomenon of creativity as a system in the assembly of elements. The author also applies the methods of analogy, analysis, comparison, generalization. Sublimation mechanism, discovered by Freud, is viewed in the context of creativity, as a method for redirection of energy displaced into the field of the unconscious by social factors, into the sphere of creativity. The concept of psychoanalysis serves as the methodological basis for explaination of creativity as a complex process of cumulation of conscious and unconscious.

scholarly journals Driven into Suicide by the East German Regime? Reflections on the Persistence of a Misleading Perception

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (02) ◽  
pp. 310-332
Author(s):  
Udo Grashoff
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
East German ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Role Of Religion

AbstractThe assumption that the communist dictatorship in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) drove many people to suicide has persisted for decades, and it is still evident in academic and public discourse. Yet, high suicide rates in eastern Germany, which can be traced back to the nineteenth century, cannot be a result of a particular political system. Be it monarchy, democracy, fascism, or socialism, the frequency of suicide there did not change significantly. In fact, the share of politically motivated suicides in the GDR amounts to only 1–2 percent of the total. Political, economic, or sociocultural factors did not have a significant impact on suicide rates. An analysis of two subsets of GDR society that were more likely to be affected by repression—prisoners and army recruits—further corroborates this: there is no evidence of a higher suicide rate in either case. Complimentary to a quantitative approach “from above,” a qualitative analysis “from below” not only underlines the limited importance of repression, but also points to a regional pattern of behavior linked to cultural influences and to the role of religion—specifically, to Protestantism. Several factors nevertheless fostered the persistence of an overly politicized interpretation of suicide in the GDR: the bereaved in the East, the media in the West, and a few victims of suicide themselves blamed the regime and downplayed important individual and pathological aspects. Moreover, state and party officials in the GDR unintentionally reinforced the politicization of suicide by imposing a taboo on the subject, which only fueled the flames of speculation about its root causes.

scholarly journals SUBJECT IN MODERN PSYCHOLOGY: SYNERGETIC METHODOLOGY OF THE ANALYSIS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Plyushch
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Social Spaces ◽  
Holistic Model ◽  
Text Type ◽  
Modern Psychology ◽  
The Subject

In the article synergetic consideration of the subject’s nature, based on the principles of self-organization of highly organized systems is proposed. On the basis of analysis of scientific literature three types of scientific cognition are distinguished, which differ from each other by approaches to the understanding of integrity of researched object, to the role of environment, in which object functions and to the possible positions of researcher toward the object of research. These types of cognition correspond to three types of organization of integrity: a mechanism, a system, and a text. Type of scientific rationality, used by researcher, determines the complexity of constructed theoretical model of the subject. Functioning of vital activities of the subject is possible in three dimensions: holistic physical world, systematic aggregate of social spaces and text of vital activities, which is (re)constructed by subject during his life. These dimensions correspond to the next models of inner organization of subject: holistic subject, management system for his vital activities, self-organization of the text of discourse, which determines the life goals of subject. Synergetic consideration of the nature of subject leads to integrative analysis of subject as an autonomous integrity, a part of social spaces and a tool of self-organization of vital activities’ text. Likeness of structure of inner subject’s organization let to researcher on the basis of studying of separate fragments of vital activities of the subject to reconstruct the holistic model of subject.

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