Vacuum membrane distillation: Experiments and modeling

AIChE Journal ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Bandini ◽  
Aldo Saavedra ◽  
Giulio Cesare Sarti
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Vacuum Membrane Distillation

Enhancing wetting resistance of poly(vinylidene fluoride) membranes for vacuum membrane distillation

Desalination ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 415 ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongxing Zhang ◽  
Xiaozu Wang ◽  
Zhaoliang Cui ◽  
Enrico Drioli ◽  
Zhaohui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Vacuum Membrane Distillation

Concentration of must through vacuum membrane distillation

Desalination ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 149 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Bandini ◽  
Giulio C. Sarti
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Vacuum Membrane Distillation

scholarly journals Entropy Generation of Desalination Powered by Variable Temperature Waste Heat

Entropy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 7530-7566 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Warsinger ◽  
Karan Mistry ◽  
Kishor Nayar ◽  
Hyung Chung ◽  
John Lienhard
Keyword(s):  
Entropy Generation ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
System Size ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Thermal Desalination ◽  
Vacuum Membrane Distillation ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycles ◽  
Multiple Effect Distillation

Powering desalination by waste heat is often proposed to mitigate energy consumption and environmental impact; however, thorough technology comparisons are lacking in the literature. This work numerically models the efficiency of six representative desalination technologies powered by waste heat at 50, 70, 90, and 120 °C, where applicable. Entropy generation and Second Law efficiency analysis are applied for the systems and their components. The technologies considered are thermal desalination by multistage flash (MSF), multiple effect distillation (MED), multistage vacuum membrane distillation (MSVMD), humidification-dehumidification (HDH), and organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) paired with mechanical technologies of reverse osmosis (RO) and mechanical vapor compression (MVC). The most efficient technology was RO, followed by MED. Performances among MSF, MSVMD, and MVC were similar but the relative performance varied with waste heat temperature or system size. Entropy generation in thermal technologies increases at lower waste heat temperatures largely in the feed or brine portions of the various heat exchangers used. This occurs largely because lower temperatures reduce recovery, increasing the relative flow rates of feed and brine. However, HDH (without extractions) had the reverse trend, only being competitive at lower temperatures. For the mechanical technologies, the energy efficiency only varies with temperature because of the significant losses from the ORC.

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