Hydrocarbon generation potential and thermal maturity of Middle Jurassic Sargelu Formation in Miran Field, Sulaimani Area, Kurdistan Region, NE Iraq

2016 ◽  
Vol GeoKurdistan II (Special issue) ◽  
pp. 213-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sardar S. Fatah ◽  
◽  
Ibrahim M.J. Mohialdeen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Thermal Maturity ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation Potential

scholarly journals Hydrocarbon source rock assessment of the shale and coal bearing horizons of the Early Paleocene Hangu Formation in Kala-Chitta Range, Northwest Pakistan

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasar Khan ◽  
Wasif Ullah ◽  
Syed M. Siyar ◽  
Bilal Wadood ◽  
Tariq Ayyub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Source Rock ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Minor Amount ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Thermal Maturity ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation Potential ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
Early Paleocene ◽  
Geochemical Analyses

AbstractThe present study aims to investigate the origin, type, thermal maturity and hydrocarbon generation potential of organic matter and paleo-depositional environment of the Early Paleocene (Danian) Hangu Formation outcropped in the Kala-Chitta Range of Northwest Pakistan, Eastern Tethys. Organic-rich shale and coal intervals were utilized for geochemical analyses including TOC (total organic carbon) and Rock–Eval pyrolysis coupled with carbon (δ13Corg) and nitrogen (δ15Norg) stable isotopes. The organic geochemical results showed that the kerogen Type II (oil/gas prone) and Type III (gas prone) dominate the investigated rock units. The TOC (wt%) and S2 yield indicate that the rock unit quantifies sufficient organic matter (OM) to act as potential source rock. However, the thermal maturity Tmax°C marks the over maturation of the OM, which may be possibly linked with the effect attained from nearby tectonically active Himalayan Foreland Fold-and-Thrust Belt system and associated metamorphosed sequences. The organic geochemical analyses deciphered indigenous nature of the OM and resultant hydrocarbons. The δ13Corg and δ15Norg stable isotopic signatures illustrated enrichment of the OM from both marine and terrestrial sources accumulated into the Hangu Formation. The Paleo-depositional model established using organic geochemical and stable isotopic data for the formation supports its deposition in a shallow marine proximal inner shelf environment with prevalence of sub-oxic to anoxic conditions, a scenario that could enhance the OM preservation. Overall, the formation holds promising coal and shale intervals in terms of organic richness, but due to relatively over thermal maturation, it cannot act as an effective source rock for liquid hydrocarbon generation and only minor amount of dry gas can be expected. In implication, the results of this study suggest least prospects of liquid hydrocarbon generation potential within Hangu Formation at studied sections.

scholarly journals Burial and Thermal History Modeling of the Paleozoic–Mesozoic Basement in the Northern Margin of the Western Outer Carpathians (Case Study from Pilzno-40 Well, Southern Poland)

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 733
Author(s):  
Dariusz Botor
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Thermal History ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Thermal Maturity ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
Outer Carpathians

Hydrocarbon exploration under thrust belts is a challenging frontier globally. In this work, 1-D thermal maturity modeling of the Paleozoic–Mesozoic basement in the northern margin of the Western Outer Carpathians was carried out to better explain the thermal history of source rocks that influenced hydrocarbon generation. The combination of Variscan burial and post-Variscan heating due to elevated heat flow may have caused significant heating in the Paleozoic basement in the pre-Middle Jurassic period. However, the most likely combined effect of Permian-Triassic burial and Late Triassic–Early Jurassic increase of heat flow caused the reaching of maximum paleotemperature. The main phase of hydrocarbon generation in Paleozoic source rocks developed in pre-Middle Jurassic times. Therefore, generated hydrocarbons from Ordovician and Silurian source rocks were lost before reservoirs and traps were formed in the Late Mesozoic. The Miocene thermal overprint due to the Carpathian overthrust probably did not significantly change the thermal maturity of organic matter in the Paleozoic–Mesozoic strata. Thus, it can be concluded that petroleum accumulations in the Late Jurassic and Cenomanian reservoirs of the foreland were charged later, mainly by source rocks occurring within the thrustbelt, i.e., Oligocene Menilite Shales. Finally, this work shows that comprehensive mineralogical and geochemical studies are an indispensable prerequisite of any petroleum system modelling because their results could influence petroleum exploration of new oil and gas fields.

scholarly journals Thrusts control the thermal maturity of accreted sediments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Utsav Mannu ◽  
David Fernández-Blanco ◽  
Ayumu Miyakawa ◽  
Taras Gerya ◽  
Masataka Kinoshita
Keyword(s):  
Thermal History ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Sedimentation Rates ◽  
Thermal Maturity ◽  
First Order ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation Potential ◽  
High Maturity ◽  
Predictive Indicator

Thermal maturity assessments of hydrocarbon-generation potential and thermal history rarely consider how structures developing during subduction influence the trajectories of accreted sediments. Our thermomechanical models of subduction support that thrusts evolving under variable sedimentation rates and décollement strengths fundamentally influence the trajectory, temperature, and thermal maturity of accreting sediments. This is particularly true for the frontal thrust, which pervasively partitions sediments along a low and a high maturity path. Notably, our findings imply that interpretations of the distribution of thermal maturity cannot be detached from accounts of the length and frequency of thrusts and their controlling factors. Taking these factors into consideration, our approach reduces former inconsistencies between predicted and factual thermal maturity distributions in accretionary wedges and provides a first-order predictive indicator for thermal maturity distribution based on known fault architectures.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Hydrocarbon Generation in Different Tectonic Zones: A Case Study from the Upper Jurassic Naokelekan Formation at the Imbricated and High Folded Zones, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
Ayad Faqi
Keyword(s):  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Type I ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Thermal Maturity ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Tectonic Zones ◽  
Rock Eval ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tectonic Activities

The impact of tectonic activities from different tectonic zones on hydrocarbon generation in the Upper Jurassic Naokelekan Formation was addressed in this study. The Upper Jurassic Naokelekan Formation is an important potential of source rocks for hydrocarbon generation that charges most of the Cretaceous and younger reservoirs in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq. A total of 5 rock specimens from the Warte outcrop and 7 cutting samples from Well Bina Bawi-1 were collected for Rock-Eval pyrolysis to investigate the relationship between the ability of the formation to generate hydrocarbons and tectonic activities. The results of Rock-Eval analysis on the analyzed samples showed an average of 2.65 wt% and 0.9 wt% total organic carbon (TOC) for Warte and Well Bina Bawi-1, respectively. Based on the TOC data, the Naokelekan Formation, in general, has a good to very good source rock potential. The qualitative properties of the organic matter (OM) of the formation were inferred from the kerogen types. The Warte section mostly contains type III kerogen that is gas prone, whereas the Well Bina Bawi-1 section contains mixed type I-II kerogen that is oil prone. It should be taken into consideration that the values for the hydrogen index (HI) of the Warte section are unreliable for interpretation of the organic type, because the HI is considerably reduced owing to the high level of thermal maturity. The Tmax values showed that the Warte section is thermally more mature than the Well Bina Bawi-1 section. The difference in the thermal maturity can likely be attributed to the differential effects of the tectonic activities on the studied areas. Depending on the proximity or distance of the area in relation to the subduction zone, the sediments in the Imbricated Zone were more affected by the tectonic activities than the sediments in the High Folded Zone. Accordingly, the main factors that might have caused a higher thermal maturity in the Imbricated Zone include a high paleo heat flow, overthrusting, and hydrothermal activities.

scholarly journals Use of petrological and organic geochemical data in determining hydrocarbon generation potential of coals: miocene coals of Malatya Basin (Eastern Anatolia-Turkey)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazan Yalcin Erik ◽  
Faruk Ay
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Vitrinite Reflectance ◽  
Hydrogen Index ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Thermal Maturity ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation Potential ◽  
Northern District

AbstractWith this study, the hydrocarbon generation potential of Miocene aged coals around Arguvan-Parçikan in the northern district of Malatya province was evaluated with the aid of petrological and organic geochemical data. According to organic petrography, coal quality data, and low thermal maturity, the Arguvan-Parçikan coals are of high-ash, high-sulfur subbituminous B/C rank. The organic fraction of the coals is mostly comprised of humic group macerals, with small percentages derived from the inertinite and liptinite groups. The mineral matter of the coals is comprised mainly of calcite and clay minerals. The total organic carbon (TOC, wt%) values of the shale and coal samples are between 2.61 wt% and 43.02 wt%, and the hydrogen index values are between 73 and 229 mg HC/g TOC. Pyrolysis (Tmax, PI), huminite/vitrinite reflectance (Ro, %), and biomarker ratios (CPI, Pr/Ph ratio, Ts/(Ts + Tm) ratio, C32 homohopane ratio (22S/22S + 22R) and C29ββ/(ββ + αα sterane ratio) indicate that the organic matter of the studied coals is thermally immature. When all these data are taken together, Miocene aged coals around Arguvan are suitable for hydrocarbon generation, especially gas, in terms of organic matter type (Type III and Type II/III mixed), organic matter amount (> 10 wt% TOC), however, low liptinitic macerals (< 15%–20%), low hydrogen index (< 200 mg HC/g TOC) and low thermal maturity values inhibit the hyrocarbon generation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document