A propósito de un caso: Sintomatología psicótica en paciente con Trastorno por uso de sustancias

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Piña Baena ◽  
◽  
Antonio Manuel Ramírez Ojeda ◽  
Celia Muñoz Cauqui ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
American Psychiatric Association ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Uso De Sustancias

Descripción del caso Varón de 46 años con orientación diagnóstica de Trastorno Depresivo Moderado y Trastorno Mixto de la personalidad, junto con consumo de diversos tóxicos. (1) De manera insidiosa, superpuesto al cuadro afectivo, comienza con sintomatología sensoperceptiva en forma de alucinaciones auditivas, con gran repercusión afectiva y conductual (2). Exploración Colaborador y orientado. Discurso coherente y fluido. Ánimo bajo y clínica ansiosa. Irritabilidad y suspicacia, marcada tendencia al aislamiento, con abandono de autocuidados. Fenómenos sensoperceptivos ‘algunas veces escucho a mi madre...falleció hace años’. Hiporexia reactiva e insomnio de conciliación. Evolución De novo, aparecen síntomas de la esfera psicótica, con gran repercusión conductual (aislamiento y abandono de autocuidados), impresionando de reactivos al consumo de tóxicos. Ante esta situación se indica tratamiento antipsicótico, añadiendo aripiprazol oral, y posteriomente de liberación prolongada mensual. Existe una mejoría clínica evidente, con una ganancia en la funcionalidad diaria objetivable. Juicio clínico Trastorno Depresivo Moderado (F32.1) y Trastorno Mixto de la personalidad (F61). Discusión Se ha evidenciado la comorbilidad entre el trastorno por uso de sustancias y situaciones tales como síntomas de corte psicótico, suponiendo, en determinadas ocasiones, situación de gran angustia y repercusión para dichos sujetos (3). En esta línea, es importante poder garantizar la abstinencia a tóxicos, además de plantear un tratamiento farmacológico y psicoterapéutico que pueda mejorar dicha sintomatología. En el caso presentado, existe una mejoría clínico y funcional del mismo evidente y llamativa. Bibliografía (1) American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4. Washington, DC: Author; 2000. text rev (2) Falkai P. Delusional disorders due to medical conditions or substance abuse. WPA Journal volume 2 supplement 1. 2003 (3) Bowden-Jones O, Iqbal MZ, Tyrer P, Seivewright N, Cooper S, Judd A, Weaver T. Prevalence of personality disorder in alcohol and drug services and associated comorbidity. Addiction 99[10], 1306-1314. 2004

ICD-11 and DSM-5 personality trait domains capture categorical personality disorders: Finding a common ground

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Bach ◽  
Martin Sellbom ◽  
Mathias Skjernov ◽  
Erik Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Domain Models

Objective: The five personality disorder trait domains in the proposed International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition are comparable in terms of Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Antagonism/Dissociality and Disinhibition. However, the International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition model includes a separate domain of Anankastia, whereas the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition model includes an additional domain of Psychoticism. This study examined associations of International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition trait domains, simultaneously, with categorical personality disorders. Method: Psychiatric outpatients ( N = 226) were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders Interview and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5. International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition trait domain scores were obtained using pertinent scoring algorithms for the Personality Inventory for DSM-5. Associations between categorical personality disorders and trait domains were examined using correlation and multiple regression analyses. Results: Both the International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition domain models showed relevant continuity with categorical personality disorders and captured a substantial amount of their information. As expected, the International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition model was superior in capturing obsessive–compulsive personality disorder, whereas the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition model was superior in capturing schizotypal personality disorder. Conclusion: These preliminary findings suggest that little information is ‘lost’ in a transition to trait domain models and potentially adds to narrowing the gap between Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition and the proposed International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition model. Accordingly, the International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition domain models may be used to delineate one another as well as features of familiar categorical personality disorder types. A preliminary category-to-domain ‘cross walk’ is provided in the article.

Latent structure of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition personality disorder criteria

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Nestadt ◽  
Fang-Chi Hsu ◽  
Jack Samuels ◽  
O. Joseph Bienvenu ◽  
Irving Reti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Latent Structure ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

Comorbidity of dsm-iii-r personality disorders in schizophrenic and unipolar mood disorders: a comparative study

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 316-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Oulis ◽  
L Lykouras ◽  
J Hatzimanolis ◽  
V Tomaras
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Patient Groups

SummaryWe investigated the overall prevalence and the differential comorbidity of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)-III-R personality disorders in 166 remitted or recovered patients with schizophrenic (n = 102) or unipolar mood disorder (n = 64). Over 60% of both patient groups met the DSM-III-R criteria of at least one DSM-III-R personality disorder as assessed by means of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-II-R), receiving on average 3.1 personality diagnoses. Neither DSM-III-R categories of personality disorders, nor scores on its three clusters A, B and C, nor total score on SCID-II-R differed significantly across the two groups. In conclusion, DSM-III-R personality disorders, although highly prevalent in schizophrenic and unipolar mood disorders, lack any specificity with respect to these categories of mental disorders.

The Disordered Monologue: A Classroom Demonstration of the Symptoms of Schizophrenia

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Osberg
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
American Psychiatric Association ◽  
Abnormal Psychology ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

This article describes a demonstration that simulates a verbal encounter with a person experiencing symptoms of schizophrenia. Unannounced, the instructor launches into a monologue that illustrates the disordered thought and speech of a person with schizophrenia. The monologue contains examples of the most common schizophrenic disturbances in the content and form of thought described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed., rev. [DSM-III-R]; American Psychiatric Association, 1987). Students in introductory and abnormal psychology classes find the demonstration engaging and useful.

The critical reception of the DSM-5: Towards a typology of audiences

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 932-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Roy ◽  
Marie-Pier Rivest ◽  
Dahlia Namian ◽  
Nicolas Moreau
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
American Psychiatric Association ◽  
Critical Reception ◽  
Reception Theory ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Academic Publications

Since its initial publication, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has been the object of criticism which has led to regular revisions by the American Psychiatric Association. This article analyses the debates that surrounded the publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Building on the concepts of public arenas and reception theory, it explores the meaning encoded in the manual by audiences. Our results, which draw from a thematic analysis of traditional and digital media sources, identify eight audiences that react to the American Psychiatric Association’s narrative of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.): conformist, reformist, humanist, culturalist, naturalist, conflictual, constructivist and utilitarian. While some of their claims present argumentative polarities, others overlap, thus challenging the idea, often presented in academic publications, of a fixed debate. In order to further discuss on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, we draw attention to claims that ‘travel’ across different communities of audiences.

Pattern of Comorbidity Among Anxious and Odd Personality Disorders: The Case of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Rossi ◽  
Maria Grazia Marinangeli ◽  
Giancarlo Butti ◽  
Artemis Kalyvoka ◽  
Concetta Petruzzi
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Cluster A ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the pattern of comorbidity among obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) and other personality disorders (PDs) in a sample of 400 psychiatric inpatients. PDs were assessed using the Semistructured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders (SCID-II). Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to determine significant comorbidity among OCPD and other axis II disorders. The most elevated odds ratios were found for the cooccurrence of OCPD with cluster A PDs (the “odd” PDs, or paranoid and schizoid PDs). These results are consistent with those of previous studies showing a higher cooccurrence of OCPD with cluster A than with cluster C (“anxious”) PDs. In light of these observations, issues associated with the nosologic status of OCPD within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders clustering system remain unsettled.

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