scholarly journals Modeling the dynamics of the predator-prey community, taking into account the age structure of the interacting species

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.L. Zhdanova ◽  
G.P. Neverova ◽  
E.Ya. Frisman
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Interacting Species

scholarly journals MODELING THE DYNAMICS OF THE PREDATOR- PREY COMMUNITY WITH THE PREY AGE STRUCTURE AND THE WITHDRAWAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 209-212
Author(s):  
O.L. Revutskaya
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Discrete Time ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Predator Population ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Discrete Time Model ◽  
Interacting Species

The paper studies the dynamic modes of the predator-prey community discrete-time model taking into account the prey age structure and the withdrawal. The investigated system is a modification of the Nicholson-Bailey model. The author has considered the cases of withdrawal from the prey younger or older age class, or from the prey population of two- age classes, or from the predator population. It is studied conditions of stable coexistence of interacting species and scenarios of the population size oscillatory modes occurrence.

Biological models of two acarine predators of the grain mite, Acarus siro L.

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 1312-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Population Model ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Biological Models ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Interacting Species ◽  
Acarus Siro ◽  
Predator Attack ◽  
Cheyletus Eruditus ◽  
Blattisocius Dentriticus

A biological model of predation was developed using granular food held in closely packed screen trays to propagate the grain mite, Acarus Siro L., and two of its predators, Blattisocius dentriticus (Berl.) and Cheyletus eruditus (Schrank). Both predators limited prey abundance. Cannibalism among predators, particularly C. eruditus, was an important factor in ensuring the survival of the prey and predator populations. Cheyletus eruditus eliminated B. dentriticus when the two species were propagated in the same experimental universe. Cyclicity and dispersion of the interacting species appeared to result more from the initial age structure and from dispersion of the prey than from predator attack. A population model was used to assess the relative importance of the population components of A. siro and C. eruditus in the simplified predator–prey interactions.

scholarly journals Evolution in interacting species alters predator life-history traits, behaviour and morphology in experimental microbial communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1928) ◽  
pp. 20200652
Author(s):  
Johannes Cairns ◽  
Felix Moerman ◽  
Emanuel A. Fronhofer ◽  
Florian Altermatt ◽  
Teppo Hiltunen
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Prey Type ◽  
Automated Image Analysis ◽  
Foraging Efficiency ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Evolving Systems ◽  
Interacting Species ◽  
Evolutionary Response

Predator–prey interactions heavily influence the dynamics of many ecosystems. An increasing body of evidence suggests that rapid evolution and coevolution can alter these interactions, with important ecological implications, by acting on traits determining fitness, including reproduction, anti-predatory defence and foraging efficiency. However, most studies to date have focused only on evolution in the prey species, and the predator traits in (co)evolving systems remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated changes in predator traits after approximately 600 generations in a predator–prey (ciliate–bacteria) evolutionary experiment. Predators independently evolved on seven different prey species, allowing generalization of the predator's evolutionary response. We used highly resolved automated image analysis to quantify changes in predator life history, morphology and behaviour. Consistent with previous studies, we found that prey evolution impaired growth of the predator, although the effect depended on the prey species. By contrast, predator evolution did not cause a clear increase in predator growth when feeding on ancestral prey. However, predator evolution affected morphology and behaviour, increasing size, speed and directionality of movement, which have all been linked to higher prey search efficiency. These results show that in (co)evolving systems, predator adaptation can occur in traits relevant to foraging efficiency without translating into an increased ability of the predator to grow on the ancestral prey type.

Age structure effects in predator-prey interactions

1976 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Beddington ◽  
C.A. Free
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Predator Prey

Bifurcation of steady-state solutions in predator-prey and competition systems

1984 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 21-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Blat ◽  
K. J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Bifurcation Theory ◽  
Existence Of Solutions ◽  
Global Bifurcation ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Reaction Diffusion Equations ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Interacting Species ◽  
Global Bifurcation Theory ◽  
Steady State Solutions

SynopsisWe discuss steady-state solutions of systems of semilinear reaction-diffusion equations which model situations in which two interacting species u and v inhabit the same bounded region. It is easy to find solutions to the systems such that either u or v is identically zero; such solutions correspond to the case where one of the species is extinct. By using decoupling and global bifurcation theory techniques, we prove the existence of solutions which are positive in both u and v corresponding to the case where the populations can co-exist.

Distribution patterns of vertebrate and invertebrate planktivores in Newfoundland lakes with evidence of predator–prey and competitive interactions

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1559-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine E. Campbell ◽  
Roy Knoechel
Keyword(s):  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Spatial Separation ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Competitive Interactions ◽  
Cyclopoid Copepod ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Interacting Species ◽  
Leptodora Kindtii ◽  
Faunal Diversity ◽  
Avalon Peninsula

The vertebrate Gasterosteus aculeatus, the threespine stickleback, and the invertebrates Chaoborus punctipennis, Chaoborus trivittatus, and Leptodora kindtii are the major predators of zooplankton in lakes on the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland. Predator–prey and competitive interactions among these planktivores are potentially strong. Low faunal diversity in the lakes limits the number of interacting species, which may increase the intensity of the interactions, while the low habitat heterogeneity of the lakes decreases the probability of spatial separation of species to increase rates of species encounters. Analyses of distributional patterns (presence or absence data) of the planktivores in 15 Avalon lakes indicated that the distributions of both Chaoborus spp. were significantly and negatively related to the distribution of sticklebacks. Chaoborus densities were significantly higher in the lakes without sticklebacks. Sticklebacks were observed to eat third and fourth instars of both Chaoborus species in laboratory experiments and hence, through predation, may be able to exclude these species from some lakes. There was no significant relationship between the distributions of Leptodora and sticklebacks or between Leptodora and C. punctipennis, however the distributions of Leptodora and C. trivittatus were significantly and negatively related, indicating a possible competitive interaction. Environmental factors also influence planktivore distribution and abundance: a principal components factor derived from planktivore density data was significantly correlated with cyclopoid copepod biomass, lake SO4 levels, and lake surface area (multiple linear regression, r2 = 0.71).

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