scholarly journals Lifelong approach to prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases – a road from theory to practice in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Senka Mesihovic-Dinarevic ◽  
Aida Ramić-Čatak ◽  
Zaim Jatic
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Cvd Prevention ◽  
And Control

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the major cause of disability and premature death all over the world. Annually, 17.5 million people die from CVDs, representing 30% of the total number of deaths. Despite established guidelines for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome, cardiac weakness, atrial fibrillation and CVD prevention, many patients remain inadequately treated, particularly in less developed nations. A brief overview of the development of CVDs, description of the current practice guidelines, and a cross sectional analyses of the status of CVD prevention and control in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is given. In the past 7 years, there has been a steady increase in deaths, where half of all deaths in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina are attributed to CVDs. Deaths from the acute myocardial infarction had a rate of 91.0/100,000 inhabitants, a significant increase compared to 2010, when this rate was 69.2. The second leading cause of death, a stroke, with a rate of 87.1 showed a slight decrease compared to 2010, when it was 89.9. The third leading cause of death, heart failure, with a rate of 68.4, has a slight decrease compared to 2010, when the rate was 75.7. CVDs are the leading cause of mortality in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which, in addition to the large number of premature deaths, also causes major costs for the health sector and economy.

scholarly journals Gender differences and determinants of prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among adults in China and Sweden

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailiana Santosa ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Lars Weinehall ◽  
Genming Zhao ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese Men ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Failure to promote early detection and better management of hypertension will contribute to the increasing burden of cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to assess the gender differences in the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, together with its associated factors, in China and Sweden. Methods We used data from two cross-sectional studies: the Västerbotten Intervention Program in northern Sweden (n = 25,511) and the Shanghai survey in eastern China (n = 25,356). We employed multivariable logistic regression to examine the socio-demographics, lifestyle behaviours, and biological factors associated with the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension. Results Men had a higher prevalence of hypertension (43% in Sweden, 39% in China) than their female counterparts (29 and 36%, respectively). In Sweden, men were less aware of, less treated for, and had less control over their hypertension than women. Chinese men were more aware of, had similar levels of treatment for, and had less control over their hypertension compared to women. Awareness and control of hypertension was lower in China compared to Sweden. Only 33 and 38% of hypertensive Chinese men and women who were treated reached the treatment goals, compared with a respective 48 and 59% in Sweden. Old age, impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes, a family history of hypertension or cardiovascular diseases, low physical activity and overweight or obesity were found to increase the odds of hypertension and its diagnosis. Conclusions This study shows the age and gender differences in the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among adults in China and Sweden. Multisectoral intervention should be developed to address the increasing burden of sedentary lifestyle, overweight and obesity and diabetes, all of which are linked to the prevention and control of hypertension. Development and implementation of the gender- and context-specific intervention for the prevention and control of hypertension facilitates understanding with regard to the implementation barriers and facilitators.

scholarly journals A study on implementation of national programme for prevention and control of cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and stroke in Udupi district, Karnataka

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kantinath Ainapure ◽  
Kumar Sumit ◽  
Sanjay M. Pattanshetty
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Programme ◽  
And Control

Background: In India National programme for prevention and control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) programme was launched in 2011 to reduce the burden of Non-Communicable diseases (NCDs). Udupi district was one of the first few districts of Karnataka where NPCDCS programme was started in the year 2010.Methods: A qualitative cross-sectional study was conducted among the stakeholders involved in the NPCDCS programme of Udupi District, Karnataka from January 2017- June 2017. Purposive sampling method was used for the sample selection. A total of 36 in-depth interviews were carried out among the stakeholders of NPCDCS programme.Results: The programme has achieved initial success and its successful implementation has to be observed in the coming years. Health staff posts which are critical in implementation of NPCDCS are vacant in many of the healthcare centres. Awareness about this programme was relatively low in the community.Conclusions: It is necessary to conduct regular awareness and screening campaigns with proper follow-up services to make the community sensitized about the programme. Regular supply of medicines should be ensured for the effective implementation of the programme in the future so that it can achieve its goal in reducing the burden NCDs.

Investigation on emotion and behavior of children aged 1-11 during the pandemic of COVID-19: A Cross-sectional study in Guizhou, China (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yushi Mo ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Dewei Xiao ◽  
Shuqing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND In face of the sudden epidemic of COVID-19, strict prevention and control measures had been urgently carried out all over China. Because of the long-term home quarantine, all kinds of people were affected by it. OBJECTIVE In order to understand the mental health of children during the pandemic of COVID-19, this study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of emotional and behavioral problems of children aged 1-11 in Guizhou. METHODS Based on the online survey platform, the survey link was pushed through Wechat in April 2020. Electronic questionnaires were used to investigate children's demographic characteristics, emotional or behavioral problems. RESULTS A total of 3505 valid questionnaires were received from 9 prefectures and cities in Guizhou Province. 39.67% of the children in the 1-2-year-old group had emotional problems. 17.63% of the children agd 3-5 years had behavioral or emotional problems. And 23.57% of the children agd 6-11 years havd behavioral problems. CONCLUSIONS During the home quarantine period of prevention and control of COVID-19, even young children were adversely affected. The prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems in children was high, which was mainly manifested as anxiety, difficulty in concentration and sleep problems.

scholarly journals Infection control practices and challenges in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicentre cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 175717742110127
Author(s):  
Salma Abbas ◽  
Faisal Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
And Control

Background: Patient and staff safety at healthcare facilities during outbreaks hinges on a prompt infection prevention and control response. Physicians leading these programmes have encountered numerous obstacles during the pandemic. Aim/objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate infection prevention and control practices and explore the challenges in Pakistan during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study and administered a survey to physicians leading infection prevention and control programmes at 18 hospitals in Pakistan. Results: All participants implemented universal masking, limited the intake of patients and designated separate triage areas, wards and intensive care units for coronavirus disease 2019 patients at their hospitals. Eleven (61%) physicians reported personal protective equipment shortages. Staff at three (17%) hospitals worked without the appropriate personal protective equipment due to limited supplies. All participants felt overworked and 17 (94%) reported stress. Physicians identified the lack of negative pressure rooms, fear and anxiety among hospital staff, rapidly evolving guidelines, personal protective equipment shortages and opposition from hospital staff regarding the choice of recommended personal protective equipment as major challenges during the pandemic. Discussion: The results of this study highlight the challenges faced by physicians leading infection prevention and control programmes in Pakistan. It is essential to support infection prevention and control personnel and bridge the identified gaps to ensure patient and staff safety at healthcare facilities.

scholarly journals Knowledge of healthcare professionals regarding the vertical transmission of syphilis in Fortaleza -CE, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Maia Alves da Silva ◽  
Maria Alix Leite Araújo ◽  
Raimunda Magalhães da Silva ◽  
Roumayne Fernandes Vieira Andrade ◽  
Heber José de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge of family health strategy professionals regarding the prevention and control of the vertical transmission of syphilis. This cross-sectional study was carried out in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, from August to October 2009. A questionnaire was used, with its correct answers being in line with the recommendations of the Ministry of Health. Univariate analysis was carried out, with frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation. A total of 269 professionals participated, 44.7% had 6 to 10 years of experience in the FHS, and 60% of the questions regarding their knowledge were answered correctly: 75.8% were aware of the request period of the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test; 78.1% of the alternative drug for the treatment for pregnant women allergic to penicillin, 55.1% of the request period for VDRL for cure and control, and 50.2% of the conduct with a sexual partner. It was concluded that healthcare professionals are unaware of the appropriate actions for the prevention and control of congenital syphilis.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Survey of Personal Hygiene Positive Behavior Related to COVID-19 Prevention and Control among Indonesian Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Fatma Lestari ◽  
Abdul Kadir ◽  
Muhammad Idham ◽  
Fahrul Azwar ◽  
Ganis Ramadhany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Behavior ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Council ◽  
And Control

People’s behaviors can affect the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Public behaviors, including proper personal hygiene and healthy life practices, the use of appropriate masks, and the application of good disinfectants, have an important role in human health and protection towards prevention and control of COVID-19 spread. This study aims to perform a survey of public behavior and best practices related to COVID-19 prevention and control among Indonesian communities. A cross-sectional study was designed to collect information using an online survey. Respondents were gathered from 34 provinces in Indonesia through the Indonesia National Safety and Health Council network and Universities network. Respondents voluntarily submitted their response to a predesigned online questionnaire. The collected data was then analyzed using SPSS 24.0. A total of 771 respondent subjects (male 386; female 385) were recruited. The results show that 96% of participants implement positive behavior of personal hygiene, including wearing a mask when going outside their house, and almost 67.3% of respondents sprayed a disinfectant in their house. The majority of participants hold a door handle (37.2%) and desk (28.1%) at a frequency of more than six times a day. There were 8.2% of participants implementing good personal hygiene, including hand-washing at least once a day and maximum of more than six times after going to the toilet. At-risk behaviors were conducted by respondents in which they touched part of their face at a frequency of once during an hour. It was identified that males are less likely to perform better hand hygiene as opposed to females. In conclusion, the study showed that positive behavior of personal hygiene related to COVID-19 has been implemented among Indonesian communities. This result suggests that positive behavior based on community-based prevention and control needs to be continually maintained in order to prevent and control COVID-19 spread.

Study on Heart Failure Patients Admitted in National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-176
Author(s):  
Nur Alam ◽  
Abdullah Al Shafi Majumder
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

Background: Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome that arises secondary to abnormalities of cardiac structure and/or function (inherited or acquired) that impair the ability of the left ventricle to fill or eject blood. There is a paucity of data on characteristics of the patients of heart failure admitted in hospitals in terms of demographic and etiological information. So, this study aimed to see the disease burden of heart failure patients and the age and sex specific prevalence of heart failure among patients admitted into NICVD and to identify the etiological pattern of diseases leading to heart failure with associated comorbid factors. Methods: It was a cross sectional study carried out at National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) Dhaka Bangladesh and was conducted from January 2015 to December 2015. Total 400 heart failure patients were taken. Results: The mean age of the patients were 54 ± 14 years ranging from 16 to 95 years with a high preponderance of male. Most the patient population was in the age group of 51- 60 years (29.5%). 79% of the cases were male & 21% female by gender specification. Ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) was found to be the common cause of heart failure (n=153, 40.75%) followed by Acute coronary syndrome (32.5%) and Valvular heart disease (18.25%). The patients with heart failure having acute coronary syndrome (n=107) had hypertension (46.8%) as the most prevalent major risk factor. In the present study only 11% patient had heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Mortality rate of the study population were 6.3%. Conclusion: In this study, the most common cause of heart failure is ischaemic heart disease. So, patients of acute and chronic ischemic heart disease patients should be treated and follow up with care. Clinical and epidemiological studies are needed to explore further. Cardiovasc. j. 2021; 13(2): 172-176

scholarly journals Knowledge and Awareness on Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases among Commercial Sex Workers

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
MR Haque ◽  
K Ghosh ◽  
H Sultana ◽  
E Saha ◽  
A Kafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
One Year ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control

Objective: The main objective of the study was to assess the level of awareness on prevention and control of sexually transmitted diseases among 120 sex workers.Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted for one year. Data were collected through face to face interview using Bengali questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS 17.0 software.Place and Period of Study: The study was conducted from January 1st to December 31st of 2014 among 120 sex workersliving in brothel of Daulodia,Rajbariin Bangladesh.Results: More than half (58.7%) of the respondents had children in the brothels. All the respondents (100%) heard about the sexually transmitted diseases. Majority (86.7%) of the respondents had knowledge on AIDS. Only a few (4.2%) respondents had knowledge on AIDS and Gonorrhea. Majority (91.7 %) of the respondents had knowledge on STD transmission from pregnant women. Almost all (97.5%, 98.3%)) of the respondents had the knowledge about STD transmissionnot from toilet or shaking hands respectively.Almost all of the (95.8%, 94.2%, 94.2%, 85.8% )respondents had the knowledge on STD transmission through sexual intercourse,injection,through mosquito,sharing same razor respectively. Most of them (81.7%) had good level of knowledge on STD transmission. Only above one tenth (11.7%) had moderate and poor level of knowledge.Almost all of them (96.7%, 95.9%, 95.9%) were found touse condom, agreed to keep one partner at a time,to reduce the number of sex partner respectively.Most of them (89.3%)did not knowthe HIV status of partner before sex,almost all (97.5%, 94.2% and 97.5%) agreed to avoid risky sex,to screen blood during transfusion, to avoid sharing needles & blade respectively. All (100%)of the respondents agreed for need of sexuality education for preventing STD.Almost all (98.30%)of the respondents had good awareness on Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases. There was no association between level of education and level of awareness (P> 0.005), between age and level of awareness (P> 0.005) and between duration of work and level of awareness (P> 0.005).Conclusion: Education is the most consistent and important determinant for prevention of STDs among all classes of people.TAJ 2016; 29(2): 47-56

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document