scholarly journals Salt in nutrition of University of Sarajevo students

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Jusupović ◽  
Dijana Avdić ◽  
Budimka Novaković ◽  
Arzija Pašalić ◽  
Jasmina Mahmutović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
The University

Introduction: The role of salt in the diet is very important, however what effect will lead to its entry into the organism depends on the amount of salt ingested. Elevated salt intake is a risk factor for hypertension, heart disease, adversely affects the kidneys, helps the development of osteoporosis. The aim was to examine sodium intake in the student population through an objective assessment of nutrition students and the students' subjective experience of salty foods and salty foods influence on the organism.Methods: The research is cross-sectional study, which is carried out in April 2010 among students at the University of Sarajevo.Results: More than half of students from the FHS considers that the greatest amount of salt into the body, adding salt to food during the meal, 34% considered that it was during the preparation of food by 10% of processed products in the food industry and 4% said that it was the intake of salt, which naturally found in foods. Not in a group of students there who suffer from hypertension, while in their families the disease is present.Conclusions: Subjects eat a quantity of salt that are well above the recommended. This problem must be approached in a more organized educational, health educational and research terms.

scholarly journals Insights into the Predictors of Attitude toward Entomophagy: The Potential Role of Health Literacy: A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in a Sample of Students of the University of Florence

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5306
Author(s):  
Chiara Lorini ◽  
Laura Ricotta ◽  
Virginia Vettori ◽  
Marco Del Riccio ◽  
Massimiliano Alberto Biamonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
The University ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

In Western countries, one of the main barriers to entomophagy is repulsion toward insects. Few studies have investigated the factors that influence attitudes toward entomophagy. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study involving a sample of 248 university students, focusing on disgust and other potential attributes that can influence insect consumption, including health literacy. We used a 17-item self-administered questionnaire. Consistent with the literature, two items were chosen as outcome variables to evaluate the predictors of the propensity to consume insects: “Have you ever eaten insects or insect-based products?” and “How disgusting do you find eating insects?” The data analysis shows that having already eaten insects is inversely associated with the level of disgust (OR: 0.1, p < 0.01); and it is positively associated with higher levels of health literacy (OR: 3.66, p > 0.01). Additionally, having some knowledge and information about entomophagy is inversely associated with a higher level of disgust (OR: 0.44, p = 0.03 and OR: 0.25, p = 0.03, respectively), while being female is positively associated with disgust (OR: 3.26, p < 0.01). Our results suggest the potential role of health literacy, in addition to other factors, in influencing the willingness to taste insects. However, further studies involving larger and non-convenience samples are needed to confirm our hypothesis.

scholarly journals Urine Spot Samples Can Be Used to Estimate 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion in Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
pp. 1946-1953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magali Rios-Leyvraz ◽  
Pascal Bovet ◽  
René Tabin ◽  
Bernard Genin ◽  
Michel Russo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Individual Level

ABSTRACT Background The gold standard to assess salt intake is 24-h urine collections. Use of a urine spot sample can be a simpler alternative, especially when the goal is to assess sodium intake at the population level. Several equations to estimate 24-h urinary sodium excretion from urine spot samples have been tested in adults, but not in children. Objective The objective of this study was to assess the ability of several equations and urine spot samples to estimate 24-h urinary sodium excretion in children. Methods A cross-sectional study of children between 6 and 16 y of age was conducted. Each child collected one 24-h urine sample and 3 timed urine spot samples, i.e., evening (last void before going to bed), overnight (first void in the morning), and morning (second void in the morning). Eight equations (i.e., Kawasaki, Tanaka, Remer, Mage, Brown with and without potassium, Toft, and Meng) were used to estimate 24-h urinary sodium excretion. The estimates from the different spot samples and equations were compared with the measured excretion through the use of several statistics. Results Among the 101 children recruited, 86 had a complete 24-h urine collection and were included in the analysis (mean age: 10.5 y). The mean measured 24-h urinary sodium excretion was 2.5 g (range: 0.8–6.4 g). The different spot samples and equations provided highly heterogeneous estimates of the 24-h urinary sodium excretion. The overnight spot samples with the Tanaka and Brown equations provided the most accurate estimates (mean bias: −0.20 to −0.12 g; correlation: 0.48–0.53; precision: 69.7–76.5%; sensitivity: 76.9–81.6%; specificity: 66.7%; and misclassification: 23.0–27.7%). The other equations, irrespective of the timing of the spot, provided less accurate estimates. Conclusions Urine spot samples, with selected equations, might provide accurate estimates of the 24-h sodium excretion in children at a population level. At an individual level, they could be used to identify children with high sodium excretion. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02900261.

Serum Albumin Level as a Prognostic Marker for Covid-19 Positive Patients in Western Uttar Pradesh - A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (04) ◽  
pp. 204-207
Author(s):  
Shreyansh Talera ◽  
Saurabh Singhal ◽  
Nishant Wadhera ◽  
Mayank Arora ◽  
Ravi Pratap
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Prognostic Marker ◽  
Serum Albumin Level ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND WHO has declared Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) as a pandemic. Covid-19 leads to sickness and death. Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most common circulating protein in the body having oncotic as well as non-oncotic properties. The role of albumin in death among Covid-19 subjects, especially in this part of the country has not been frequently reported. The aim of the study was to analyse the role of serum albumin level as prognostic marker for Covid-19 positive patients. METHODS The present study was conducted in the department of Medicine at Chhatrapati Shivaji Subharti Hospital, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, UP. The study comprised of 100 subjects who were Covid positive from May 2020 to July 2020. A detailed explanation was given to all the participating respondents regarding the study and their contribution to it. Covid-19 was diagnosed on the basis of the WHO interim guidelines. A questionnaire was prepared to collect the patients’ demographic profile. Patients date of admission and discharge was recorded along with the outcome i.e., whether patient expired or survived. Patients’ diagnosis was identified along with the comorbidity (if present). Laboratory investigations comprised of CBC and serum albumin detection. Data so collected was tabulated in an excel sheet, under the guidance of statistician. Collected data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 24 and the tests used were t test and Fisher’s exact test and the level of significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS The study comprised of 100 subjects, out of which 45 were males and 55 were females. The overall mean age of the study subjects was 37.52 years. In our study, mortality was 35.29 %, 9.33 % and 85.7 % of the subjects having Covid-19+ type 2 diabetes (T2DM), only Covid-19 and Covid-19+ hypertension respectively with statistically significant difference as p < 0.05. Albumin level was significantly lower in expired patients (2.99) as compared to survivors (3.85) as p < 0.05. Hospital stay was also higher in expired patients. CONCLUSIONS Covid-19 patients had low serum albumin levels and that might play a role in the survival of patient. KEYWORDS Covid-19, Mortality, Albumin

scholarly journals Can Meals Outside Homes Impact Sodium Intake?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Pita Ruiz ◽  
Margareth Guimarães Lima ◽  
Lhais de Paula Barbosa Medina ◽  
Renata Luz Pinto ◽  
Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Study Participants

ABSTRACT Background The WHO currently recommends a daily sodium intake of 2 g and has established the goal of a 30% reduction in mean salt intake by 2025. Objective We sought to estimate sodium intake in study participants according to the locations of where they consumed meals and their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and practices related to salt consumption. Methods A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 2574 individuals aged ≥10 y who answered the 2015 Campinas-Brazil Nutrition Survey. Mean sodium intake was estimated using a 24-h recall log and associations with the independent variables were tested using generalized regression analysis stratified by age group. Results Sodium intake was higher in male participants as well as adolescents and adults who reported eating ≥1 meal outside the home (6.07% and 7.06% increase, respectively). Per meal, sodium was consumed more outside the home at breakfast, during an afternoon snack, and at dinner among adolescents. No significant differences were found in the analysis by type of meal among the adults and seniors. Conclusions Sodium intake exceeded the WHO recommendation in all age groups analyzed. Having ≥1 meal outside the home was associated with greater sodium intake among adolescents and adults. Measures to regulate the food industry and dietary/nutritional education strategies targeting consumers are important to reducing the sodium intake of the population.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of childhood vitiligo in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 578
Author(s):  
Ehiaghe L. Anaba ◽  
Adebola O. O.
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
The Body ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Face ◽  
Exposed Part ◽  
The University

Background: Literature specifically documenting clinical characteristics of childhood vitiligo are few when compared to the documentation in adults in Nigeria. This study aims to document the clinical characteristics of childhood vitiligo.Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of 35 children diagnosed to have vitiligo from January of 2005 to December of 2010 at the dermatology outpatient clinic of the University College Hospital, (UCH) Ibadan. A proforma was used to extract socio-demographic variables and clinical features from the chats. Ethical clearance for the study was given by the research and ethics committee of the hospital.Results: Over the 5 year period, 35 out of 264 children were diagnosed to have vitiligo giving an incidence of 13.3 %. The children were made up of 34.3% males and 65.7% females. At presentation, 71.4% of the children were aged 0-10 years. In 80% of the children, age at onset of vitiligo was before age 10 years especially at age 6-10 years. The commonest area of onset was the face/scalp (51.4%) and the commonest type of vitiligo was segmental. Severity of vitiligo was <9% in 97.1% of cases. Vitiligo was in an exposed part of the body in 88.6% of the children. Only females had the genitalia as area of onset of vitiligo.Conclusions: Childhood vitiligo is mainly segmental, re-pigments well and occurs more in females. Only females have the genital area as the area of onset.

scholarly journals Hormonal, metabolic and nutritional alterations in smokers: emergency for smoking abstinence

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gláucia Renata Souza Rodrigues ◽  
Marcela Melquíades ◽  
Maria Alvim Leite ◽  
Maíra Barros Louro ◽  
Carmen Perches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Fasting Glycemia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The University

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biochemical and nutritional status of smokers in treatment for smoking cessation and its association with anthropometric parameters. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with convenience sample. Adult smokers were assessed at the start of treatment in the Interdisciplinary Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (CIPIT/HU-UFJF). We evaluated the body mass index (BMI), conicity index (CI); waist circumference (WC), percentage of body fat (%BF), fasting glycemia, cortisol, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, HDL-c, triglycerides (TG) and metabolic syndrome (MS). RESULTS: Most participants (52.2%) had MS and high cardiovascular risk. The fasting glycemia was abnormal in 30.4%. There was a significant positive correlation between BMI and WC (r = 0.90; p = 0.0001), %BF (r = 0.79; p = 0.0001), CI (r = 0.65; p = 0.0001), glycemia (r = 0.42; p = 0.04) and TG (r = 0.47; p = 0.002). The CI presented positive correction with insulin (r = 0.60; p = 0.001), glycemia (r = 0.55; p = 0.007), TG (r = 0.54; p = 0.008) and %BF (r = 0.43; p = 0.004). Patients with longer duration of smoking had a higher risk of developing MS (OR = 9.6, p = 0.016). CONCLUSION: The smokers evaluated had increased risk for developing MS, especially those with longer duration of smoking, requiring urgent smoking cessation.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PENDAPATAN, PENGETAHUAN GIZI IBU DENGAN KETERSEDIAAN IKAN TINGKAT RUMAH TANGGA DAERAH PERKOTAAN

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Indriana ◽  
Laksmi Widajanti
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fish Stock ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Good Nutrition

ABSTRACT Background: The role of fish as nutrients source is very important because fish contains nutrients that to be required the body. Many markets in the city that prepare daily consumption should not become barrier for serving fish dish in family menu. Moreover Semarang city is harbour city; the fish is easy to be accessed in Semarang. But until this time role of fish in consumption of traditional food is rare because apart of population less recognize the advantage of fish. The objective of this study is to analize the relationship between income, mother's nutrition knowledge and fish stock at household level. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted to 75 mothers who be educated minimal the end of high school in Jagalan house of village-head, district of Center Semarang, Semarang city, taken by systematic random sampling. Data analyzing with Spearman correlation test. Result: Income/capita/month from mother/household ranged between Rp 99.000,00 until Rp 937.000,00. Stage of income/capita/month that more than equal with Regional Minimum Commision is 16%, less than Regional Minimum Commision is 84%. Score of mother's nutrition knowledge ranged between 50,0 until 100,0 with rate was 83,5. For category of good nutrition knowledge, the percentage is 66,7%, enough category 30,7% and less category 2,7%. For fish stock in household ranged between 0-1 times/day. For category of less stock as much as 29,3%, enough category 53,3% and good category 17,3%. Correlation coefficient for income/capita/month was 0,284 (ρ value 0,014). For mother's nutrition knowledge, correlation coefficient was 0,466 (ρ value 0,000). Conclusion: The higher mother’s Income/capita/month and nutrition knowledge, the higher fish stock in household. Keyword: Income, nutrition knowledge, mother, fish stock, household. ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Peranan ikan sebagai bahan penyedia gizi sangatlah penting karena ikan mengandung zat-zat gizi yang sangat dibutuhkan tubuh. Banyaknya pasar di Kota Semarang yang menyediakan kebutuhan sehari-hari, seharusnya sudah bukan merupakan halangan untuk penyajian hidangan ikan dalam menu keluarga. Apalagi Kota Semarang merupakan kota pelabuhan, ikan mudah didapatkan. Namun sampai saat ini peran ikan dalam konsumsi pangan tradisional masih kecil karena sebagian penduduk kurang mengenal manfaat ikan. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis hubungan pendapatan, pengetahuan gizi ibu dengan ketersediaan ikan di tingkat rumah tangga. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian survei masyarakat, jenis penelitian analitik, pendekatan waktu cross sectional. Pelaksanaan penelitian bulan September-Oktober 2004. Analisis data dengan uji korelasi Spearman. Populasi adalah ibu yang berpendidikan minimal tamat SLTA di Kelurahan Jagalan, Kecamatan Semarang Tengah, Kota Semarang (305 orang) dengan sampel sebanyak 75 orang. Hasil: Pendapatan/kapita/bulan ibu/rumah tangga bervariasi dari Rp 99.000,00 - Rp 937.000,00. Tingkat pendapatan/kapita/bulan yang >UMR persentasenya 16%, yang <UMR 84%. Nilai pengetahuan gizi ibu tentang ikan berkisar antara 50,0-100,0 dengan nilai rata-rata 83,5. Untuk kategori pengetahuan gizi baik, persentasenya 66,7%, kategori cukup 30,7% dan kategori kurang 2,7%. Untuk ketersediaan ikan tingkat rumah tangga, berkisar antara 0-1 kali/hari. Untuk kategori ketersediaan kurang ada 29,3%, kategori cukup 53,3% dan kategori baik 17,3%. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman untuk pendapatan/kapita/bulan diperoleh nilai rs=0,284 (p=0,014). Untuk pengetahuan gizi ibu tentang ikan diperoleh nilai rs=0,466 (p=0,000). Simpulan: Semakin tinggi pendapatan/kapita/bulan dan pengetahuan gizi ibu tentang ikan akan makin tinggi ketersediaan ikan di rumah tangga Kata kunci: Pendapatan, pengetahuan gizi, ibu, ketersediaan ikan, rumah tanggaPermalink: http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jgi/article/view/3240

scholarly journals The Inter-Relationship between Innovation Capability and SME Performance: The Moderating Role of the External Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9132
Author(s):  
Qinghua Fu ◽  
Muhammad Safdar Sial ◽  
Muhammad Zulqarnain Arshad ◽  
Ubaldo Comite ◽  
Phung Anh Thu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
External Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Senior Managers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Endogenous Variables ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crucial Part

Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial part in a country’s economic growth and sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between innovation and the performance of SMEs. An external environmental factor acts as a moderating variable between the exogenous and endogenous variables. Data were collected from 350 textile SMEs operating in Pakistan using a cross-sectional study design through self-administered questionnaires. Of these, only 335 surveys were valid for further analysis. The structural equational modeling technique was used for analyzing the data and testing the hypotheses that innovation and the external environment affect an SME’s performance. The results indicate a significant association between innovation and SME performance, and the external environment has a moderating impact on innovation and SME performance. This paper offers valuable recommendations to senior managers and owners of SMEs to consider the innovation and external environment as crucial factors when assessing their SME’s performance. This study contributes towards the body of knowledge on this subject and can help practitioners and researchers explore the effects of innovation and the external environment on the performance of SMEs.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Practices Related to Salt Intake among Saudi Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5749
Author(s):  
Mahitab A. Hanbazaza ◽  
Walaa A. Mumena
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Study Participants

In Saudi Arabia, data regarding salt-related knowledge and practices are still lacking. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate salt-related knowledge and practices and associated factors in Saudi adults. Data on the following variables were collected from 467 participants living in Madinah or Jeddah via face-to-face interviews: demographics, anthropometrics (height and weight), blood pressure (assessed using a digital sphygmomanometer), salt-related knowledge, and practices related to salt intake. Salt-related knowledge and practices were limited among the study participants; however, they were not correlated (rs = 0.10). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that salt-related practices were negatively associated with sodium intake and positively associated with body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively), whereas salt-related knowledge was not associated with sodium intake, blood pressure, or BMI. Salt-related knowledge is limited and not linked to practices related to salt intake in Saudi adults. Interventions are needed to increase the accessibility of low-sodium food options and improve practices limiting sodium intake to prevent the occurrence of salt-related diseases among adults in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Quality of Bread; Based on the Amount of Salt and Baking Soda Consumption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samaneh Abolli ◽  
Javad Kazemi ◽  
Zahra Hajian Motlagh
Keyword(s):  
Salt Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Bread is an unavoidable food ingredient in Iranian meals. Given the relationship between salt and baking soda and several diseases, this study aimed to investigate the role of bread and its effect on increasing additives (salt and baking soda) and comparing them to standards. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all bakeries (95 bakeries) of Garmsar county were selected and sampled from consumed bread (Taftoon; 125, Barbari; 168, Lavash; 48 and, Sangak; 22 samples) and were sent to the Food and Drug Laboratory. The samples were tested according to the National Standards of Iran (No. 2628) method. Descriptive statistics and dispersion, Skewness and Kurtosis, and Spearman correlation were used to evaluate the results. The outcomes of the measures were analyzed using Excel and SPSS software   version 22). Results: Comparison of the results of this study with Iranian standards showed that 16.3 and 66.7% of all bread samples, respectively, had the amount of salt and pH in the range of national standards. Barbari had the highest mean salt intake (1.47 ± 0.37), and Lavash had the highest mean pH (6.13 ± 0.36). Significant and reverse correlation was observed between salt intake and pH in Barbari (p = 0.041, r = -0.158) and lavash (p = 0.022, r = - 0.329) samples. The results also showed that the type of additive to increase yeast activity was different according to the type of bread.  Conclusions: Bread can play a significant role in increasing the intake of salt and baking soda daily. As a result, bread is a potential source of these additives, and it is recommended that the amount of these substances be controlled to prevent a variety of diseases associated with salt and baking soda.

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