scholarly journals Evolution characteristics and its driving forces analysis of vegetation ecological quality in Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 617-625
Author(s):  
Yu-He JI ◽  
Guang-Sheng ZHOU ◽  
Shu-Dong WANG ◽  
Li-Xia WANG ◽  
Meng-Zi ZHOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Ecological Quality ◽  
Qinling Mountains ◽  
Evolution Characteristics

Landscape pattern changes of woodland and grassland and its driving forces in Qinling Mountains

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
郭少壮 GUO Shaozhuang ◽  
白红英 BAI Hongying ◽  
孟清 MENG Qing ◽  
赵婷 ZHAO Ting ◽  
黄晓月 HUANG Xiaoyue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Qinling Mountains

scholarly journals Evolution Characteristics of Surface Water Quality Due to Climate Change and LUCC under Scenario Simulations: A Case Study in the Luanhe River Basin

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuxia Bi ◽  
Baisha Weng ◽  
Zhe Yuan ◽  
Mao Ye ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Luanhe River Basin ◽  
Evolution Characteristics

It is of great significance to study the effects and mechanisms of the key driving forces of surface water quality deterioration—climate change and LUCC (land use and land cover change). The Luanhe River Basin (LRB) in north-eastern China was examined for qualitatively and quantitatively assessing the responses of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loads on different climate scenarios and LUCC scenarios. The results show that from 1963 to 2017, the TN and TP loads basically presented a negative correlation with the temperature change (except for winter), while showing a significant positive correlation with the precipitation change. The incidence of TN pollution is sensitive to temperature increase. From 2020 to 2050, the annual average loads of TN and TP were slightly lower than from 1963 to 2017. The contribution of rising temperature was more significant on nutrient loads. Also, the incidence of TN pollution is sensitive to the future climate change. Under LUCC scenarios, the TN and TP loads and pollution incidence increased correspondingly with the decrease of natural land. The evolution characteristics analysis can provide support for the effect and adaptation-strategies study of climate change and LUCC on surface water quality.

Solute redistribution during in-situ irradiation of alloys in the high voltage electron microscope

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 370-371
Author(s):  
P. R. Okamoto ◽  
N.Q. Lam ◽  
R. L. Lyles
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Solute Diffusion ◽  
Solute Redistribution ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage Electron ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Solute Atoms

During irradiation of thin foils in a high voltage electron microscope (HVEM) defect gradients will be set up between the foil surfaces and interior. In alloys defect gradients provide additional driving forces for solute diffusion since any preferential binding and/or exchange between solute atoms and mobile defects will couple a net flux of solute atoms to the defect fluxes. Thus, during irradiation large nonequilibrium compositional gradients can be produced near the foil surfaces in initially homogeneous alloys. A system of coupled reaction-rate and diffusion equations describing the build up of mobile defects and solute redistribution in thin foils and in a semi-infinite medium under charged-particle irradiation has been formulated. Spatially uniform and nonuniform damage production rates have been used to model solute segregation under electron and ion irradiation conditions.An example calculation showing the time evolution of the solute concentration in a 2000 Å thick foil during electron irradiation is shown in Fig. 1.

Chronic Pain: Fundamental Scientific Considerations, Specifically for Legal Claims

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Barth
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Problematic Relationship

Abstract Scientific findings have indicated that psychological and social factors are the driving forces behind most chronic benign pain presentations, especially in a claim context, and are relevant to at least three of the AMA Guides publications: AMA Guides to Evaluation of Disease and Injury Causation, AMA Guides to Work Ability and Return to Work, and AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment. The author reviews and summarizes studies that have identified the dominant role of financial, psychological, and other non–general medicine factors in patients who report low back pain. For example, one meta-analysis found that compensation results in an increase in pain perception and a reduction in the ability to benefit from medical and psychological treatment. Other studies have found a correlation between the level of compensation and health outcomes (greater compensation is associated with worse outcomes), and legal systems that discourage compensation for pain produce better health outcomes. One study found that, among persons with carpal tunnel syndrome, claimants had worse outcomes than nonclaimants despite receiving more treatment; another examined the problematic relationship between complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and compensation and found that cases of CRPS are dominated by legal claims, a disparity that highlights the dominant role of compensation. Workers’ compensation claimants are almost never evaluated for personality disorders or mental illness. The article concludes with recommendations that evaluators can consider in individual cases.

Finn Kydland and Edward Prescott: Driving Forces behind Economic Cycles (2004 Nobel Prize in Economics)

2005 ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Balashova
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Microeconomic Theory ◽  
Business Cycle Theory ◽  
Economic Cycles ◽  
Cyclical Fluctuations ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Time To Build ◽  
New Business ◽  
Extensive Research Program

The method of analyzing and modeling cyclical fluctuations of economy initiated by F. Kydland and E. Prescott - the 2004 Nobel Prize winners in Economics - is considered in the article. They proposed a new business cycle theory integrating the theory of long-run economic growth as well as the microeconomic theory of consumers and firms behavior. Simple version of general dynamic and stochastic macroeconomic model is described. The given approach which was formulated in their fundamental work "Time to Build and Aggregate Fluctuations" (1982) gave rise to an extensive research program and is still used as a basic instrument for investigating cyclical processes in economy nowadays.

Convergence of Corporate Governance Models

2004 ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tretyakov
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
National Institutions ◽  
Governance Models ◽  
Changing Role

The article focuses on the analysis of the process of convergence of outsider and insider models of corporate governance. Chief characteristics of basic and intermediate systems of corporate governance as well as the changing role of its main agents are under examination. Globalization of financial and commodity markets, convergence of legal systems, an open exchange of ideas and information are the driving forces of the convergence of basic systems of corporate governance. However the convergence does not imply the unification of institutional environment and national institutions of corporate governance.

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