scholarly journals Effect of soil organic matter chemical compositions on soil protease and urease activity in alpine grassland soils in Northern Xizang, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 516-527
Author(s):  
Shu-Qin MA ◽  
Zi-Wei WANG ◽  
You-Chao CHEN ◽  
Xu-Yang LU ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Alpine Grassland ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Grassland Soils ◽  
Soil Protease

scholarly journals The Use of Radiocarbon to Measure the Effects of Earthworms On Soil Development

Radiocarbon ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 892-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
J D Stout ◽  
K M Goh
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Development ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Grassland Soils ◽  
Fresh Plant

Δ14C and δ13C values for organic matter in forest and grassland soils, in the presence or absence of earthworms, indicate that it should be possible to quantify the effects of earthworms on soil organic matter by this means. Without earthworms, both in forest and grassland soils, plant debris tends to accumulate on the surface of the mineral soil and little organic matter is incorporated into or is translocated down the soil profile. Where earthworms are present, there is much more marked incorporation of fresh plant debris in the mineral soil. This is shown especially by the pulse of ‘bomb’ carbon and also by the δ13C values.

Nitrogen addition affects chemical compositions of plant tissues, litter and soil organic matter

Ecology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 1796-1806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
Nana Wu ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Jianfei Sun ◽  
Bo Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Chemical Compositions

Soil science on the Canadian prairies - Peering into the future from a century ago

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
H H Janzen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Good Time ◽  
Grassland Soils ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
The Future

Now, as a new century begins, may be a good time to reflect on the future of Soil Science on the Canadian prairies. One way to do that is to step back about one hundred years, to the turn of the previous century when our grassland soils were first cultivated. What questions perplexed scientists then? And how did they look for answers? My objective is to listen for our forebears’ thoughts in their writings, now largely buried. From this historical vantage may emerge insights, not only into where our science has been, but also into where it might yet go. Key words: Soil organic matter, crop rotation, grassland soils, history

EFFECTS OF CATECHOL AND P-BENZOQUINONE ON THE HYDROLYSIS OF UREA AND ENERGY BARRIERS OF UREASE ACTIVITY IN SOILS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. TOMAR ◽  
A. F. MacKENZIE
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Urea Hydrolysis ◽  
Urease Inhibitors ◽  
Soil Urease ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Urea

The effects of the urease inhibitors, catechol and p-benzoquinone, and temperature on the hydrolysis of urea in five soils were investigated in a laboratory study. Urea hydrolysis decreased significantly with the amount of inhibitors applied and increased significantly with each 5 °C increase in temperature from 5 to 25 °C. The effectiveness of inhibitors generally decreased with increases in temperature from 5 to 25 °C. The correlation of hydrolysis of urea with organic matter contents of the soils was highly significant (r = 0.67** to 0.86**). Both catechol and p-benzoquinone tended to increase the energies and entropies of activation of soil urease and the effect was enhanced with a decrease in soil organic matter. It is suggested that an increase in the activation energy of the soil urease as a result of inhibitor use was related to an increase in the effectiveness of the inhibitor. Key words: Urease inhibitors, urea hydrolysis, energy of activation

Soil Enzyme Activities of Wetland in Liangzi Lake

2014 ◽  
Vol 700 ◽  
pp. 235-238
Author(s):  
Han Feng Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activity ◽  
Wetland Soil ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Change Trend

Soil enzyme activity is closely related to ecosystem course and function.Tendency and intensity of different biochemical course carried on in the soil was reflected by enzyme activity. This paper deals with the soil enzyme activity, content of organic matter, N,P 'and the relation of the enzyme activity with soil organic matter, N,P in soil of Liangzi Lake wetland by soil samples analyzed. The results shows that in the wetland soil,the urease activity is 0.397-0.652 mg/g ;the phosphatase activity is phenol6.52-11.53 mg/g; The activity of Cellulase in the soil is 0.397 - 0.652 mg/g. The change trend of Cellulase and phosphatase activity throughout the year is summer > autumn > winter > spring. The change trend of urinary enzyme throughout the year is summer > spring > autumn > winter. There is notably positive correlation between the urease activity and soil available nitrogen. There is notably positive corelation between the phosphatase activity and soil available P in the paddy field.There is notably positive correlation between the Cellulase activity and soil organic matter.

The Carbon-Nitrogen Ratio of Soil Organic Matter

1930 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Grassland Soils ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Soil Climate ◽  
Range Of Variation

1. The average carbon-nitrogen ratio for fifty British soils from widely distributed areas approximates to the figure 10: 1 given by other investigators. The range of variation is from 6·5 to 13·5: 1. Sixteen foreign samples gave C/N ratios varying from 2·0 to 23·0: 1.2. Soils from limited areas, whether high or low in organic carbon, give approximately constant ratios, but these ratios vary from place to place according to soil, climate, etc. It is suggested that the C/N ratios may be specific.3. The C/N ratios of arable soils do not differ appreciably from those of grassland soils. The percentages of carbon and nitrogen are somewhat higher in the grassland samples than in the arable samples.

Biological, chemical and thermal indices of soil organic matter stability in four grassland soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1051-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain F. Plante ◽  
José M. Fernández ◽  
Michelle L. Haddix ◽  
J. Megan Steinweg ◽  
Richard T. Conant
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Thermal Indices ◽  
Grassland Soils

scholarly journals Increased precipitation accelerates soil organic matter turnover associated with microbial community composition in topsoil of alpine grassland on the eastern Tibetan Plateau

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 811-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conghai Han ◽  
Zongli Wang ◽  
Guicai Si ◽  
Tianzhu Lei ◽  
Yanli Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Alpine Grassland ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Turnover

Large quantities of carbon are stored in alpine grassland of the Tibetan Plateau, which is extremely sensitive to climate change. However, it remains unclear whether soil organic matter (SOM) in different layers responds to climate change analogously, and whether microbial communities play vital roles in SOM turnover of topsoil. In this study we measured and collected SOM turnover by the 14C method in alpine grassland to test climatic effects on SOM turnover in soil profiles. Edaphic properties and microbial communities in the northwestern Qinghai Lake were investigated to explore microbial influence on SOM turnover. SOM turnover in surface soil (0–10 cm) was more sensitive to precipitation than that in subsurface layers (10–40 cm). Precipitation also imposed stronger effects on the composition of microbial communities in the surface layer than that in deeper soil. At the 5–10 cm depth, the SOM turnover rate was positively associated with the bacteria/fungi biomass ratio and the relative abundance of Acidobacteria, both of which are related to precipitation. Partial correlation analysis suggested that increased precipitation could accelerate the SOM turnover rate in topsoil by structuring soil microbial communities. Conversely, carbon stored in deep soil would be barely affected by climate change. Our results provide valuable insights into the dynamics and storage of SOM in alpine grasslands under future climate scenarios.

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