scholarly journals Trade-off between shooting and leaf developing of woody species saplings in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 995-1006
Author(s):  
Dan MO ◽  
Zhen-Meng WANG ◽  
You-Lu ZUO ◽  
Shuang XIANG ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Woody Species ◽  
Trade Off

scholarly journals The Generality of Leaf Size versus Number Trade-off in Temperate Woody Species

2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmei Yang ◽  
Guoyong Li ◽  
Shucun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Woody Species ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Trade Off

scholarly journals Diversity of used plant species for producing charcoal and its trade-off in Far-North Region, Cameroon

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
G. Todou ◽  
M. Hassan ◽  
Akamba Ze ◽  
D. Kombo ◽  
S. Machewere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Woody Species ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Far North ◽  
Multipurpose Species ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Phytogenetic Resources

 The Northern Regions of Cameroon belong to sudano-zambesian region. In these regions, woody species are scarce compared to Guinean-Congolese Region and they undergo the human pressure like abusive exploitation of plants. In order to contribute to valorization of phytogenetic resources and contribute to struggle desert progression in sahelian region, a study on plants diversity which are used to produce charcoal and its trade-off was carried out in Far-North Region of Cameroon. Census of plants species was made on the basis of semi-structured surveys through the producers of charcoal and identification of tree trunks on the sites of charcoal production. Data of trade of charcoal was collected by direct observation and a semi-structured survey questionnaire in Maroua. In total, 25 species grouped in 17 genera and 8 families have been recorded. Acacia and Combretum were the richest genera with four species each. They were quoted as multipurpose species which can be used elsewhere as fruits, timbers, medicinal plants or essential oils and exudates. In Maroua almost, 98 % of households use charcoal for heating. In the absence of the charcoal, up to 60 % of those use firewood, 18.46 % use domestic gas and 18.46% use kerosene. Because of poverty and unemployment, people of primary education are mostly charcoal sellers.  INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTVolume-6, Issue-2, Mar-May 2017, Page: 19-29

The triangular space of abiotic stress tolerance in woody species: a unified trade‐off model

2020 ◽  
Vol 229 (3) ◽  
pp. 1354-1362
Author(s):  
Giacomo Puglielli ◽  
Michael J. Hutchings ◽  
Lauri Laanisto
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Trade Off

scholarly journals The roles of conduit redundancy and connectivity in xylem hydraulic functions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assaad Mrad ◽  
Daniel M Johnson ◽  
David M Love ◽  
Jean-Christophe Domec
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Percolation Theory ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Hydraulic Efficiency ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Network Characteristics

Wood anatomical traits shape a xylem segment's hydraulic efficiency and embolism spread resistance due to declining water potential. Because xylem sap is in a metastable state, gas embolisms might spread within the sapwood conduits as water potential declines, inhibiting water movement. It has been known for decades that variations in conduit connectivity play a role in altering xylem hydraulics. However, evaluating the precise effect of conduit connectivity on hydraulic efficiency and embolism spread resistance has been elusive. Using graph theory, percolation theory, and computational modeling, we show that increases in conduit connectivity improves resistance to embolism spread in certain flowering plants without compromising hydraulic efficiency. The influence of conduit connectivity might explain in part why the hypothesis of the 'safety-efficiency' trade-off is weak among woody species with different xylem network characteristics. Overall, knowing how xylem network measures influence segment hydraulics is necessary to generalize trends linking anatomy and hydraulic function among woody species.

scholarly journals Hydraulic traits are coordinated with maximum plant height at the global scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. eaav1332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Liu ◽  
Sean M. Gleason ◽  
Guangyou Hao ◽  
Lei Hua ◽  
Pengcheng He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Hydraulic Efficiency ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Species Sorting ◽  
Hydraulic Safety ◽  
The Relationship

Water must be transported long distances in tall plants, resulting in increasing hydraulic resistance, which may place limitations on the maximum plant height (Hmax) in a given habitat. However, the coordination of hydraulic traits with Hmax and habitat aridity remains poorly understood. To explore whether Hmax modifies the trade-off between hydraulic efficiency and safety or how water availability might influence the relationship between Hmax and other hydraulic traits, we compiled a dataset including Hmax and 11 hydraulic traits for 1281 woody species from 369 sites worldwide. We found that taller species from wet habitats exhibited greater xylem efficiency and lower hydraulic safety, wider conduits, lower conduit density, and lower sapwood density, which were all associated with habitat water availability. Plant height and hydraulic functioning appear to represent a single, coordinated axis of variation, aligned primarily with water availability, thus suggesting an important role for this axis in species sorting processes.

scholarly journals The trade-off between safety and efficiency in hydraulic architecture in 31 woody species in a karst area

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 865-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.-Y. Fan ◽  
S.-L. Jie ◽  
C.-C. Liu ◽  
X.-Y. Zhang ◽  
X.-W. Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Woody Species ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Hydraulic Architecture ◽  
Trade Off

scholarly journals The cost of deer to trees: changes in resource allocation from growth-related traits and phenolic content to structural defence

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-425
Author(s):  
Julien Barrere ◽  
Xavier Morin ◽  
Sonia Saïd ◽  
Vincent Boulanger ◽  
Nick Rowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Chemical Defence ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Deer Browsing ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Structural Resistance

Background and aims – Plants may use various defence mechanisms to protect their tissues against deer browsing and the allocation of resources to defence may trade-off with plants’ growth. In a context of increasing deer populations in European forests, understanding the resource allocation strategies of trees is critical to better assess their ability to face an increasing browsing pressure. The aim of this study was to determine how deer removal affects the resource allocation to both defensive and growth-related traits in field conditions for three tree species (Abies alba, Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica).Methods – We compared eight pairs of fenced-unfenced plots to contrast plots with and without browsing pressure. The pairs were set up in 2005 and 2014 to compare different fencing duration. We measured leaf and shoot traits related to the defence against herbivores (phenolic content, structural resistance, C:N ratio) and to the investment in plants’ growth and productivity (specific leaf area and nutrient content). Key results – For the three species, the structural resistance of leaves and shoots was negatively correlated with SLA, nutrient content and phenolic content. For Abies alba, exclusion of deer decreased shoot structural resistance in favour of higher nutrient content, SLA and phenolic content. The fencing duration had no effect on the different measured traits. Conclusions – Our results support the assumption of a trade-off between structural defence and growth-related traits at the intraspecific scale for the three studied species. We also confirmed the hypothesis that exposure to deer browsing is involved in the resource allocation of woody species. For Abies alba, fencing led to a change in resource allocation from structural defence to growth-related traits and chemical defence.

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