scholarly journals Carbon density characteristics of sparse Ulmus pumila forest and Populus simonii plantation in Onqin Daga Sandy Land and their relationships with stand age

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHAO Wei ◽  
◽  
HU Zhong-Min ◽  
YANG Hao ◽  
ZHANG Lei-Ming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stand Age ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Carbon Density ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Populus Simonii

scholarly journals Biomass Accumulation and Carbon Sequestration in an Age-Sequence of Mongolian Pine Plantations in Horqin Sandy Land, China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhang ◽  
Xueli Zhang ◽  
Hui Han ◽  
Zhongjie Shi ◽  
Xiaohui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Horqin Sandy Land ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Carbon Density ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon

The Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris L. var. mongolica Litv.) was first introduced to the southeastern Horqin sandy land in the mid-1950s. Since then, it has been widely planted and has become the most important conifer species in Northern China, providing significant ecological, economic and social benefits. However, its function in sequestering carbon at different developmental stages has been little studied. In this study, twenty plots inventory and destructive sampling of eight trees were conducted in 12-, 19-, 34-, 48- and 58-year-old Mongolian pine stands of China. Allometric biomass equations (ABEs) for tree components were established and used to determine the magnitude and distribution of tree biomass and carbon density. The carbon density of the understory, forest floor and soil was also determined. The ABEs with age as the second variable could simply and accurately determine the biomass of plantation tree branches, foliage and fruit, which were considerably influenced by age. With increasing stand age, the proportion of stem biomass to total tree biomass increased from 22.2% in the 12-year-old stand to 54.2% in the 58-year-old stand, and the proportion of understory biomass to total ecosystem biomass decreased, with values of 7.5%, 4.6%, 4.4%, 4.1% and 3.0% in the five stands. The biomass of the forest floor was 0.00, 1.12, 2.04, 6.69 and 3.65 Mg ha−1 in the five stands. The ecosystem carbon density was 40.2, 73.4, 92.9, 89.9 and 87.3 Mg ha−1 in the 12-, 19-, 34-, 48-, and 58-year-old stands, in which soil carbon density accounted for the largest proportion, with values of 67.4%, 76.8%, 73.2%, 63.4%, and 57.7% respectively. The Mongolian pine had the potential for carbon sequestration during its development, especially in the early stages, however, in the later growth stage, the ecosystem carbon density decreased slightly.

scholarly journals Experimental sand burial affects seedling survivorship, morphological traits, and biomass allocation of <i>Ulmus pumila</i> var. <i>sabulosa</i> in the Horqin Sandy Land, China

Solid Earth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1085-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Tang ◽  
Carlos Alberto Busso ◽  
Deming Jiang ◽  
Ala Musa ◽  
Dafu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Relative Mass ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Horqin Sandy Land ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Sand Burial ◽  
Seedling Survivorship

Abstract. As a native tree species, Ulmus pumila var. sabulosa (sandy elm) is widely distributed in the Horqin Sandy Land, China. However, seedlings of this species have to withstand various depths of sand burial after emergence because of increasing soil degradation, which is mainly caused by overgrazing, climate change, and wind erosion. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the changes in its survivorship, morphological traits, and biomass allocation when seedlings were buried at different burial depths: unburied controls and seedlings buried vertically up to 33, 67, 100, or 133 % of their initial mean seedling height. The results showed that partial sand burial treatments (i.e., less than 67 % burial) did not reduce seedling survivorship, which still reached 100 %. However, seedling mortality increased when sand burial was equal to or greater than 100 %. In comparison with the control treatment, seedling height and stem diameter increased at least by 6 and 14 % with partial burial, respectively. In the meantime, seedling taproot length, total biomass, and relative mass growth rates were at least enhanced by 10, 15.6, and 27.6 %, respectively, with the partial sand burial treatment. Furthermore, sand burial decreased total leaf area and changed biomass allocation in seedlings, partitioning more biomass to aboveground organs (e.g., leaves) and less to belowground parts (roots). Complete sand burial after seedling emergence inhibited its re-emergence and growth, even leading to death. Our findings indicated that seedlings of sandy elm showed some resistance to partial sand burial and were adapted to sandy environments from an evolutionary perspective. The negative effect of excessive sand burial after seedling emergence might help in understanding failures in recruitments of sparse elm in the study region.

Effects of winter chilling vs. spring forcing on the spring phenology of trees in a cold region and a warmer reference region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Yang ◽  
Mai-He Li ◽  
Zhengfang Wu ◽  
Hong S. He ◽  
Haibo Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Reference Region ◽  
Cold Region ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Spring Phenology ◽  
Populus Simonii ◽  
Winter Chilling

&lt;p&gt;Regions at high latitudes and high altitudes are undergoing a more pronounced winter warming than spring warming, and such asymmetric warming will affect chilling and forcing processes and thus the spring phenology of plants. We analyzed winter chilling and spring forcing accumulation in relation to the spring phenology of three tree species (Ulmus pumila, Populus simonii, and Syringa oblata) growing in a cold region (CR) compared with trees in a warmer reference region (WR, using the Dynamic Model and the Growing Degree Hour (GDH) model. We tested that forcing rather than chilling affects the spring phenology of trees in CR (hypothesis I), and that trees in CR have both lower chilling and lower forcing temperatures and thus longer accumulation periods than trees in WR (hypothesis II). In line with our hypotheses, forcing played a crucial role in spring phenology in CR, but chilling and forcing combined to determine spring phenology in WR. The temperatures during the chilling and forcing periods were lower and the accumulation period started earlier and ended later in CR than in WR. Moreover, the chilling accumulation was broken into two periods by the low deep winter temperature in CR. We conclude that asymmetric warming, with a stronger temperature increase in winter than in spring, could decrease the forcing accumulation effects and increase the chilling effects on the spring phenology of plants in CR. This change in the balance between chilling and forcing will lead to a shift in plant phenology, which will further have major impacts on biogeochemical cycles and on ecosystem functioning and services.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Experimental sand burial affects seedling survivorship, morphological traits and biomass allocation of <i>Ulmus pumila var. sabulosa</i> in Horqin Sandy Land

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Tang ◽  
Carlos Alberto Busso ◽  
Deming Jiang ◽  
Ala Musa ◽  
Dafu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Horqin Sandy Land ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Sand Burial ◽  
Seedling Survivorship

Abstract. As a native tree species, Ulmus pumila var. sabulosa (Sandy elm) is widely distributed in Horqin Sandy Land. However, seedlings of this species have to withstand various depths of sand burial after emergence because of increasing soil degradation. So an experiment was conducted to evaluate the changes in the survivorship, morphological traits and biomass allocation buried with different burial depths (unburied, and seedlings buried vertically up to 33, 67, 100 or 133 % of the initial mean seedling height). The results showed that partial sand burial treatments (i.e., less than 67 % burial) did not influence seedling survivorship, which still reached 100 %. However, seedling mortality increased as sand burial was equal to or greater than 100 %. Seedling height and stem diameter increased at least by 6 to 14 % with partial burial in comparison with control treatment. Whilst seeding taproot length, total biomass, and relative growth rates at least enhanced by 10 %, 15.6 %, and 27.6 %, respectively, with the partial sand burial treatment. Furthermore, sand burial decreased total leaf area and changed biomass allocation on seedlings, transferring more biomass to aboveground rather than belowground parts. Complete sand burial after seedling emergence inhibited its growth, and even lead to death. Our findings indicated that seedling of sandy elm had a certain resistance to partial sand burial and acclimated to sandy environments. The negative effects of common excessive sand burial after seedling emergence help to understand failures in recruitment of sparse elm woodland in the Horqin sandy land.

How temperature, precipitation and stand age control the biomass carbon density of global mature forests

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingchun Liu ◽  
Guirui Yu ◽  
Qiufeng Wang ◽  
Yangjian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Stand Age ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Carbon Density
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