Effects of different levels of nitrogen fertilization on soil respiration during growing season in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum)

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIN Wan-Yu ◽  
◽  
LI Ming ◽  
HE Yang-Hui ◽  
DU Zheng-Gang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Different Levels

Analysis of Observed and DNDC Modeled Soil Respiration of Winter Wheat in Guanzhong Plain

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 1216-1221
Author(s):  
Xiao Long Zhang ◽  
Xue Yang ◽  
Kai Di Tian ◽  
Bing Shen ◽  
Quan Quan
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Dndc Model ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Soil Heterotrophic Respiration ◽  
Planting Season

The application of the DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC) model in soil respiration of winter wheat at the Ecological Experimental Station of Fuping County, China is researched for the year 2013-2014. The applied results indicate that DNDC is available to research soil respiration in cropland agroecosystems of Guanzhong Plain, China. Also the cumulative and seasonal variation emissions of soil respiration and components (root respiration, soil heterotrophic respiration) are estimated. Based on the simulated results, it can be seen that a significant variation appears in winter wheat growing season, where a downward trend starts from planting season to wintering season, and a steady low level at about 8.3 kg C·hm-2·d-1 keeps until the overwintering, then a significant upward to harvest, where the top point is almost 101.84 kg C·hm-2·d-1, with the total amount is 8342.35 kg C·hm-2. The seasonal amount of root respiration is 5345.47 kg C·hm-2, occupies 61.1% of soil respiration emissions.

DRY MATTER PRODUCTION AND NITROGEN ACCUMULATION IN NO-TILL WINTER WHEAT

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. DARROCH ◽  
D. B. FOWLER
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Soil N ◽  
N Yield ◽  
No Till ◽  
N Concentration

Norstar winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was examined in 11 trials with the objective of determining the pattern of dry matter and nitrogen (N) accumulation in dryland stubbled-in winter wheat grown in Saskatchewan. In all 4 yr of this study, replicated no-till field trials were supplemented with 0, 34, 67 and 100 kg N ha−1 applied as ammonium nitrate (34-0-0) in early spring. A fifth treatment of 200 kg N ha−1 was evaluated in the final year of trials. Plant samples were collected at 2-wk intervals. Early season N uptake was more rapid than dry matter accumulation and 89% of the total N, compared to 70% of the total dry matter, was present at anthesis (Zadoks growth stages 60–68). Poor soil moisture availability limited N uptake after anthesis. Consequently, N uptake during the growing season was best described by a quadratic equation, Nitrogen yield = −29.1 + 3.02 Z − 0.018 Z2, where Z represents the Zadoks growth stage. Nitrogen concentrations of the stems and leaves decreased during the growing season while the N concentration of spikes varied among trials. Nitrogen fertilization often produced large increases in tissue N concentration at the beginning of the growing season. These differences decreased with time and by the end of the season tissue N concentrations were usually similar for all N rates. In general, when residual soil N levels were low to intermediate and rainfall was adequate, N fertilization increased dry matter yield, plant N yield, grain yield and grain protein yield. Nitrogen fertilization increased plant N concentration, plant N yield, grain protein concentration and grain protein yield when soil N reserves were intermediate to high and rainfall was adequate.Key words: Nitrogen uptake, wheat (winter), nitrogen response, tissue nitrogen, grain protein, environment

Water Content of Sludge-injected Soil Growing Wheat

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Stone ◽  
M. B. Kirkham
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Digested Sludge

Municipalities are injecting sewage sludge into soil—as a means of disposal, to avoid the problems of odours, pests, and runoff, and to avert public disapproval associated with application on the surface. The sludge injected is mainly liquid (94–99%), but its effect on soil-water content in the field has not been sufficiently reported on. The objective of the project here described was to determine, in a subhumid region, whether the liquid in sludge changed the water status of soil compared with that of soil with inorganic fertilizer. In addition, growth of Winter Whẽat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.), grown on dryland and fertilized with the sludge or with inorganic fertilizer, was monitored. The experiment, carried out during the 1980–81 growing-season, was done at the Manhattan, Kansas, sewage-sludge farm, where aerobically digested sludge has been injected since 1976.

Variability in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grain Yield Response to Nitrogen Fertilization in Long-Term Experiments

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-412
Author(s):  
Peter Omara ◽  
Lawrence Aula ◽  
Jagmandeep S. Dhillon ◽  
Fikayo Oyebiyi ◽  
Elizabeth M. Eickhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Long Term Experiments

Influence of long-term nitrogen fertilization on micronutrient density in grain of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongli Shi ◽  
Yueqiang Zhang ◽  
Xinping Chen ◽  
Qinping Sun ◽  
Fusuo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L

Effects of elevated O3 on soil respiration in a winter wheat - soybean rotation cropland

Soil Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shutao Chen ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Haishan Chen ◽  
Zhenghua Hu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Elevated O3 ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Soil Co2 Production

The increasing tropospheric ozone (O3) concentration has been reported to have negative effects on ecosystems. However, few investigations have focussed on the impacts of elevated O3 on soil respiration in cropland. This study aimed to examine the responses of soil respiration to elevated O3 with open-top chambers (OTCs) in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) rotation. The experiment was performed in the cropland near Nanjing city, south-east China. Seasonal changes in soil respiration rates, soil CO2 production rates, and nitrification and denitrification rates in ambient air (control) and elevated O3 (100 ppb) treatments were investigated in the 2009–10 winter wheat and 2010 soybean growing seasons. Seasonal mean soil respiration rates for the control and 100 ppb treatments were 3.16 and 2.66 μmol/m2.s, respectively, in the winter wheat growing season, and they were 3.59 and 2.51 μmol/m2.s, respectively, in the soybean growing season. Mean soil respiration rate in the control was ~29% higher than that in the 100 ppb treatment across the whole winter wheat–soybean rotation season. Elevated O3 significantly decreased soil respiration in both crops, with a larger effect observed in soybean. Mean soil CO2 production rates were reduced by ~42% in the 100 ppb O3 treatment compared with the control. No O3 effects were observed on soil nitrification and denitrification during the period monitored. A further analysis of covariance showed that soil respiration was significantly correlated with both soil temperature and moisture, and no interaction effects of O3 treatment and covariate (temperature or moisture) were observed.

Russian Thistle (Salsola iberica) Growth and Development in Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 901-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank L. Young
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Free Treatment ◽  
Wheat Stubble ◽  
Crop Harvest ◽  
Salsola Iberica

A 2-yr field study was conducted to measure the growth and development of Russian thistle (Salsola ibericaSennen and Pau # SASKR) in the growing crops of winter and spring wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) and after harvest of these crops. In herbicide-free conditions, few Russian thistle seedlings emerged in winter wheat. Only 50% of these plants survived compared to 92 and 95% survival in spring wheat and crop-free treatments, respectively. Compared to growth in the crop-free treatment, both wheat types suppressed oven-dry weight, height, and width of Russian thistle plants during the crop-growing season and after crop harvest. During the crop-growing season, winter wheat suppressed Russian thistle height and width more than spring wheat. After crop harvest, oven-dry weight of Russian thistle plants grown in winter wheat stubble was suppressed 75% compared to plants grown in spring wheat stubble. Russian thistle plants grown in crop-free, spring wheat, and winter wheat treatments produced 152 100, 17 400, and 4 600 seeds/plant, respectively.

Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) tolerance to mixtures of herbicides and fungicides applied at different timings

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melody A. Robinson ◽  
Michael J. Cowbrough ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema ◽  
François J. Tardif
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Application Field ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Fungicide Mixtures

Robinson, M. A., Cowbrough, M. J., Sikkema, P. H. and Tardif, F. J. 2013. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) tolerance to mixtures of herbicides and fungicides applied at different timings. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 491–501. Farmers commonly tank-mix herbicides and fungicides to reduce application costs. In the spring of 2008, there were reports of winter wheat injury with the application of herbicide–fungicide tank-mixes early in the growing season. This study was established to determine the tolerance of winter wheat to herbicide–fungicide mixtures as influenced by time of application. Field studies were conducted at four Ontario locations in 2009 and 2010 with three herbicides and four fungicides. Herbicide–fungicide tank-mixes were applied early, under cold conditions, and late at growth stage Zadoks 37–39. Dichlorprop/2,4-D mixed with tebuconazole caused up to 15% injury when applied early and up to 29% injury when applied late. Bromoxynil/MPCA mixed with tebuconazole injured wheat up to 15% when applied early but only 10% when applied late. Other herbicide and fungicide mixes caused a lower level of injury. Visible injury was transient and did not reduce winter wheat yields. The likelihood of tank-mixes causing injury was greater when they were applied late. The fungicide tebuconazole caused the highest level of injury when mixed with herbicides and injury was particularly high with dichlorprop/2,4-D.

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