Biomass carbon density and carbon sequestration capacity in seven typical forest types of the Xiaoxing’an Mountains, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
HU Hai-Qing ◽  
◽  
LUO Bi-Zhen ◽  
WEI Shu-Jing ◽  
WEI Shu-Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Carbon Density

scholarly journals Sustained Biomass Carbon Sequestration by China’s Forests from 2010 to 2050

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhua Zhang ◽  
Weimin Ju ◽  
Jingming Chen ◽  
Meihong Fang ◽  
Mengquan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Carbon Density ◽  
Middle Aged

China’s forests have functioned as important carbon sinks. They are expected to have substantial future potential for biomass carbon sequestration (BCS) resulting from afforestation and reforestation. However, previous estimates of forest BCS have included large uncertainties due to the limitations of sample size, multiple data sources, and inconsistent methodologies. This study refined the BCS estimation of China’s forests from 2010 to 2050 using the national forest inventory data (FID) of 2009−2013, as well as the relationships between forest biomass and stand age retrieved from field observations for major forest types in different regions of China. The results showed that biomass–age relationships were well-fitted using field data, with respective R2 values more than 0.70 (p < 0.01) for most forest types, indicating the applicability of these relationships developed for BCS estimation in China. National BCS would increase from 130.90 to 159.94 Tg C year−1 during the period of 2010−2050 because of increases in forest area and biomass carbon density, with a maximum of 230.15 Tg C year−1 around 2030. BCS for young and middle-aged forests would increase by 65.35 and 15.38 Tg C year−1, respectively. 187.8% of this increase would be offset by premature, mature, and overmature forests. During the study period, forest BCS would increase in all but the northern region. The largest contributor to the increment would be the southern region (52.5%), followed by the southwest, northeast, northwest, and east regions. Their BCS would be primarily driven by the area expansion and forest growth of young and middle-aged forests as a result of afforestation and reforestation. In the northern region, BCS reduction would occur mainly in the Inner Mongolia province (6.38 Tg C year−1) and be caused predominantly by a slowdown in the increases of forest area and biomass carbon density for different age–class forests. Our findings are in broader agreement with other studies, which provide valuable references for the validation and parameterization of carbon models and climate-change mitigation policies in China.

scholarly journals Above-ground carbon stock assessment in different forest types of Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Baral ◽  
R Malla ◽  
S Ranabhat
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Physiographic Regions

This study assessed the above-ground carbon stock in the five major forest types, representing two physiographic regions and four districts of Nepal. Altogether, 116 circular sample plots were laid out systematically in different forests types to inventory the forest. Total above-ground biomass was derived with allometric equations. Results indicated variation in age of the stand (18-75 years), above-ground carbon stock per hectare (34.30- 97.86 dry wt. ton ha-1) and rate of carbon sequestration (1.30-3.21 t ha-1yr-1), according to different forest types. The rate of carbon sequestration by different forest types depended on the growing nature of the forest stands. Tropical riverine and Alnus nepalensis forest types demonstrated the highest carbon sequestration rates in Nepal. Key Words: Above-ground biomass; carbon; forest types; Nepal DOI: 10.3126/banko.v19i2.2979 Banko Janakari, Vol. 19, No.2 2009 pp.10-14

scholarly journals Stand structure and species diversity regulate biomass carbon stock under major Central Himalayan forest types of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddhartha Kaushal ◽  
Ratul Baishya
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Carbon Density ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Large Trees

Abstract Background Data on the impact of species diversity on biomass in the Central Himalayas, along with stand structural attributes is sparse and inconsistent. Moreover, few studies in the region have related population structure and the influence of large trees on biomass. Such data is crucial for maintaining Himalayan biodiversity and carbon stock. Therefore, we investigated these relationships in major Central Himalayan forest types using non-destructive methodologies to determine key factors and underlying mechanisms. Results Tropical Shorea robusta dominant forest has the highest total biomass density (1280.79 Mg ha−1) and total carbon density (577.77 Mg C ha−1) along with the highest total species richness (21 species). The stem density ranged between 153 and 457 trees ha−1 with large trees (> 70 cm diameter) contributing 0–22%. Conifer dominant forest types had higher median diameter and Cedrus deodara forest had the highest growing stock (718.87 m3 ha−1); furthermore, C. deodara contributed maximally toward total carbon density (14.6%) among all the 53 species combined. Quercus semecarpifolia–Rhododendron arboreum association forest had the highest total basal area (94.75 m2 ha−1). We found large trees to contribute up to 65% of the growing stock. Nine percent of the species contributed more than 50% of the carbon stock. Species dominance regulated the growing stock significantly (R2 = 0.707, p < 0.001). Temperate forest types had heterogeneous biomass distribution within the forest stands. We found total basal area, large tree density, maximum diameter, species richness, and species diversity as the predominant variables with a significant positive influence on biomass carbon stock. Both structural attributes and diversity influenced the ordination of study sites under PCA analysis. Elevation showed no significant correlation with either biomass or species diversity components. Conclusions The results suggest biomass hyperdominance with both selection effects and niche complementarity to play a complex mechanism in enhancing Central Himalayan biomass carbon stock. Major climax forests are in an alarming state regarding future carbon security. Large trees and selective species act as key regulators of biomass stocks; however, species diversity also has a positive influence and should also reflect under management implications.

scholarly journals Assessment of Carbon Density in Natural Mountain Forest Ecosystems at Northwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2098
Author(s):  
Li Dai ◽  
Yufang Zhang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Shuanli Zheng ◽  
Wenqiang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Forest Age ◽  
Carbon Density ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Content Ratio

The natural mountain forests in northwest China are recognized as a substantial carbon pool and play an important role in local fragile ecosystems. This study used inventory data and detailed field measurements covering different forest age groups (young, middle-aged, near-mature, mature, old-growth forest), structure of forest (tree, herb, litter and soil layer) and trees (leaves, branches, trunks and root) to estimate biomass, carbon content ratio, carbon density and carbon storage in Altai forest ecosystems. The results showed that the average biomass of the Altai Mountains forest ecosystems was 126.67 t·hm−2, and the descending order of the value was tree layer (120.84 t·hm−2) > herb layer (4.22 t·hm−2) > litter layer (1.61 t·hm−2). Among the tree parts, trunks, roots, leaves and branches accounted for 50%, 22%, 16% and 12% of the total tree biomass, respectively. The average carbon content ratio was 0.49 (range: 0.41–0.52). The average carbon density of forest ecosystems was 205.72 t·hm−2, and the carbon storage of the forest ecosystems was 131.35 Tg (standard deviation: 31.01) inside study area. Soil had the highest carbon storage (65.98%), followed by tree (32.81%), herb (0.78%) and litter (0.43%) layers. Forest age has significant effect on biomass, carbon content ratio, carbon density and carbon storage. The carbon density of forest ecosystems in study area was spatially distributed higher in the south and lower in north, which is influenced by climate, topography, soil types and dominant tree species.

scholarly journals Potential of Alnus acuminata based agroforestry for carbon sequestration and other ecosystem services in Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanase R. Cyamweshi ◽  
Shem Kuyah ◽  
Athanase Mukuralinda ◽  
Catherine W. Muthuri
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Alnus Acuminata ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Old Trees

AbstractAlnus acuminata Kunth. (alnus) is widely used in agroforestry systems across the globe and is believed to provide multiple ecosystem services; however, evidence is lacking in agroforestry literature to support the perceived benefits, particularly in Rwanda. To understand carbon sequestration potential and other benefits of alnus, a household survey, tree inventory and destructive sampling were conducted in north-western Rwanda. Over 75% of the respondents had alnus trees in their farms. The trees provide stakes for climbing beans, firewood and timber. They also improve soil fertility and control soil erosion. Farmers had between 130 and 161 alnus trees per hectare with an average height of 7.7 ± 0.59 m and diameter at breast height of 16.3 ± 1.39 cm. The largest biomass proportion was found in stems (70.5%) while branches and leaves stock about 16.5 and 13% of the total biomass, respectively. At farm level, aboveground biomass of alnus trees was estimated to be 27.2 ± 0.7 Mg ha−1 representing 13.6 Mg of carbon (C) per hectare. Biomass carbon increased with tree size, from 7.1 ± 0.2 Mg C ha−1 in 3 years old trees to 34.4 ± 2.2 Mg C ha−1 in 10 years old trees. The converse was observed with elevation; biomass carbon decreased with increasing elevation from 21.4 ± 1.29 Mg C ha−1 at low (2011–2110 m) to 9.6 ± 0.75 Mg C ha−1 in the high elevation (> 2510 m). In conclusion, alnus agroforestry significantly contributes to carbon sequestration, although the magnitude of these benefits varies with tree age and elevation. Planting alnus trees on farms can meet local needs for stakes for climbing beans, wood and soil fertility improvement, as well as the global need for regulation of climate change.

scholarly journals Estimating Carbon Sequestration Rates and Total Carbon Stockpile in Degraded and Non-Degraded Sites of Oak and Pine Forest of Kumaun Central Himalaya

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Jina ◽  
Pankaj Sah ◽  
M. D. Bhatt ◽  
Y. S. Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Carbon Trading ◽  
Central Himalaya ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
The People ◽  
Forest Sites

We calculated the rates at which CO2 is being sequestered in two different forest types of Himalaya. For our comparative study we took the degraded and non-degraded sites of pine and oak forests in Kumaun Central Himalaya. The Van Panchayats (VPs) or Community Forests are managing the nondegraded forest sites for centuries, and from this research we have come to know that the sequestration of CO2 in these non-degraded forests is significantly greater than the degraded forests. The paper recommends the significance of community forests in both Uttarakhand and the world, and advocates that if we want to fight against global warming, we must encourage the community forests and that the people living in severe poverty in these forest areas who become the unsung heroes in the war against global warming, must be paid in lieu of saving their forests, which ultimately become the sink for increased CO2 worldwide. This business or ‘carbon trading' will indeed evolve as the panacea against the war against global warming. Key words: Carbon sequestration, community forests, Van Panchayats, green house gases, global warming, carbon trading.   doi: 10.3126/eco.v15i0.1946 ECOPRINT 15: 75-81, 2008

Different alkaline minerals interacted with biomass carbon during pyrolysis: Which one improved biochar carbon sequestration?

2020 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 120162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Nan ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Ziyue Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Biomass Carbon
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