scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP OF PLANT SPECIES DIVERSITY TO ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION IN RELATION TO SOIL CONSERVATION IN SEMI_HUMID EVERGREEN FORESTS, YUNNAN PROVINCE,CHINA

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
WANG Zhen-Hong ◽  
◽  
DUAN Chang-Qun ◽  
HOU Yong-Ping ◽  
YANG Jian-Song
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Ecosystem Function ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Plant Species Diversity ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Plant species diversity, ecosystem function, and pasture Management—A perspective

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Sanderson ◽  
S. C. Goslee ◽  
K. J. Soder ◽  
R. H. Skinner ◽  
B. F. Tracy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Ecosystem Function ◽  
Plant Species Diversity ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Grazing Ecosystem

Grassland farmers face many challenges in pasture management including improving sustainability, reducing inputs of fertilizers and pesticides, and protecting soil resources. In this paper we provide our perspective on managing plant diversity within and among pastures as one tool to aid producers in meeting these challenges. Pasture ecosystems can be highly diverse, with a complex array of organisms contributing to ecosystem functioning. Within the broad range of plant and animal biodiversity in pastures, plant species diversity may be the most amenable to manipulation or management. Reported benefits of plant diversity in grasslands include: increased forage production, greater ecosystem stability in response to disturbance, and reduced invasion by exotic species such as weeds. Some view diversity as a sort of insurance policy where different species contribute in their own time or can take the place of species that fail from stress or mismanagement. Using mixtures of several forages in pastures, in some instances, can improve forage yield and reduce weed invasions. Pasture management for increased plant species diversity, however, is not simply mixing and planting as many forage species as possible. The kinds and amounts of different forage species along with their arrangement within and among pastures at the farm scale are critical features that must be considered. Tools must be developed to determine the appropriate species mixtures for varying soils, landscapes, climate and purposes to fulfill multiple functions for producers. Key words: Grazing ecosystem; forages; diversity; ecosystem function; ecosystem services

scholarly journals Investigating the Relationship between Tree Species Diversity and Landsat-8 Spectral Heterogeneity across Multiple Phenological Stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2467
Author(s):  
Sabelo Madonsela ◽  
Moses A. Cho ◽  
Abel Ramoelo ◽  
Onisimo Mutanga
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Plant Species Diversity ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Species Diversity Indices ◽  
The Relationship

The emergence of the spectral variation hypothesis (SVH) has gained widespread attention in the remote sensing community as a method for deriving biodiversity information from remotely sensed data. SVH states that spectral heterogeneity on remotely sensed imagery reflects environmental heterogeneity, which in turn is associated with high species diversity and, therefore, could be useful for characterizing landscape biodiversity. However, the effect of phenology has received relatively less attention despite being an important variable influencing plant species spectral responses. The study investigated (i) the effect of phenology on the relationship between spectral heterogeneity and plant species diversity and (ii) explored spectral angle mapper (SAM), the coefficient of variation (CV) and their interaction effect in estimating species diversity. Stratified random sampling was adopted to survey all tree species with a diameter at breast height of > 10 cm in 90 × 90 m plots distributed throughout the study site. Tree species diversity was quantified by the Shannon diversity index (H′), Simpson index of diversity (D2) and species richness (S). SAM and CV were employed on Landsat-8 data to compute spectral heterogeneity. The study applied linear regression models to investigate the relationship between spectral heterogeneity metrics and species diversity indices across four phenological stages. The results showed that the end of the growing season was the most ideal phenological stage for estimating species diversity, following the SVH concept. During this period, SAM and species diversity indices (S, H′, D2) had an r2 of 0.14, 0.24, and 0.20, respectively, while CV had an r2 of 0.22, 0.22, and 0.25, respectively. The interaction of SAM and CV improved the relationship between the spectral data and H′ and D2 (from r2 of 0.24 and 0.25 to r2 of 0.32 and 0.28, respectively) at the end of the growing season. The two spectral heterogeneity metrics showed differential sensitivity to components of plant diversity. SAM had a high relationship with H′ followed by D2 and then a lower relationship with S throughout the different phenological stages. Meanwhile, CV had a higher relationship with D2 than other plant diversity indices and its relationship with S and H′ remained similar. Although the coefficient of determination was comparatively low, the relationship between spectral heterogeneity metrics and species diversity indices was statistically significant (p < 0.05) and this supports the assertion that SVH could be implemented to characterize plant species diversity. Importantly, the application of SVH should consider (i) the choice of spectral heterogeneity metric in line with the purpose of the SVH application since these metrics relate to components of species diversity differently and (ii) vegetation phenology, which affects the relationship that spectral heterogeneity has with plant species diversity.

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