scholarly journals THE ROLE OF PRIMARY DIAGNOSTICS OF METALLURGICAL UNITS IN ENSURING EFFICIENT OPERATION IN PRODUCTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
S.N. Rednikov
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Primary Diagnostics

Production of SG Grade Pig Iron in Mini Blast Furnace

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 3174-3180
Author(s):  
Madan Mohan Mahato ◽  
Mahesh Kumar Agrawal ◽  
Sharda Nand Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Metallurgical Coke ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Pig Iron ◽  
Hot Metal ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Slag Chemistry ◽  
Capital Intensive

The entire life of a Blast furnace operator is spent to achieve the following aims: • To increase the productivity of Blast Furnace as high as possible. • To decrease the coke rate as low as possible to produce unit ton of hot metal. • To produce the hot metal of superior SG quality with particular reference to Sulphur & Silicon. • To keep the production cost as low as possible. The process indices of Mini Blast Furnace are similar to that of a conventional blast furnace. But, conventional blast furnace is capital intensive, solely dependent on good quality metallurgical coke, the gestation period is longer, and requires elaborate burden preparation. There is huge gap between demand and supply of steel in India. Also, India is dreaming to become developed nation by 2020. In such situations, the role of Mini Blast Furnace becomes very important. The slag chemistry is an important parameter to improve the process indices of MBF. The slag chemistry includes its chemical composition, liquidus temperature, fluidity, Sulphide capacity etc, which has an important bearing on the smooth & efficient operation of the MBF. The main important constituent of SG grade pig iron, particularly, Sulphur & silicon content should be 0.040% maximum and 1.20% to 2.20% maximum respectively. The chemical compositions of SG Grade Pig Iron is C- 3.80-4.20%, Mn – 0.35- 0.80%, Si – 1.20- 2.20%, S - 0.040% maximum and P – 0.15% maximum. The role of slag to produce such a low sulphur & low silicon in Mini Blast Furnace is very important. Therefore, to control Sulphur and silicon in SG Grade Pig Iron in Mini Blast Furnace, the optimisation of Slag Chemistry is an essential step.

REVIEW: THE CENTRAL ROLE OF UNCERTAINTY REDUCTION IN DETERMINING BEHAVIOUR

Behaviour ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 137 (12) ◽  
pp. 1567-1599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Inglis
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Classifier Systems ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Stochastic Environments ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
Special Direction ◽  
Parallel Activation ◽  
Control Behaviour ◽  
Reduction Of Uncertainty

AbstractIn complex and stochastic environments the ability to cope with the unexpected is essential for survival. This paper describes a motivational framework founded on the need to reduce uncertainty. It is centred around a merging of classifier systems, taken from the field of artificial intelligence, with the information-primacy approach to animal motivation. It is proposed that in order to deal with uncertainty the animal constructs cognitive models of its environment that are composed of hierarchies of condition-action rules. There is parallel activation of several rules at any given time, and these rules compete to determine behaviour. The rules found to be the best predictors (and may in addition have resulted in reinforcement) gain strength, whilst the less successful rules lose strength over time. Unexpected events trigger the generation of families of new rules which are then subject to environmental selection. The efficient operation of the cognitive model requires the continual reduction of uncertainty, so that information-gathering behaviour forms a substratum upon which other, more obviously goal directed, behaviours occur. High need states can break into this ongoing behaviour and give it a special direction. The framework is related to the inherent variability of behaviour, the failure of certain reinforcement contingencies to control behaviour, and approach/avoidance behaviour towards novel stimuli.

scholarly journals The Economic Crisis and the Role of External Audit: The Case of Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 179-190
Author(s):  
Victoria A. Zgouva ◽  
Dimitrios S. Varsos ◽  
Nikitas A. Assimakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Monetary Policies ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Auditor ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

The global financial crisis of 2008 has been rivaled only by the Great Depression of the 1930s. The breadth and duration of this crisis had an adverse impact on every national economy, reflecting the systemic interdependence of an interconnected economic ecosystem, and the strengths and weaknesses of individual countries, regions, and monetary policies. The economic crises was particularly disparaging to the Greek state, which has a long history of excessive public spending, massive tax evasion, wage growth not supported by proportional productivity, and unsustainable debt levels. The health of the economy was further eroded as a result of a lack of confidence that was driven by questionable accounting practices and the misreporting of economic performance indicators by successive governments. The Court of Audit of the Hellenic Republic1 operates as the independent external auditor for the Greek state. Its effective and efficient operation within its mandated boundaries will be instrumental in the nation’s economic recovery and a key preventing measure to arrest financial mismanagement in the future. This work will describe the context in which the CoA carries out its activities, and will explore the means through which the organization can apply a systems approach to its structure, function, and management paradigm for the purpose of reinforcing its strategic, operational, and tactical capacity.

Prediction of the dewatering of selected inorganic sludges

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Harbour ◽  
A.A.A. Aziz ◽  
P.J. Scales ◽  
D.R. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Capillary Suction ◽  
Laboratory Techniques ◽  
Dependent Parameter ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation ◽  
Separation Devices ◽  
Different Sources

There are a number of laboratory techniques traditionally used in the characterisation of sludges for the prediction of the efficient operation of dewatering processes such as centrifugation and filtration. In industry, capillary suction time and specific resistance to filtration measurements are common. Whilst useful in predicting trends, they do not assist in the design and optimisation of devices from first principles. Recent work in our laboratories has developed a technique for the fast measurement of the permeability and compressibility of sludge. This information, when coupled with first-principle models is useful for the prediction of the performance of solid-liquid separation devices. The work has shown that a single volume fraction dependent parameter, namely the solids diffusivity, calculated from permeability and compressibility, is able to fully characterise the dewaterability of sludge. This allows different sludges to be compared in an unequivocal fashion. Data will be presented for a range of sludges from different sources showing vastly different dewatering properties. The dewaterability of the different sludges is easily compared and the true role of flocculants in dewatering is highlighted.

The Relevance of “Trust and Confidence” in Financial Markets to the Information Production Role of Banks

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 650-666
Author(s):  
Bahriye BASARAN ◽  
Mahmood BAGHERI
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Vicious Circle ◽  
Information Production ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Initial Outcome ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Shed Light

Banks are informational intermediaries whose efficient operation is strongly tied to the maintenance and continuance of the trust and confidence produced by them and by external sources. The literature on trust and confidence with relevance to banking has shown particular interest in their links with panics and bank runs, together with their wider resulting implications on the macro-stability of the financial system. However, on the micro level, an initial outcome emanating from a lack of trust and confidence would be the disruption of the information production that ultimately paves the way for further deterioration, leading to a vicious circle. To investigate this further, this article will shed light on this micro aspect of bank information production and its relationship with public trust and confidence.

Technical Editing at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth T. Rainey
Keyword(s):  
National Laboratory ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Energy Research ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Oak Ridge National Laboratory ◽  
Technical Editing ◽  
Editing Process

Focusing on the crucial role of technical editors and communication managers, the article describes technical editing in environmental and energy research at The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Oak Ridge, Tennessee). The author examines the kinds of documents prepared, the audiences for whom the documents are intended, and the editing process employed by the Technical Publications Department. The author concludes that communication plays a vital role in complex research and technology and that communicators at The Oak Ridge National Laboratory occupy a central place in the efficient operation of this complex, multipurpose research facility.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE DESIGN OF THE BRUSH MACHINE FOR GRAIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
L. Soldatenko ◽  
A. Shipko ◽  
I. Shipko
Keyword(s):  
Total Surface Area ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Production Lines ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Cleaning Equipment ◽  
Dense Deposits ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Grain Surface

The quality of the finished products of flour mills largely depends on the efficiency of grain cleaning equipment, in particular, on those intended for cleaning the grain surface from dense deposits of organic and mineral dust. In modern conditions of an acute shortage of household drinking water, when the use of washing and washer-hulling machines becomes impractical or completely impossible, the role of equipment for dry processing of grain surfaces - scouring and brushing machines - is significantly increasing. Scouring machines separate high-ash dust deposits from the surface of the grain, separate the embryo and bangs, destroy clods of earth commensurate with the grain, and also lead to partial peeling of fruit shells. But they cannot remove dust and microorganisms from the groove of the weevil. This task - in the absence of washing and washer-hulling machines - is solved exclusively by brushing machines. They remove dust and microorganisms from the groove, the remains of dust, embryos and bangs, fruit shells torn by the peeling machines, and reduce the ash content of the refined grain by 0.02 ... 0.03%. And although the efficiency of the brushing machines is less than the efficiency of the scourers, they are irreplaceable at the final stages of cleaning the grain surface. The decisive influence on the efficiency of the operation of brushing machines is created by the technical condition of the working bodies and the size of the working gap between the brush rotor and the brush deck, which should be 4 ... 8 mm. However, over time, the brush surfaces of the rotor and deck will wear out, become dirty, clogged with dust and deform - the bristles get a slope and the working gap increases. In many respects, this is corrected by regulation with a special adjusting mechanism. But its capabilities are limited, and the longer the brush is used, the more often the regulation is required and the less effective it becomes. Specialists from many countries are engaged in the improvement of brush machines: Russia, Switzerland, Poland, etc. An overview of the designs and functional diagrams of machines of various companies, as well as inventions and patents in this area, can contribute to the improvement of the А1-БЩМ-12 brush machine, which is most often used in production lines of domestic enterprises. Invention "Brush machine for cleaning grain surface" for copyright certificate No. 459248 is just about the equipment for cleaning wheat and rye. The aim of the invention is to improve the efficiency of processing the surface ofthe grain by lengthening the path of its friction along the working surfaces of the rotor and the deck and continuous extraction of particles separated from the grain over the entire surface of the deck. For this, the proposed machine has a deck, which consists of a set of cylindrical brush rollers that rotate in mutually opposite directions. Externally, the deck is covered by a sieve shell, which can be made corrugated to increase the grain cleaning effect. The working area is formed by a rotary brush rotor and a brush-roller deck. Rollers of odd numbers rotate in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor at half the speed, and rollers of paired numbers rotate at the same speed as odd numbers, but in the same direction as the rotor. Grain in the working area goes through a complex zigzag path, after which it is blown with air and goes outside. To compensate for the wear of the brushes and regulate the size of the working gap, the axes of the rollers on both sides are installed in the radial grooves of the two fixed sidewalls and simultaneously in the inclined grooves of the rotary plates mounted on the cylindrical protrusions of these sidewalls. Since the total surface area of the brush rollers is almost 4 times larger than the deck area of the А1-БЩМ-12 machine, the specific load on the surface of the rollers is significantly reduced, which guarantees a longer and more efficient operation of the brush machine.

Approach to Sustainable Smart Town and Role of International Standardization

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junji Nomura ◽  
Susumu Morikura ◽  
Shinya Tada
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Future Prospect ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Energy Efficient Buildings ◽  
Energy Consumption Reduction ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
Residential House ◽  
International Standardization

Sustainable Smart Town (SST) scheme which utilizes networking of energy and information is receiving much attention as a way of stable energy supply and efficient operation in each region and country. SST consists of Smart Grid to supply energy efficiently and energy efficient buildings such as smart homes, condominiums, stores and factories. In addition, new service such as Demand Response Service which takes advantage of networking is beginning to appear in the market. This paper introduces outline of several SST pilot projects, energy consumption reduction in office building, demand response in existing residential house and information security system for facilities. It also mentions the role and future prospect of International Standardization to realize the safe, secure, comfortable and convenient SST.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF COPPER STAVES IN ACHIEVING EFFICIENT OPERATION AND LONG BLAST FURNACE CAMPAIGN LIFETIME

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Simoes ◽  
Paul Goedert ◽  
Christian de Gruiter ◽  
Nicolas Maggioli ◽  
Cristiano Castagnola
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Furnace Campaign
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