scholarly journals Measuring stigma for key populations: Protocol for a systematic review measuring stigma affecting sex workers (SW) and men who have sex with men (MSM) v1 (protocols.io.ka6cshe)

protocols.io ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alanna Fitzgerald ◽  
Michael J ◽  
Whitney F ◽  
Ashley L ◽  
Claire E ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Key Populations ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium in different population groups: systematic review andmeta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Baumann ◽  
Manuel Cina ◽  
Dianne Egli-Gany ◽  
Myrofora Goutaki ◽  
Florian S Halbeisen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
General Population ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Study Heterogeneity ◽  
Sex With Men

BackgroundMycoplasma genitalium is a common cause of non-gonococcal non-chlamydial urethritis and cervicitis. Testing of asymptomatic populations has been proposed, but prevalence in asymptomatic populations is not well established. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of M. genitalium in the general population, pregnant women, men who have sex with men (MSM), commercial sex workers (CSWs) and clinic-based samples,MethodsWe searched Embase, Medline, IndMED, African Index Medicus and LILACS from 1 January 1991 to 12 July 2016 without language restrictions. We included studies with 500 participants or more. Two reviewers independently screened and selected studies and extracted data. We examined forest plots and conducted random-effects meta-analysis to estimate prevalence, if appropriate. Between-study heterogeneity was examined using the I2 statistic and meta-regression.ResultsOf 3316 screened records, 63 were included. In randomly selected samples from the general population, the summary prevalence was 1.3% (95% CI 1.0% to 1.8%, I2 41.5%, three studies, 9091 people) in countries with higher levels of development and 3.9% (95% CI 2.2 to 6.7, I2 89.2%, three studies, 3809 people) in countries with lower levels. Prevalence was similar in women and men (P=0.47). In clinic based samples, prevalence estimates were higher, except in asymptomatic patients (0.8%, 95% CI 0.4 to 1.4, I2 0.0%, three studies, 2889 people). Summary prevalence estimates were, in the following groups: pregnant women 0.9% (95% CI 0.6% to 1.4%, I2 0%, four studies, 3472 people), MSM in the community 3.2% (95% CI 2.1 to 5.1, I2 78.3%, five studies, 3012 people) and female CSWs in the community 15.9% (95% CI 13.5 to 18.9, I2 79.9%, four studies, 4006 people).DiscussionThis systematic review can inform testing guidelines for M. genitalium. The low estimated prevalence of M. genitalium in the general population, pregnant women and asymptomatic attenders at clinics does not support expansion of testing to these groups.Registration numbersPROSPERO: CRD42015020420

scholarly journals Prevalence ofMycoplasma genitaliumin different population groups: systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Baumann ◽  
Manuel Cina ◽  
Dianne Egli-Gany ◽  
Myrofora Goutaki ◽  
Florian Halbeisen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
General Population ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Study Heterogeneity ◽  
Sex With Men

AbstractBackgroundMycoplasma genitaliumis a common cause of non-gonococcal non-chlamydial urethritis and cervicitis. Testing of asymptomatic populations has been proposed, but prevalence rates in asymptomatic populations are not well established. We aimed to estimate the prevalence ofM. genitaliumin adults in the general population, in clinic-based samples, pregnant women, men who have sex with men (MSM) and female sex workers (FSW).MethodsWe searched Embase, Medline, IndMED, AIM and LILACS from 1 January 1991 to 12 July 2016 without language restrictions. We included studies with 500 participants or more. We screened and selected studies and extracted data in duplicate. We examined eligible studies in forest plots and conducted random effects meta-analysis to estimate prevalence, if appropriate. Between study heterogeneity was examined using the I2statistic and meta-regression.ResultsOf 3,316 screened records, 63 were included. In randomly selected samples from the general population, the summary prevalence estimate was 1.3% (95% confidence intervals, CI 1.0 to 1.8%, I241.5%, 3 studies) in countries with higher levels of development and 3.9% (95% CI 2.2 to 6.7, I289.2%, 3 studies) in countries with lower levels. Prevalence estimates were similar in women and men (p=0.47). In clinic-based samples prevalence estimates were higher, except in asymptomatic patients (0.8%, 95% CI 0.4 to 1.4, I20.0%, 3 studies). Summary prevalence estimates were: pregnant women 0.9% (95% CI 0.6 to 1.4%, I20%, 4 studies); MSM in the community 3.2% (95% CI 2.1 to 5.1, I278.3%, 5 studies); FSW in the community 15.9% (95% CI 13.5 to 18.9, I2=79.9%, 4 studies).DiscussionThis systematic review can inform testing guidelines forM. genitaliuminfection. The low estimated prevalence ofM. genitaliumin the general population, pregnant women and asymptomatic attenders at clinics does not support expansion of testing to asymptomatic people in these groups.Registration NumbersPROSPERO: CRD42015020420

scholarly journals Knowledge and Use of PEP and PrEP Among Key Populations Tested in Community Centers in Portugal

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Simões ◽  
Paula Meireles ◽  
Miguel Rocha ◽  
Rosa Freitas ◽  
Ana Aguiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Key Populations ◽  
Community Centers ◽  
Counseling And Testing ◽  
Key Population ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) have been increasingly available in Europe. Due to the high burden of HIV in key populations, these could benefit from their use. In 2016, in Portugal, an open, non-interval, prospective cohort study was established in a network of 26 community-based voluntary HIV/STI counseling and testing centers. Data collected included questions on PEP and PrEP knowledge and use. We aimed to estimate the proportion of PEP and PrEP knowledge and its use among key populations, visiting the centers between 2016 and 2019.Method and results: Individuals who self-identify as being among at least one key population for HIV, men who have sex with men (MSM), people who inject drugs (PWID), sex workers (SW), migrants, and male-to-female transgender individuals (MTF), responded to questions on PEP and PrEP knowledge and use while waiting for their test results between 2016 and 2019 (n = 12,893 for PEP; n = 10,973 for PrEP). Reported knowledge was low in all key populations for both tools: 15.7% of respondents reported knowing about PEP and 10.9% about PrEP over the course of 4 years. PEP was used by 1.8% and PrEP by 0.4% of the respondents, MSM being 88.9% of PrEP users, and 52.8% of PEP users. Multivariate logistic regression showed multiple factors associated with knowing the tools, including age, education, country of birth, gender, year of test, having a reactive HIV test in the same visit, reporting an STI or condomless sex in the last 12 months, and identifying with being MSM or SW.Conclusions: Knowledge and use of PEP and PrEP remain low among key populations in Portugal. The need remains to increase knowledge and use among those at risk for HIV infection.

scholarly journals ‘Scared of going to the clinic’: Contextualising healthcare access for men who have sex with men, female sex workers and people who use drugs in two South African cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Duby ◽  
Busisiwe Nkosi ◽  
Andrew Scheibe ◽  
Ben Brown ◽  
Linda-Gail Bekker
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
South African ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
People Who Use Drugs ◽  
Key Populations ◽  
Community Members ◽  
African Cities ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
South African Cities

Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM), sex workers (SW) and people who use drugs (PWUD) are at increased risk for HIV because of multiple socio-structural barriers and do not have adequate access to appropriate HIV prevention, diagnosis and treatment services.Objective: To examine the context of access to healthcare experienced by these three ‘Key Populations’, we conducted a qualitative study in two South African cities: Bloemfontein in the Free State province and Mafikeng in the North West province.Method: We carried out in-depth interviews to explore healthcare workers’ perceptions, beliefs and attitudes towards Key Populations. Focus group discussions were also conducted with members of Key Populations exploring their experiences of accessing healthcare.Results: Healthcare workers described their own attitudes towards Key Populations and demonstrated a lack of relevant knowledge, skills and training to manage the particular health needs and vulnerabilities facing Key Populations. Female SW, MSM and PWUD described their experiences of stigmatisation, and of being made to feel guilt, shame and a loss of dignity as a result of the discrimination by healthcare providers and other community. members. Our findings suggest that the uptake and effectiveness of health services amongst Key Populations in South Africa is limited by internalised stigma, reluctance to seek care, unwillingness to disclose risk behaviours to healthcare workers, combined with a lack of knowledge and understanding on the part of the broader community members, including healthcare workers.Conclusion: This research highlights the need to address the broader healthcare provision environment, improving alignment of policies and programming in order to strengthen provision of effective health services that people from Key Populations will be able to access.

scholarly journals Systematic review of HIV prevalence studies among key populations in Latin America and the Caribbean

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Meihack Miller ◽  
Lindsay Buckingham ◽  
Mario Salvador Sánchez-Domínguez ◽  
Sonia Morales-Miranda ◽  
Gabriela Paz-Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Probability Methods ◽  
Sex With Men

Objective. This systematic review aims to synthesize articles, abstracts and reports of HIV prevalence studies conducted among men who have sex with men (MSM) and female sex workers (FSW) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Materials and methods. Authors searched online databases and collected gray literature on HIV prevalence among MSM and FSW from LAC. Year, location, sampling methodology, study design, sample size, HIV prevalence and confidence intervals were abstracted. Results. A total of 73 studies, dating from 1986 to 2010 were included. The median prevalences for MSM and FSW were 10.6% (interquartile range: 7.4-17.4) and 2.6% (IQR: 0.6-4.2), respectively. Variability was high, especially for MSM. The majority of studies recruited participants using convenience methods. Conclusion. HIV prevalence among MSM was higher than that among FSW. Sampling techniques should be standardized for future studies, prioritizing probability methods.

scholarly journals Strategies for active detection of tuberculosis in Ukraine: Comparative effectiveness amongst key populations (2014-2018)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (07.1) ◽  
pp. 89S-94S
Author(s):  
Natalia Kamenska ◽  
Dilyara Nabirova ◽  
Karapet Davtyan ◽  
Hayk Davtyan ◽  
Rony Zachariah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Key Populations ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Number Needed To Screen ◽  
Symptom Screening ◽  
Specimen Collection ◽  
Sex With Men

Introduction: Ukraine has gaps in Tuberculosis (TB) service coverage, especially in key populations (KPs). We compared effectiveness of three different strategies for active TB detection among KPs and their linkage to TB treatment during three time periods. Methodology: The KPs included people who inject drugs (PWID), sex workers (SW), men who have sex with men (MSM) and groups at-risk of TB (ex-prisoners, Roma and homeless). The active case finding included decentralized symptom screening and specimen collection (2014, strategy-1), decentralized screening with patient referred for specimen collection (2015-2017, strategy-2) and strategy-2 plus GeneXpert (2018, strategy-3). Results: In total 680,760 KPs were screened, of whom 68% were PWID. TB case detection per 100,000 populations was 1,191 in strategy-1, 302 in strategy-2, and 235 in strategy-3. The number needed to screen (NNS) to identify one case was respectively 84, 332, and 425. TB detection was highest among homeless (range: 1,839-2,297 per 100,000 population). The lowest detection was among the MSM and SW. Between 2014 and 2018, 82-94% of all diagnosed TB patients in KPs started TB treatment. Conclusions: The active case finding in KPs increased detection of TB cases in Ukraine, and the majority of diagnosed KPs initiated TB treatment. Centralization of diagnosis reduced the effectiveness of TB screening. Each region in Ukraine should assess the composition and the needs of KPs which will allow for adoption of specific strategies to detect TB among KPs with high TB prevalence.

scholarly journals Measuring stigma affecting sex workers (SW) and men who have sex with men (MSM): A systematic review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. e0188393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alanna Fitzgerald-Husek ◽  
Michael J. Van Wert ◽  
Whitney F. Ewing ◽  
Ashley L. Grosso ◽  
Claire E. Holland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals High prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among female sex workers, men who have sex with men, and transgender women in Papua New Guinea

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barne Willie ◽  
Avi J. Hakim ◽  
Steven G. Badman ◽  
Damian Weikum ◽  
Rebecca Narokobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Key Populations ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Port Moresby

Abstract Background Papua New Guinea (PNG) has a tuberculosis (TB) case notification rate of 333 cases per 100,000 population in 2016 and is one of the 14 countries classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as “high-burden” for TB, multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), and TB/HIV. HIV epidemic is mixed with a higher prevalence among key populations, female sex workers (FSW), men who have sex with men (MSM), and transgender women (TGW). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional HIV biobehavioral survey (BBS) using respondent-driven sampling method among FSW, MSM, and TGW in Port Moresby, Lae, and Mt. Hagen (2016–2017). As part of the study, participants were screened for the four symptoms suggestive of TB infection using the WHO TB screening algorithm. Sputum and venous whole blood samples were collected and tested for pulmonary TB and HIV infection, respectively. Pulmonary TB testing was performed using GeneXpert®MTB/RIF molecular point-of-care test, and HIV testing was done following the PNG national HIV testing algorithm. All data discussed are weighted unless otherwise mentioned. Results Among FSW, 72.6%, 52.0%, and 52.9% in Port Moresby, Lae, and Mt. Hagen, respectively, experienced at least one symptom suggestive of TB infection. Among MSM and TGW, 69% and 52.6% in Port Moresby and Lae, respectively, experienced at least one symptom suggestive of TB infection. Based on GeneXpert®MTB/RIF results, the estimated TB prevalence rate among FSW was 1200, 700, and 200 per 100,000 in Port Moresby, Lae, and Mt. Hagen, respectively. Among MSM and TGW, the estimated TB prevalence rate was 1000 and 1200 per 100,000 in Port Moresby and Lae, respectively. Co-prevalence of TB/HIV among FSW was 0.1% in Port Moresby and 0.2% in Lae. There were no co-prevalent cases among FSW in Mt. Hagen or among MSM and TGW in Port Moresby and Lae. Conclusions Key populations have a higher estimated rate of pulmonary TB than the national rate of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB combined. This showed that screening key populations for TB should be integrated into HIV programs regardless of HIV status in PNG’s national TB response.

scholarly journals HIV prevalence among female sex workers, drug users and men who have sex with men in Brazil: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Malta ◽  
Monica MF Magnanini ◽  
Maeve B Mello ◽  
Ana Roberta P Pascom ◽  
Yohana Linhares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sex With Men
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document