scholarly journals Japanese Encephalitis (JE): A curse for people living in Uttar Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 036-040
Author(s):  
Patel Jay Prakash ◽  
Verma Kusum ◽  
Singh Vijeta
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Acute Encephalitis ◽  
Chief Minister ◽  
Initial Symptoms ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Eastern Uttar Pradesh

Japanese Encephalitis (JE) follows due to viral infection that directly affects brain leading to coma and finally death. JE which finally leads to Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) have been creating devastation in eastern Uttar Pradesh for decades. The Gorakhpur in Uttar Pradesh is the epicenter of encephalitis induced deaths and the disease mostly affect its rural areas. However, Maharajgang, Sant Kabir Nagar, Basti, Kushinagar, Siddharth Nagar, Deoria and Mau are the most affected districts in the state. Independent figures put the toll around 50,000 as many kids die without reaching hospital. Every year, in rainy season the condition is worst for children in Uttar Pradesh. The Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) is generally spread by mosquitoes, specifically those of the genus Culex. Pigs and wild birds serve as reservoir for the JEV. Encephalitis can be air or water borne, the result of a mosquito bite or spread by ticks. The initial symptoms are fever, cold or headache. However, it becomes life threatening only when it crosses the blood and brain barrier. There is no full cure of the disease; however, it can only be treated by vaccination to some extent. Prevention includes control of the vector mosquitoes of JEV by fogging with ultra-low levels of insecticides and by raising the immunity in children by vaccination. There are three types of vaccines has been used in large scale. In India, the JE vaccination was launched during 2006. Recently Shri Yogi Adityanath (Chief Minister, Uttar Pradesh) government has launched a massive encephalitis vaccination program during 2017-18 which is a positive hopeful step towards saving the lives of several innocent people of our country.

scholarly journals Japanese Encephalitis: a life threatening disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pushkar Singh Rawat ◽  
Kajal Patel ◽  
Sudhir Mehrotra
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Viral Encephalitis ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Past ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Childhood Infection ◽  
Neurological Infection

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is neurological infection which is caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a flavivirus, and is closely related to St. Louis encephalitis and West Nile encephalitis. It is predominant in rural areas of Asia, which spread through bites of culicine mosquitoes, most often Culex tritaeniorhynchus. JE has broad range of manifestations. It can range from subtle changes in behavior to serious problems, including blindness, ataxia, weakness, and movement disorders.Japanese encephalitis virus is endemic in 24 countries in Southeast Asia and Western Pacific regions with more than 3 billion people at risk of infection. JE is the main cause of viral encephalitis in people in many countries of Asia amounting almost 68,000 clinical cases per year. Children are at greatest risk, with adults in endemic areas having protective immunity as a consequence of childhood infection. This disease is of particular importance in Gorakhpur, eastern belt of UP, the state with the largest population in India, where a large number of children have been dying in the past several years with alarming frequency since 1978.

Karaha Pujan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabha Shankar Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ritual Performance ◽  
Flat Bread ◽  
Charismatic Authority ◽  
The Future ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Eastern Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Folk Ritual

This article brings to light a kind of worship of lord Krsna practised especially by the communities of Ahir (cowherds), and Gadariya (shepherds) of eastern Uttar Pradesh, called Karaha pujan. It involves life-threatening practices performed, in a state of possession, by a bhagat, a man with charismatic authority. Besides Krsna, two forms of the goddess Sakti, namely Durga and Vansakti, are also invoked. The bhagat comes only from the Ahir or the Gadariya community. It is mostly performed under the scorching sun in summer, where the bhagat, praying to the deities, bathes in boiling hot khir (a sweet rice pudding cooked in milk), and fries puris (flat bread) dipping his hands into the boiling ghee. People come from surrounding places to witness it, feel awe for the bhagat, and believe that he is unharmed because he has been possessed by the deity or deities being worshipped. The bhagat makes predictions about the climatic conditions of the region, and about the future of the devotees, and provides solutions to their problems. This article traces similarities and parallelisms between this folk ritual performance and folk Tantric ways of worship.

scholarly journals Exacerbation of Subthreshold PTSD Symptoms in a Great East Japan Earthquake Survivor in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Arinobu Hori ◽  
Toyoaki Sawano ◽  
Akihiko Ozaki ◽  
Masaharu Tsubokura
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Nuclear Accident ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
The People ◽  
Initial Symptoms ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Actual Life ◽  
Exacerbation Of Symptoms

Background. In 2011, the people of Fukushima, Japan, experienced the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE), a complex disaster of earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear accident. Its residents are experiencing a second global disaster, a COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Objective. In this article, we aimed at discussing the effects of subthreshold PTSD in a previous disaster on an exacerbation of PTSD symptoms in another disaster. Method. We present a case of subthreshold PTSD in the context of a nuclear accident and exacerbation of symptoms due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Results. Exacerbation of subthreshold PTSD symptoms was likely due to the reemergence of an urgent atmosphere similar to the previously experienced traumatic event. Conclusions. PTSD may occur not only in those who experience the actual life-threatening like ICU admission but in those who experience the atmospheric change of society. This case demonstrated the characteristics of subthreshold PTSD caused by two disasters that shared a similar sense of insecurity, the scale of impact on the society, invisibility of the threat, restricted movement, and authoritative conflicts. These commonalities led to a recurrence and exacerbation of initial symptoms. This finding should be shared with those involved in the care system for victims’ mental health suffering from a large-scale disaster, and we need further research about the issue.

Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India: Changing Etiological Understanding

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Murhekar ◽  
Jeromie Wesley Vivian Thangaraj ◽  
Mahima Mittal ◽  
Nivedita Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Acute Encephalitis Syndrome ◽  
Acute Encephalitis ◽  
Eastern Uttar Pradesh

scholarly journals Financial Appraisal of RRBs: Evidence from Eastern Uttar Pradesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 903-912
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Rural Credit ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Credit Supply ◽  
Financial Appraisal ◽  
Financial Credit ◽  
Eastern Uttar Pradesh

India’s major population lives in rural area and adequate financial credit supply are much needed for speedy economic development of this region. Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) was established with the objective to provide financial support in rural areas. RRBs have been working as an economic agent and disbursing loan to the rural people since its inception. RRBs have performed to a great extent in terms of rural credit disbursement but Non Performing Assets (NPA) has become a key trouble. For the last few years RRBs have been facing a primary challenge of mounting NPAs, which is clogging the smooth credit supply in the rural areas. The present study aims to analyze the loan disbursement towards agriculture sector, overdue and NPAs of RRBs working in Eastern Uttar Pradesh.

scholarly journals Incidence of HIV infection in eastern Uttar Pradesh: HIV counseling and testing services record based retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2286
Author(s):  
Amresh Kumar Singh ◽  
Vivek Gaur ◽  
Ankur Kumar ◽  
Jayesh Pandey ◽  
Vandana Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Hiv Counseling ◽  
Eastern Uttar Pradesh

Background: India has approximately 2.4 million of people living with HIV and out of these two thirds live in rural areas. This study may yield significant data to understand epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in this region that would help in designing techniques for effective implementation to prevent this infection.Methods: The present study was a comprehensive retrospective hospital-based investigation of the HIV infection in eastern Uttar Pradesh, India based on a large number of clinical samples at HCTS centre, representing different geographic regions and has been functional since 2002, conducting HIV tests, counselling of patients as well as maintains proper records.Results: A total of 444 HIV positive clients were registered in this retrospective study. The male and female ratio among all positive clients was 1.67:1 and the most common age group for both the genders was 35-49 years. Among 444 HIV positive clients, HIV-TB co-infection found in 72 (16.21%) cases. Out of 444 clients, 177 (40%) and 167 (38%) found extremely immunocompromised with low CD4 cells count in range between of 0-100 cells/mm3 and >100-350 cells/mm3 respectively. Mortality was seen in 72 (16%) out of 444 HIV positive clients.Conclusions: There is an urgent need of information, education about this disease and by providing suitable occupation or to make them aware, which will markedly help in preventing the spread of HIV pandemic in this geographical region.

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