scholarly journals Bioefficacy of Larvicidal and Pupicidal properties of Clerodendrum capitatum and Bridelia machrantha leaves extracts against Malaria Vector, Anopheles gambiae giles [Diptera: Culicidae]

2018 ◽  
pp. 007-011
Author(s):  
David IK ◽  
Peter AF
Keyword(s):  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae Giles

The Role of Detoxification Enzymes in the Adaptation of the Major Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae (Giles; Diptera: Culicidae) to Polluted Water

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1674-1683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra A King ◽  
Bibian Onayifeke ◽  
Jewelna Akorli ◽  
Isaie Sibomana ◽  
Joseph Chabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae Giles ◽  
Major Malaria Vector

scholarly journals Unravelling population structure heterogeneity within the genome of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melina Campos ◽  
Luisa D. P. Rona ◽  
Katie Willis ◽  
George K. Christophides ◽  
Robert M. MacCallum
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Selective Sweeps ◽  
Structure Heterogeneity ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Genomic Regions

Abstract Background Whole genome re-sequencing provides powerful data for population genomic studies, allowing robust inferences of population structure, gene flow and evolutionary history. For the major malaria vector in Africa, Anopheles gambiae, other genetic aspects such as selection and adaptation are also important. In the present study, we explore population genetic variation from genome-wide sequencing of 765 An. gambiae and An. coluzzii specimens collected from across Africa. We used t-SNE, a recently popularized dimensionality reduction method, to create a 2D-map of An. gambiae and An. coluzzii genes that reflect their population structure similarities. Results The map allows intuitive navigation among genes distributed throughout the so-called “mainland” and numerous surrounding “island-like” gene clusters. These gene clusters of various sizes correspond predominantly to low recombination genomic regions such as inversions and centromeres, and also to recent selective sweeps. Because this mosquito species complex has been studied extensively, we were able to support our interpretations with previously published findings. Several novel observations and hypotheses are also made, including selective sweeps and a multi-locus selection event in Guinea-Bissau, a known intense hybridization zone between An. gambiae and An. coluzzii. Conclusions Our results present a rich dataset that could be utilized in functional investigations aiming to shed light onto An. gambiae s.l genome evolution and eventual speciation. In addition, the methodology presented here can be used to further characterize other species not so well studied as An. gambiae, shortening the time required to progress from field sampling to the identification of genes and genomic regions under unique evolutionary processes.

scholarly journals Human biting rhythm of Anopheles gambiae Giles, 1902 (Diptera: Culicidae) and sleeping behaviour of pregnant women in a lagoon area in Southern Benin

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armel Djènontin ◽  
Aziz Bouraima ◽  
Christophe Soares ◽  
Seun Egbinola ◽  
Gilles Cottrell
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Allelic Frequency ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Mosquito Nets ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae Giles ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Southern Benin

Abstract Objective In the framework of EVALMOUS study aiming to assess the use and effectiveness of mosquito nets by pregnant women and other members of their household in a lagoon area in southern Benin, the behaviour of pregnant women relative to the time they go to bed using the net were recorded. Malaria vectors biting rhythm, Plasmodium falciparum infection and insecticide resistance genes in malaria vectors were also determined. Results Overall, 3848 females of Anopheles gambiae s. l were collected and 280 pregnant women responded to the survey. Almost all Anopheles gambiae s. l. tested were Anopheles coluzzi Coetzee and Wilkerson 2013 (Diptera: Culicidae). The CSP index in malaria vector was 1.85% and the allelic frequency of kdr gene was 74.4%. Around 90% of bites and Plasmodium falciparum Welch, 1897 (Haemosporida: Plasmodiidae) transmission occurred between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m., which coincides with the period when more than 80% of pregnant women were under bednet. Despite a slight early evening and early morning biting activity of malaria vectors in the study area, the good use of nets might remain a useful protection tool against mosquito biting and malaria transmission.

Studies of House Leaving and Outside Resting of Anopheles gambiae Giles and Anopheles funestus Giles in East Africa. I.—The Outside Resting Population

1954 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Gillies
Keyword(s):  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Anopheles Funestus ◽  
Drastic Reduction ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Resting Sites ◽  
Lowland Area ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae Giles ◽  
Gravid Females ◽  
Periodic Examination

The behaviour of Anopheles gambiae Giles and A. funestus Giles was studied under natural conditions in a lowland area of Tanganyika.Studies on the outside resting population were carried out by direct searching for natural resting sites, and by the use of artificial box shelters partly buried in the ground in shaded localities. Catches in these give a valid sample when set up at some distance from houses.Fed and gravid females comprised 67 per cent. of the outside resting gambiae population, the latter group being between 12 and 4·5 times as numerous as the former. Rather less than half the funestus females caught were unfed, the remainder of the population being mainly composed of gravid females.Precipitin tests on the small numbers of fed females caught outside were nearly all positive for man.The identification of gravid funestus females was confirmed by periodic examination of the eggs.Entry of females into outside shelters did not occur solely in the period around sunrise. An appreciable number of funestus females did not enter before 07.00 hours and this was particularly so in shaded shelters.The building of a hut in the vicinity of a box shelter caused a drastic reduction in the numbers of mosquitos resting in the latter.Outside biting activity in these two species is of negligible importance as a source of females resting outside.

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