Supercritical fluids state of CO2 and its the technological performance

Interest in animal cell-based meat (ACBM) or laboratory-grown meat has been increasing; however, the economic viability of these potential products has not been thoroughly vetted. Recent studies suggest monoclonal antibody production technology can be adapted for the industrialization of ACBM production. This study provides a scenario-based assessment of the projected cost per kilogram of ACBM produced in the United States based on cellular metabolic requirements and process/chemical engineering conventions. A sensitivity analysis of the model identified the nine most influential cost factors for ACBM production out of 67 initial parameters. The results indicate that technological performance will need to approach technical limits for ACBM to achieve profitably as a commodity. However, the model also suggests that low-volume high-value specialty products could be viable based on current technology.

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F/OH ratio in a rare fluorine-poor blue topaz from Padre Paraíso (Minas Gerais, Brazil) to unravel topaz’s ambient of formation

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-82045-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

N. Precisvalle ◽

A. Martucci ◽

L. Gigli ◽

J. R. Plaisier ◽

T. C. Hansen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Supercritical Fluids ◽

Fluorine Content ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Hydroxyl Groups ◽

Exchange Reactions ◽

Silicate System ◽

Mullite Phase ◽

Anomalous Water

AbstractTopaz [Al2SiO4(F,OH)2] is one of the main fluorine-bearing silicates occurring in environments where variably acidic (F)/aqueous (OH) fluids saturate the silicate system. In this work we fully characterized blue topaz from Padre Paraíso (Minas Gerais, Brazil) by means of in situ synchrotron X-Ray and neutron powder diffraction measurements (temperature range 298–1273 K) combined with EDS microanalyses. Understanding the role of OH/F substitution in topaz is important in order to determine the hydrophilicity and the exchange reactions of fluorine by hydroxyl groups, and ultimately to characterize the environmental redox conditions (H2O/F) required for mineral formation. The fluorine content estimated from neutron diffraction data is ~ 1.03 a.f.u (10.34 wt%), in agreement with the chemical data (on average 10.0 wt%). The XOH [OH/(OH + F)] (0.484) is close to the maximum XOH value (0.5), and represents the OH- richest topaz composition so far analysed in the Minas Gerais district. Topaz crystallinity and fluorine content sharply decrease at 1170 K, while mullite phase starts growing. On the basis of this behaviour, we suggest that this temperature may represent the potential initial topaz’s crystallization temperature from supercritical fluids in a pegmatite system. The log(fH2O/fHF)fluid (1.27 (0.06)) is coherent with the fluorine activity calculated for hydrothermal fluids (pegmatitic stage) in equilibrium with the forming mineral (log(fH2O/fHF)fluid = 1.2–6.5) and clearly different from pure magmatic (granitic) residual melts [log(fH2O/fHF)fluid < 1]. The modelled H2O saturated fluids with the F content not exceeding 1 wt% may represent an anomalous water-dominant / fluorine-poor pegmatite lens of the Padre Paraíso Pegmatite Field.

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Astaxanthin Extraction from Marine Crustacean Waste Streams: An Integrate Approach between Microwaves and Supercritical Fluids

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ◽

10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06534 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 3050-3059 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ana N. Nunes ◽

Ana Roda ◽

Luís F. Gouveia ◽

Naiara Fernández ◽

Maria Rosário Bronze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Supercritical Fluids ◽

Integrate Approach ◽

Waste Streams ◽

Marine Crustacean ◽

Astaxanthin Extraction

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