scholarly journals Heightened Vulnerability of Alzheimer’s disease in COVID-19 Cataclysm and Putative Management Strategies

2020 ◽  
pp. 027-029
Author(s):  
Rahman Mohammad Azizur ◽  
Rahman Mohammad Saidur ◽  
Alam Nur
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Management Strategies

Neuromotor Changes in Alzheimer's Disease: Implications for Patient Care

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liduïn E.M. Souren ◽  
Emile H. Franssen ◽  
Barry Reisberg
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Behavioral Disturbances ◽  
Severe Stage ◽  
Neuromotor Function

As a result of the neuropathologic process of Alzheimer's disease (AD), significant changes occur in neuromotor function (e.g., paratonia and compulsive grasping). These changes become manifest in the moderately severe stage of AD, when patients begin to require ongoing assistance with activities of daily life (ADL), and they are prominent in the severe stage of AD, when patients are continuously dependent on a caregiver. Patients in these stages often display behavioral disturbances during care activities. These disturbing behaviors result not only from cognitive impairment, but also from a patient's physical inability to cooperate with the caregiver. When care management strategies take into account the characteristic physical restrictions resulting from the neuromotor changes that accompany advanced AD, the caregiving process may be significantly facilitated.

Abstract MP18: Covid-19 Susceptibility and Mortality Among Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Pan ◽  
Jennifer Meeks ◽  
Thomas Potter ◽  
Osman Khan ◽  
Sudha Seshadri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Comorbidity Burden

Introduction: We evaluated the burden of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 mortality associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or Dementia (MCID). Methods: We analyzed data from COVID-19 Outcomes Registry (CURATOR) at Houston Methodist; a tertiary healthcare system in greater Houston. All adult (≥ 18 years) patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in nasopharyngeal swabs were included. Utilizing validated ICD-10 codes (MCI, Alzheimer’s Disease, Vascular and Other Dementias) and use of MCID specific medications, we flagged patients with preexisting MCID. Logistic regression models were fitted to evaluate the odds of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 mortality associated with preexisting MCID. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) are reported. Results: Between March 3 and August 10, 2020; 86,614 individuals were tested, of whom 14,233 (16.4%) tested positive, with 4,473 (31.4%) hospitalizations, and 431 (9.6%) deaths. Overall 3,069 individuals had preexisting MCID; among whom 518 (16.9%) tested positive. Among all SARS-CoV-2 positive cases, MCID patients (vs. non MCID group) were older (79.9 vs. 47.3 years) and had higher overall comorbidity burden (median Charlson Comorbidity Index: 6 vs. 0), with higher proportion (%) of hypertension (90.3 vs. 39.0), heart failure (37.8 vs. 7.5), diabetes (69.3 vs. 28.2), and cancer (14.5 vs. 4.8). Mortality among MCID patients (vs. non MCID) was 22.3% vs. 8.6%. In fully adjusted models (demographics, comorbidities, clinical / laboratory parameters, complications, treatment and ICU admission), pre-existing MCID was independently associated with higher SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility, OR (CI) 1.62 (1.46-1.80) and in-hospital mortality OR (CI): 1.79 (1.23-2.61) among COVID-19 patients (graphic). Conclusions: Regardless of age, MCID is a potential risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 mortality. Targeted prevention and management strategies are warranted for this high-risk group.

Exploring family stigma among caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease: The experiences of Israeli-Arab caregivers

Dementia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 391-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan Abojabel ◽  
Perla Werner
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Affiliate Stigma ◽  
Attribution Process ◽  
Everyday Reality

Providing care to persons with Alzheimer's disease poses challenges for spouses and adult children, including experiencing stigmatic beliefs towards themselves—i.e., family stigma. Drawing on the frameworks of ethnicity and stigma and ethnicity and dementia, the current study explored stigmatic experiences among Israeli Arab family caregivers of a person with Alzheimer's disease. Three focus groups with 20 caregivers (adult children and spouses) of persons with Alzheimer's disease were conducted. Data were analyzed using theory-led thematic analysis. Caregivers reported experiencing family stigma in two dimensions: public and affiliate stigma, in both the existence of an attribution process in which cognitive stereotypes elicit negative and positive emotions which in turn provoke behavioral attributions, was evident. Family stigma was found to be a discernible feature of everyday reality among Israeli Arab caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease and stress the importance of developing management strategies that are tailored to the socio-cultural characteristics of the caregivers.

Dementia management strategies associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms of elderly people with Alzheimer’s disease

Dementia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 2747-2759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lais Lopes Delfino ◽  
Ricardo Shoiti Komatsu ◽  
Caroline Komatsu ◽  
Anita Liberalesso Neri ◽  
Meire Cachioni
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Active Management

This study aims to investigate the association between management and communication strategies and the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms presented by elderly people with Alzheimer’s disease. One hundred and thirty-four family caregivers answered a questionnaire with socio-demographic data and questions regarding the care context, the Small Communication Strategies Scale, the Dementia Management Strategy Scale, and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Caregivers used the criticism management strategy more when the elderly presented hallucination, agitation, depression, anxiety, irritability, nighttime behavior, and appetite abnormalities. The encouragement strategy was more significantly used only in the presence of euphoria/elation. The caregivers who used the most active management strategy were those who cared for the elderly with delirium, hallucination, agitation, depression, anxiety, irritability, and appetite and eating abnormalities. The use of communication strategies did not differ between groups with or without neuropsychiatric symptoms. It is concluded that criticism management and active management strategies are strongly associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms. The results of this study may be useful for planning treatment interventions that aim to modify the use of management strategies used by caregivers.

Stahl's Illustrated Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Stahl ◽  
Debbi Ann Morrissette ◽  
Nancy Muntner
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Full Color ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Basic Biology ◽  
Concise Guide

The term 'dementia' describes a collection of symptoms including cognitive dysfunction, memory loss, language and communication issues, and behavioral symptoms. There are numerous causes of dementia and, worldwide, over 35 million individuals have some form of dementia. This book describes the most common causes of dementia, reviews best practices for differentially diagnosing dementia, as well as management strategies to help improve quality of life for both patients and carers. Stahl's Illustrated Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias is a concise guide, with all concepts illustrated by full-color figures and tables, that will be familiar to readers of Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology and The Prescriber's Guide. The visual learner will find that this book makes psychopharmacological concepts easier to master, and the non-visual learner will enjoy this book's short explanations of complex psychopharmacological concepts. Each chapter builds upon previous ones, synthesising information about basic biology, diagnostics, treatment plans, complications, and comorbidities.

scholarly journals Caregiver personality predicts rate of cognitive decline in a community sample of persons with Alzheimer's disease. The Cache County Dementia Progression Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1629-1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C. Norton ◽  
Christine Clark ◽  
Elizabeth B. Fauth ◽  
Kathleen W. Piercy ◽  
Roxane Pfister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cognitive Status

ABSTRACTBackground:Environmental influences on the rate of Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression have received little attention. Our objective was to test hypotheses concerning associations between caregiver personality traits and the rate of AD progression.Methods:Care receivers (CR) were 161 persons with AD from a population-based dementia progression study; 55 of their caregivers were spouses and 106 were adult children. Cognitive status of the CR was measured with the Mini-Mental State Examination every six months, over an average of 5.6 (range: 1–14) years. Linear mixed models tested rate of cognitive decline as a function of caregiver personality traits from the NEO Five-Factor Inventory.Results:Significantly faster cognitive decline was observed with higher caregiver Neuroticism overall; however, in stratified models, effects were significant for adult child but not spouse caregivers. Neuroticism facets of depression, anxiety, and vulnerability to stress were significantly associated with faster decline. Higher caregiver Extraversion was associated with slower decline in the CR when caregivers were adult children but not spouses.Conclusions:For adult child caregivers, caregiver personality traits are associated with rate of cognitive decline in CRs with AD regardless of co-residency. Results suggest that dementia caregiver interventions promoting positive care management strategies and ways to react to caregiving challenges may eventually become an important complement to pharmacologic and other approaches aimed at slower rate of decline in dementia.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Anxiety and Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mario F. Mendez
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Sensorimotor Gating ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Behavioral Management ◽  
The Relationship

Although Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is primarily a neurocognitive disorder, it also results in prominent neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). Much literature has investigated the NPS of apathy and depression in association with AD, but relatively less is known regarding anxiety, the third most common NPS in this disorder. The prevalence of anxiety symptoms in AD is about 40%, and it can be a prelude of AD. Anxiety can be especially present among patients with mild cognitive impairment, mild dementia, or early-onset forms of the disease, and can promote progression or conversion to Alzheimer’s clinical syndrome. A number of studies have established that anxiety is associated with positive amyloid scans, mesial temporal changes with atrophy and hypometabolism in the entorhinal region, and neurofibrillary tangles present on pathological examination of this region. Proposed neurobiological mechanisms for increased anxiety in AD include decreased sensorimotor gating, relatively increased activation of amygdalae or the Salience Network, and the presence of comorbid pathology, particularly Lewy bodies. Having management strategies for anxiety in patients with AD is important as anxiety can worsen cognitive deficits. Interventions involves psychological support, behavioral management, and the judicious use of the psychiatric armamentarium of medications.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Literature Review

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1159
Author(s):  
Louis Hardan ◽  
Dimitar Filtchev ◽  
Ratiba Kassem ◽  
Rim Bourgi ◽  
Monika Lukomska-Szymanska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cleveland Clinic ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Brain Abnormalities ◽  
Global Spread

There are a number of potential implications for the field of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) stemming from the global spread of “SARS-COV-2”. Many studies that were conducted by Cleveland Clinic researchers identified a link between COVID-19 infection and brain abnormalities seen in people with AD. This article explains the association between COVID-19 and AD and how people with AD are affected by COVID-19, whether directly or indirectly. First, this article begins by explaining AD and its types, then giving an overview about COVID-19, its symptoms and the associated complications. Then, direct and indirect consequences of COVID-19 on people experiencing AD are discussed briefly. Some management strategies are recommended at the end of this article in addition to a future perspective on this topic. This article concludes by summarizing the main points mentioned about the association between COVID-19 and AD.

scholarly journals Evaluation of patients with behavioral and cognitive complaints: Misdiagnosis in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bárbara Costa Beber ◽  
Márcia L.F. Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Behavioral Memory

ABSTRACT Background: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a heterogeneous clinicopathological syndrome whose early diagnosis is critical for developing management strategies. Objective: To analyze the variables associated with misdiagnosis in a group of patients with FTD, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and without neurodegenerative disorders (WND), all of whom were evaluated for behavioral and cognitive complaints. Methods: A case-control study with FTD (n=10), probable AD (n=10) and WND (n=10) patients was carried out. The studied variables were disease duration, reason for referral, former diagnosis, behavioral and cognitive symptoms at evaluation, MMSE at the specialist evaluation, and follow-up outcome. The data were analyzed by ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc and by Pearson's Chi-Square tests. Results: FTD patients and WND patients showed longer disease duration than AD patients; the main reasons for referral in the FTD group were behavioral, memory and memory plus language problems while all AD and 90% of the WND group were referred for memory. The FTD group had the highest rate of misdiagnosis and worst outcomes after the 12-month follow-up. The majority of AD and WND patients had memory symptoms, while FTD patients presented language (30%), memory and/or language (40%) problems on the evaluation. Conclusion: Difficulty in recognizing the main features of FTD and psychiatric disorders with memory impairment was observed. Clinicians tended to generalize memory complaints toward a single diagnosis, identifying almost all these patients as AD or leaving them undiagnosed.

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