scholarly journals Knowledge transfer at the basis of the competitiveness: A critical review of the main policies

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Alice Civera ◽  
Michele Meoli ◽  
Stefano Paleari
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Incentive System ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
European Level ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Concomitant Factors ◽  
Transfer Mechanisms

Several are the concomitant factors enabling the development of the knowledge transfer, first among all the awareness that university knowledge is at the basis of innovation and business productivity, generating relevant competitive advantages. Public policies have focused on fostering kind of mechanisms, both at national and European level. However, the knowledge transfer is a complex process, involving several actors and different objectives, often conflicting. Our review of the literature reveals that the obstacles to an effective and efficient knowledge transfer are numerous and of various nature, ranging from incentive system at individual level to process managing at institutional level as well as at national and European level. We focus on the tree main knowledge transfer mechanisms, namely licensing, patenting and start-up companies. Extant studies show that steps have been taken but there is still long way to go. Suggestions for policy makers and management are provided, and implications are discussed in the concluding section.

scholarly journals Exploring Causes, Taxonomies, Mechanisms and Barriers Influencing Knowledge Transfer

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Shamim Hasnain ◽  
Sajjad M. Jasimuddin ◽  
Nerys Fuller-Love
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The World ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Transfer Mechanisms

Knowledge transfer is one of the significant elements in the knowledge management process. Knowledge transferors share different types of knowledge with the recipients with a view to fulfilling the latter's knowledge needs. The importance of identifying the appropriate knowledge transfer mechanisms and the barriers to knowledge transfer are paramount. However, neither the knowledge management literature nor the NGO-sector literature has adequately addressed the issues of causes of knowledge transfer, taxonomies of knowledge, mechanisms and barriers of knowledge transfer in comprehensive way in the context of the Bangladeshi NGO sector. The highest number of NGOs in the world is deployed in Bangladesh. Little is known about such transfer within the NGO context based in Bangladesh. This paper makes an endeavour to bridge these grey areas of knowledge management and NGO-sector. Having collected the qualitative data from Bangladeshi NGOs and using the content analysis technique, the study identified the causes of knowledge transfer, taxonomies of knowledge, mechanisms of knowledge transfer and the barriers to knowledge transfer in the context of Bangladesh. By understanding the mechanisms and the determinants of knowledge transfer, company and NGO managers and public policy makers can influence knowledge transfer more effectively. Future researchers may extend this study by carrying out similar research in a different context.

scholarly journals Współpraca przedsiębiorstw turystycznych z uczelniami - wyniki badania empirycznego

e-mentor ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Marcin Olszewski ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
New Development ◽  
Advanced Knowledge ◽  
High Level ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantages ◽  
Transfer Mechanisms

The growing importance of the cooperation between enterprises and universities stems from the continuous search for new development sources and the need to ensure sustainable competitive advantages. However, research on the partnership between the universities and service enterprises is still relatively rare. The study presented in this article aimed to recognize the scope and character of cooperation between universities and service enterprises represented by the tourism businesses, as well as the attitudes of entrepreneurs towards such collaboration. The research was carried out on a sample of 383 enterprises. Its results revealed a relatively high level of cooperation (declared by 54.6% of entities) mainly in two simple forms: students’ internships and participation of business representatives in conferences organized by academia. They also allowed identifying that the size and operating time significantly differentiate the use of academic knowledge in enterprises. The results show that the overall perception of cooperation between the tourist businesses and universities is positive, and its advantages are well recognized. The most important among them is the increase in the employees’ competences and improving the company image due to contacts with academia. However, the more significant benefits of such cooperation may be achieved only when more advanced knowledge transfer mechanisms are applied, such as commissioned research or spin-off companies.

Micro-Level Stickiness as a Threat to Client Centric Knowledge Transfer among ICT Firms in Malaysian Technology Parks

2011 ◽  
pp. 165-188
Author(s):  
Yusof Ismail ◽  
Suhaimi Mhd Sarif
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Science Park ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Knowledge Barriers ◽  
Technology Parks ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Transfer Mechanisms

The study in this chapter was carried out to ascertain whether the national ICT initiative on facilitating knowledge transfer among ICT firms by providing dedicated technology parks throughout Malaysia was client centric. It examines the issue from a micro level perspective of stickiness of knowledge transfer, which includes transfer mechanisms, types of transfer, knowledge barriers, and transfer contexts. The study solicited the opinions of competent informants (i.e., policy makers and competent ICT leaders) through face-to-face interviews in three technology parks located in northern and central Peninsular Malaysia (Kulim High Technology Park; MSC, Cyberjaya; and Selangor Science Park). The results confirm the presence of stickiness in terms of mechanisms specified in the literature.

Knowledge Transfer Strategies within Family Firm Succession

2014 ◽  
pp. 266-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Hatak ◽  
Dietmar Roessl
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Family Firm ◽  
Empirical Approach ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Family ◽  
Transfer Strategies

A firm's knowledge is considered a key strategic asset in the course of generating competitive advantages. However, especially within family firm succession, there is a high risk that knowledge embedded if the predecessor leaves the organization. Thus, in order to maintain the family firm's competitive advantage an understanding of the challenges regarding the knowledge transfer within family firm succession is needed. In this chapter, the authors employ a qualitative empirical approach to identify context-based knowledge transfer strategies and develop a typology of transfer constellations. The results provide insight for students, researchers, consultants, policy makers and family firm leaders, who are searching for the most appropriate knowledge transfer strategy given the nature, philosophies and traditions of specific small and medium sized family firms.

scholarly journals Research use at the Ministry of Health in Burkina Faso: the decision-makers’ perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Dagenais
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Informed Decision ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Informed Decision Making ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Policy Makers

Abstract Background Despite the increased emphasis placed on the use of evidence for policy development, relatively few initiatives have been developed to support evidence-informed decision-making, especially in West Africa. Moreover, studies examining the conditions under which policy-makers use research-based evidence are still scarce, but they show that their attitudes and opinions about research are one of the main determinants of such use. In February 2017, Burkina Faso’s Minister of Health planned to create a unit to promote evidence-informed decision-making within the ministry. Before the unit was set up, documenting the attitudes towards research at the highest levels of his Ministry appeared profitable to the unit’s planning. Method Individual interviews were conducted by the author with 14 actors positioned to consider evidence during decision-making from the Burkina Faso’s Minister of health cabinet. An interview grid was used to explore several themes such as attitudes towards research, obstacles and facilitators to research use, example of research use in decision-making and finally, ways to increase decision-makers’ participation in knowledge transfer activities. Interviews were partially transcribed and analysed by the author. Results The results show a mixed attitude towards research and relatively little indication of research use reported by respondents. Important obstacles were identified: evidence inaccessibility, lack of implementation guidelines, absence of clear communication strategy and studies’ lack of relevance for decision-making. Many suggestions were proposed such as raising awareness, improving access and research communication and prioritizing interactions with researchers. Respondents agree with the low participation of decision-makers in knowledge transfer activities: more leadership from the senior officials was suggested and greater awareness of the importance of their presence. Conclusions The conclusion presents avenues for reflection and action to increase the potential impact of the knowledge transfer unit planned within the Ministry of Health of Burkina Faso. This innovative initiative will be impactful if the obstacles identified in this study and policy-makers’ preferences and needs are taken into account during its development and implementation.

Research of Knowledge Transfer Mechanisms and Environmental Uncertaint towards Renewable Energy in Thailand

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 1850-1852
Author(s):  
Chun Wang Tsou ◽  
Pakarapong Supakarapongkul ◽  
Saksit Pornjirattikal ◽  
Yin Tsuo Huang
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Environmental Uncertainty ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Dynamic Capability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Transfers ◽  
Energy Companies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Transfer Mechanisms

This explanatory research explores the relationship among environmental uncertainty, knowledge transfers mechanisms, dynamic capability, and competitive advantage. A total of 235 project managers employed by energy companies in Thailand were invited to participate in the study. The findings indicated that (a) through knowledge transfer mechanisms, project teams could develop an energy enterprises core competence and build its competitive advantage, (b) the relationship between environmental uncertainty and knowledge transfer mechanisms is negative, and (c) dynamic capability and competitive advantage have a positive relationship. The limitations of the study regarding generalization, and recommendations for future research to replicate the study in other countries, are also included.

scholarly journals Malaria Trigram: improving the visualization of recurrence data for malaria elimination

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleber Matos de Morais ◽  
Kayo Henrique de Carvalho Monteiro ◽  
Jose Diego Brito-Sousa ◽  
Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro ◽  
Vanderson Souza Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Elimination ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Malaria Surveillance ◽  
Historical Representation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Public Health Professionals ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region

Abstract Background Although considerable success in reducing the incidence of malaria has been achieved in Brazil in recent years, an increase in the proportion of cases caused by the harder-to-eliminate Plasmodium vivax parasite can be noted. Recurrences in P. vivax malaria cases are due to new mosquito-bite infections, drug resistance or especially from relapses arising from hypnozoites. As such, new innovative surveillance strategies are needed. The aim of this study was to develop an infographic visualization tool to improve individual-level malaria surveillance focused on malaria elimination in the Brazilian Amazon. Methods Action Research methodology was employed to deal with the complex malaria surveillance problem in the Amazon region. Iterative cycles were used, totalling four cycles with a formal validation of an operational version of the Malaria Trigram tool at the end of the process. Further probabilistic data linkage was carried out so that information on the same patients could be linked, allowing for follow-up analysis since the official system was not planned in such way that includes this purpose. Results An infographic user interface was developed for the Malaria Trigram that incorporates all the visual and descriptive power of the Trigram concept. It is a multidimensional and interactive historical representation of malaria cases per patient over time and provides visual input to decision-makers on recurrences of malaria. Conclusions The Malaria Trigram is aimed to help public health professionals and policy makers to recognise and analyse different types of patterns in malaria events, including recurrences and reinfections, based on the current Brazilian health surveillance system, the SIVEP-Malária system, with no additional primary data collection or change in the current process. By using the Malaria Trigram, it is possible to plan and coordinate interventions for malaria elimination that are integrated with other parallel actions in the Brazilian Amazon region, such as vector control management, effective drug and vaccine deployment strategies.

scholarly journals Resources or Capabilities: A Study of Startup Emergence within Applied Research Universities in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kshitija Joshi ◽  
Krishna H S ◽  
Muralidharan Loganathan
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Capabilities Approach ◽  
National Chemical Laboratory ◽  
Chemical Laboratory ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Academic Environments ◽  
Intangible Resources ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Institute Of Technology

Over the past decade, the Indian entrepreneurial ecosystem has witnessed a steep growth in the number of incubators within academic environments. While most of these have focused on provision of tangible and intangible resources, the understanding about processes and routines that transform these resources into capabilities, which ultimately translate into successful start-up emergence has been lacking. Based on the resource-based view and the dynamic capabilities approach and using the cases of two academic incubators in India (Indian Institute of Technology, Madras and National Chemical Laboratory, Pune), this paper analyses the pre-incubation level processes that have resulted in their enhanced opportunity recognition potential. This study adds to the literature in the area of dynamic capabilities in the context of academic incubation. The study has important implications for both incubation setups as well as policy makers.

scholarly journals Careers guidance provisions and progression to post-16 education: An empirical analysis for Wales

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhys Davies ◽  
Suhaer Yunus ◽  
Katy Huxley
Keyword(s):  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Student Transition ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
School Based ◽  
Education Data

Careers guidance is widely regarded as important in supporting young people in making appropriate decisions following school. However, there is very little empirical evidence as to its effectiveness. This paper examines whether the services provided by Careers Wales have encouraged progression to post-compulsory education in Wales. The paper uses administrative education data for 2 cohorts of school pupils who completed their final year of compulsory education in Wales 2012/13 and 2013/14. Through linkage to individual level client records held by Careers Wales, those pupils who had received careers guidance during their final 2 years of school are identified. Further linkage to records regarding participation in either school based sixth-forms or colleges of Further Education provides a complete picture of participation in post-compulsory education among Welsh pupils and how rates of transition vary among different groups of pupils, including whether or not pupils had had some form of contact with Careers Wales. Multivariate statistical analysis was undertaken to examine whether or not, after controlling for other characteristics, accessing the services of Careers Wales was associated with the likelihood of attending post-compulsory education. The results based on multivariate logistic regression analysis reveal that receiving careers guidance through the medium of group sessions increases the likelihood of overall participation in post-compulsory education. The effect of this is enhanced when pupils also received a one to once careers interview during the last 2 years of school. In general, careers interventions are associated with a reduced likelihood of attendance at Sixth Form but encourages student transition to Further Education. The study offers important insights for policy makers and career practitioners in terms of the contributions of careers guidance in supporting post-16 educational landscape in Wales.

scholarly journals Universities and Entrepreneurship: An Overview of Albanian Public HEI-s on Entrepreneurial University Model Aspects

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Bruna Papa ◽  
Ervin Demo
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Entrepreneurial University ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Public Higher Education ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Institutional Level ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Future Challenges

Abstract Albanian higher education sector has undergone various changes in the last years. Such changes have brought different implication and challenges for higher education institutions. HEIs need to find new and innovative ways to be able to respond properly and play their role in the society. This paper aims to provide an evaluation of the staus quo of 5 public higher education instituions, that took part in the study, in regard to 6 aspects of the entrepreneurial university model.Interviews were conducted using HEInnovate tool as a theoretical guideline and questions were asked by being grouped in 6 categories: on aspects such as governance and lidership, internationalization, knowledge exchange, human and financial resources, entrepreneurial education and start up support and measures, were conducted in order to have a general overview and identify potential areas of improvement. Entrepreneurship needs to be supported and formilazed by the top lidership and effective organizational structure that promotes entrepreneurshop at all levels of the institution, financial stream needs to be diversified, blended learning needs to be encourgaed and promoted and public HEIs need to increase their international cooperation and presence. The study shows that HEIs need to implement new practies in order to better be prepared to face the current and future challenges. The findings and recommendation can be used to present measures to be undertaken both at institutional level of HEIs and at the level of policy makers in Albania.

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