scholarly journals Характеристики нанонаполнителя и межфазных областей в нанокомпозитах полимер/углеродные нанотрубки с эластомерной и стеклообразной матрицей

Author(s):  
Luiza В. Atlukhanova ◽  
Igor V. Dolbin ◽  
Georgii V. Kozlov

Целью настоящей работы является раздельное определение модуля упругос-ти компонент нанокомпозитов полидициклопентандиен/многослойные углеродные на-нотрубки, а именно, нанонаполнителя и межфазных областей. Для достижения этой целииспользована микромеханическая модель.Выполненные оценки продемонстрировали, что модуль упругости углеродных нанотрубокв полимерной матрице нанокомпозита, т. е., их агрегатов, приблизительно на два поряд-ка меньше номинальной величины этого параметра для отдельной углеродной нанотруб-ки, тогда как модуль упругости межфазных областей примерно в два раза выше модуляупругости матричного полимера. Эти данные ясно демонстрируют некорректность при-менения номинальных характеристик нанонаполнителя, в частности, его модуля упру-гости, для определения соответствующих показателей нанокомпозита. Однако использо-вание реальных величин модуля упругости агрегатов углеродных нанотрубок в рамкахпростого правила смесей позволяет достаточно точное описание этого параметра в случаенанокомпозитов. Важно отметить, что модуль упругости углеродных нанотрубок в элас-томерной матрице существенно меньше этого параметра в стеклообразной матрице дляодного и того же нанокомпозита. Это означает, что указанный параметр определяется нетолько размерами и структурой агрегатов нанонаполнителя, но также и другими факто-рами, в частности, жесткостью окружающей агрегат полимерной матрицы, эффективнос-тью переноса приложенного к образцу механического напряжения от полимерной мат-рицы к нанонаполнителю и т. п.Применение модифицированного правила смесей для описания модуля упругости нано-композитов показало, что включенный в него, так называемый, фактор эффективностидлины в случае анизотропного нанонаполнителя существенно меньше (на несколькопорядков) рассчитанного теоретически для углеродных нанотрубок, что особенно очевид-но выражено в случае нанокомпозитов с эластомерной матрицей.В качестве вывода укажем, что модуль упругости компонент нанокомпозита являетсясильной функцией их фазового состояния, а определение реальных характеристик этихкомпонент позволяет корректное применение простого правила смесей.       ЛИТЕРАТУРА1. Moniruzzaman M., Winey K.I. Polymer nanocomposites containing carbon nanotubes // Macromolecules,2006, v. 39(16), p. 5194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ma060733p2. Schaefer D. W., Justice R. S. How nano are nanocomposites? // Macromolecules, 2007, v. 40(24), p. 8501.DOI: https://doi.org10.1021/ma070326w3. Coleman J. N., Cadek M., Ryan K. P., Fonseca A., Nady J. B., Blau W. J., Ferreira M. S. Reinforcement ofpolymers with carbon nanotubes. The role of an ordered polymer intwrfacial region. Experimental andmodeling // Polymer, 2006, v. 47(23), pp. 8556–8561. DOI: https://doi.org/10/1016/j.polymer.2006.10.0144. Kozlov G. V., Yanovskii Yu. G., Zaikov G. E. Particulate-Filled Polymer Nanocomposites. Structure,Properties, Perspectives. New York, Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527644346.ch35. Mikitaev A. K., Kozlov G. V., Zaikov G. E. Polymer Nanocomposites: Variety of Structural Forms and Applications.New York, Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2008.6. Jeong W., Kessler M.R. Toughness enhancement in ROMP functionalized carbon nanotube/polydicyclopentadienecomposites. Chem. Mater., 2008. v. 20(22), р. 7060. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/cm80209477. Koerner H., Liu W., Alexander M., Mirau P., Dowty H., Vaia R. A. Deformation – morphology correlationsin electrically conductive carbon nanotube – thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites // Polymer, 2005, v. 46(12), р. 4405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.02.0258. Ahmed S., Jones F. R. A review of particulate reinforcement theories of polymer composites // J.Mater. Sci., 1990, v. 25(12), pp. 4933–4942. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/bf005801109. Aygubova A. Ch., Kozlov G. V., Magomedov G. M., Zaikov G. E. The elastic modulus of carbon nanotubeaggregates in polymer nanocomposites. J. Characterization and Development of Novel Mater., 2016, v. 8(3), p. 227.10. Khan U., May P., O’Neill A., Bell A.P., Boussac E., Martin A., Semple J., Coleman J. N. Polymer reinforcementusing liquid-exfoliated boron nitride nanosheets // Nanoscale, 2013, v. 5(3), pp. 581-587. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/c2nr33049k

Polymer ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 4405-4420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilmar Koerner ◽  
Weidong Liu ◽  
Max Alexander ◽  
Peter Mirau ◽  
Heather Dowty ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 935 ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise B. Atlukhanova ◽  
George V. Kozlov

Carbon nanotubes aggregation process in aggregates (bundles) has been studied. This process results in essential reduction of nanocomposites attainable elasticity modulus. The bundles packing density is defined by aggregation expectation time and corresponding carbon nanotube walk dimension up to sticking with a similar nanotube.


2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 567-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Velasco-Santos ◽  
A. L. Martinez-Hernandez ◽  
V. M. Castano

Author(s):  
Reza Moheimani ◽  
M Hasansade

This paper describes a closed-form unit cell micromechanical model for estimating the effective thermal conductivities of unidirectional carbon nanotube reinforced polymer nanocomposites. The model incorporates the typically observed misalignment and curvature of carbon nanotubes into the polymer nanocomposites. Also, the interfacial thermal resistance between the carbon nanotube and the polymer matrix is considered in the nanocomposite simulation. The micromechanics model is seen to produce reasonable agreement with available experimental data for the effective thermal conductivities of polymer nanocomposites reinforced with different carbon nanotube volume fractions. The results indicate that the thermal conductivities are strongly dependent on the waviness wherein, even a slight change in the carbon nanotube curvature can induce a prominent change in the polymer nanocomposite thermal conducting behavior. In general, the carbon nanotube curvature improves the nanocomposite thermal conductivity in the transverse direction. However, using the straight carbon nanotubes leads to maximum levels of axial thermal conductivities. With the increase in carbon nanotube diameter, an enhancement in nanocomposite transverse thermal conductivity is observed. Also, the results of micromechanical simulation show that it is necessary to form a perfectly bonded interface if the full potential of carbon nanotube reinforcement is to be realized.


2021 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Murugesan ◽  
Sureshkumar Raman ◽  
Arun Radhakrishnan

Background: Recently, Nanomaterials based nano-composite materials play the role of various field. Especially, Carbon nanotube based materials are involved in the bio-medical applications.Since, their exclusive and exciting property, researchers worldwide have extensively involved in trans-modulating the carbon nanotubes into a viable medico-friendly system. Objective: These active researches paved the path towards targeted drug delivery, diagnostic techniques, and bio-analytical applications. Despite these exciting properties, which accomplish the probable for biomedical applications, they hold Biosafety issues. Methods: This broad-spectrum review has discussed different aspects of carbon nanotubes and carbon nanotube-based systems related to biomedical applications. Results: Adding to this, a short chronological description of these tiny yet powerful particles given, followed by a discussion regarding their types, properties, methods of synthesis, scale-up, purification techniques and characterization aspects of carbon nanotubes. Conclusion: In the later part, the functionalization of carbon nanotubes was reviewed in detail, which is important to make them biocompatible and stable in biological systems and render them a great property of loading various biomolecules diagnostic and therapeutic moieties. Lastly, an inclusive description of the potential biomedical applications has been given followed by insights into the future.


2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
MK Hassanzadeh-Aghdam ◽  
MJ Mahmoodi ◽  
R Ansari ◽  
A Darvizeh

The effects of interphase characteristics on the elastic behavior of randomly dispersed carbon nanotube–reinforced shape memory polymer nanocomposites are investigated using a three-dimensional unit cell–based micromechanical method. The interphase region is formed due to non-bonded van der Waals interaction between a carbon nanotube and a shape memory polymer. The influences of temperature, diameter, volume fraction, and arrangement type of carbon nanotubes within the matrix as well as two interphase factors, including adhesion exponent and thickness on the carbon nanotube/shape memory polymer nanocomposite’s longitudinal and transverse elastic moduli, are explored extensively. Moreover, the results are presented for the shape memory polymer nanocomposites containing randomly oriented carbon nanotubes. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that the interphase region plays a crucial role in the modeling of the carbon nanotube/shape memory polymer nanocomposite’s elastic moduli. It is observed that the nanocomposite’s elastic moduli remarkably increase with increasing interphase thickness or decreasing adhesion exponent. It is found that when the interphase is considered in the micromechanical simulation, the shape memory polymer nanocomposite’s elastic moduli non-linearly increase as the carbon nanotube diameter decreases. The predictions of the present micromechanical model are compared with those of other analytical methods and available experiments.


2010 ◽  
Vol 296 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glaura G. Silva ◽  
Marco-Tulio F. Rodrigues ◽  
Cristiano Fantini ◽  
Raquel S. Borges ◽  
Marcos A. Pimenta ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 2102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estefanía Sánchez-Safont ◽  
Alex Arrillaga ◽  
Jon Anakabe ◽  
Luis Cabedo ◽  
Jose Gamez-Perez

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-valerate), PHBV, is a bacterial thermoplastic biopolyester that possesses interesting thermal and mechanical properties. As it is fully biodegradable, it could be an alternative to the use of commodities in single-use applications or in those intended for composting at their end of life. Two big drawbacks of PHBV are its low impact toughness and its high cost, which limit its potential applications. In this work, we proposed the use of a PHBV-based compound with purified α-cellulose fibres and a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), with the purpose of improving the performance of PHBV in terms of balanced heat resistance, stiffness, and toughness. Three reactive agents with different functionalities have been tested in these compounds: hexametylene diisocianate (HMDI), a commercial multi-epoxy-functionalized styrene-co-glycidyl methacrylate oligomer (Joncryl® ADR-4368), and triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC). The results indicate that the reactive agents play a main role of compatibilizers among the phases of the PHBV/TPU/cellulose compounds. HMDI showed the highest ability to compatibilize the cellulose and the PHBV in the compounds, with the topmost values of deformation at break, static toughness, and impact strength. Joncryl® and TGIC, on the other hand, seemed to enhance the compatibility between the fibres and the polymer matrix as well as the TPU within the PHBV.


2016 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
pp. 569-573
Author(s):  
Sergey M. Lebedev ◽  
Olga S. Gefle ◽  
Ernar T. Amitov ◽  
Mikhail R. Predtechensky ◽  
Alexander E. Bezrodny

Novel electrically conductive SWCNT-reinforced composites were studied in this work. Incorporating SWCNT into CB/polymer composites provides lowering the percolation threshold. Adding a small quantity of single-walled carbon nanotubes into CB/polymer composites allows reducing CB content in electrically conductive composites and improving rheological and processing properties.


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