scholarly journals Diagnostic performance of LI-RADS version 2018 in differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma from other hepatic malignancies in patients with hepatitis B virus infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Shao ◽  
Yingying Liang ◽  
Sichi Kuang ◽  
Jingbiao Chen ◽  
Qungang Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hepatic Malignancies

The diagnostic performance of the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) in differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from other hepatic malignancies has not been investigated in Chinese patients with chronic liver disease from hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the LI-RADS version 2018 in differentiating HCC, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICCA), and combined HCC-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) in Chinese patients with HBV infection. Seventy consecutive HBV-infected patients with ICCA (n = 48) or cHCC-CCA (n = 22) who underwent contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) between 2006 and 2017 were enrolled along with a comparison cohort of 70 patients with HCC and CE-MRI-matched for tumor size (10–19 mm, 20–30 mm, 31–50 mm, and >50 mm). Imaging feature frequencies for each tumor type were compared using Fisher’s exact test. The classification accuracy of LR-5 and LR-M was estimated for HCC versus non-HCC (ICCA and cHCC-CCA). The interobserver agreement was good for LI-RADS categories of HCC, and moderate for non-HCC. After consensus read, 66 of 70 (94%) HCCs were categorized LR-5 (including tumor in vein [TIV] with LR-5), while 42 of 48 (88%) ICCAs and 13 of 22 (59%) cHCC-CCAs were categorized LR-M (including TIV with LR-M) (p < 0.001). Thus, assignment of LR-5 provided 94% sensitivity and 81% specificity for HCC. LR-M provided 79% sensitivity and 97% specificity for non-HCC (ICCA and cHCC-CCA); and the sensitivity and accuracy were lower in differentiating HCC from non-HCC (tumor size <20 mm). LI-RADS v2018 category 5 and M reliably differentiated HBV-related HCC from ICCA. However, a substantial proportion of cHCC-CCAs were categorized LR-5 rather than LR-M. While management is controversial for these combined tumors, accurate prospective differentiation is desired for optimal treatment.

scholarly journals Creation of a Six-fingered Artificial Transcription Factor That Represses the Hepatitis B Virus HBx Gene Integrated into a Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinghui Zhao ◽  
Zhanzhong Zhao ◽  
Junwei Guo ◽  
Peitang Huang ◽  
Xudong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Artificial Transcription Factor ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an independent risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The HBV HBx gene is frequently identified as an integrant in the chromosomal DNA of patients with HCC. HBx encodes the X protein (HBx), a putative viral oncoprotein that affects transcriptional regulation of several cellular genes. Therefore, HBx may be an ideal target to impede the progression of HBV infection–related HCC. In this study, integrated HBx was transcriptionally downregulated using an artificial transcription factor (ATF). Two three-fingered Cys2-His2 zinc finger (ZF) motifs that specifically recognized two 9-bp DNA sequences regulating HBx expression were identified from a phage-display library. The ZF domains were linked into a six-fingered protein that specified an 18-bp DNA target in the Enhancer I region upstream of HBx. This DNA-binding domain was fused with a Krüppel-associated box (KRAB) transcriptional repression domain to produce an ATF designed to downregulate HBx integrated into the Hep3B HCC cell line. The ATF significantly repressed HBx in a luciferase reporter assay. Stably expressing the ATF in Hep3B cells resulted in significant growth arrest, whereas stably expressing the ATF in an HCC cell line lacking integrated HBx (HepG2) had virtually no effect. The targeted downregulation of integrated HBx is a promising novel approach to inhibiting the progression of HBV infection–related HCC.

Discovery of novel hepatitis B virus (HBV) antivirals and analysis of mechanisms of action of HBV-targeting agents

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Andrew Douglas Huber
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Viral Inhibition ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection leads to liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Globally, an estimated 50% of all hepatocellular carcinoma cases are linked to chronic HBV infection. More than 240 million people are chronically infected, and there are 0.5-1 million deaths per year due to HBVrelated liver conditions. HBV treatment options rarely cure infections and are associated with adverse side effects that often outweigh the potential benefits of treatment. New treatments, therefore, are highly desired for HBV therapy. Towards this goal, we have developed novel compounds targeting two viral targets and assessed the mechanisms of action by which these compounds act. We have developed systems for the discovery and evaluation of compounds that inhibit 2 distinct steps in the HBV life cycle. Using these systems, we have developed potent inhibitors of HBV replication that have potential to become clinically used HBV drugs. Furthermore, we have used our methods to evaluate which properties of these compounds are likely to result in better viral inhibition. The work described in this thesis has led to at least 2 new compound groups for potential use as HBV antivirals and provides insight into mechanisms by which potent antivirals can be achieved.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnolfo Petruzziello
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Liver Cancers ◽  
B Virus

Introduction:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent primary malignant tumors and accounts for about 90% of all primary liver cancers. Its distribution varies greatly according to geographic location and it is more common in middle and low- income countries than in developed ones especially in Eastern Asia and Sub Saharan Africa (70% of all new HCCs worldwide), with incidence rates of over 20 per 100,000 individuals.Explanation:The most important risk factors for HCC are Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection, Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection, excessive consumption of alcohol and exposition to aflatoxin B1. Its geographic variability and heterogeneity have been widely associated with the different distribution of HBV and HCV infections worldwide.Chronic HBV infection is one of the leading risk factors for HCC globally accounting for at least 50% cases of primary liver tumors worldwide. Generally, while HBV is the main causative agent in the high incidence HCC areas, HCV is the major etiological factor in low incidence HCC areas, like Western Europe and North America.Conclusion:HBV-induced HCC is a complex, stepwise process that includes integration of HBV DNA into host DNA at multiple or single sites. On the contrary, the cancerogenesis mechanism of HCV is not completely known and it still remains controversial as to whether HCV itself plays a direct role in the development of tumorigenic progression.

scholarly journals Association of STAT3 and STAT4 polymorphisms with susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B virus infection and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Shi ◽  
Hongyan He ◽  
Suvash Chandra Ojha ◽  
Changfeng Sun ◽  
Juan Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Abstract Background: It has been reported that polymorphisms of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 and STAT4 might be associated with susceptibility to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and risk of chronic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Owing to limitation of sample size and inconclusive results, we conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the association. Methods: We identified relevant studies by a systematic search of Medline/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library up to 20 February 2019. The strength of the association measured by odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was studied. All the statistical analyses were conducted based on Review Manager 5.3 software. Results: A total of 5242 cases and 2717 controls from five studies were included for the STAT3 polymorphism, 5902 cases and 7867 controls from nine studies for the STAT4 polymorphism. Our results suggested that STAT3 rs1053004 polymorphism was a significant risk factor of chronic HBV infection (C vs. T: OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.07–1.29, PA=0.0007; CC + CT vs. TT: OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.09–1.76, PA=0.008). Validation with all the genetic models revealed that rs7574865 polymorphism of STAT4 gene was closely associated with chronic HBV infection (PA<0.01) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-related HCC (PA<0.05). Meanwhile, the authenticity of the above meta-analysis results was confirmed by trial sequential analysis (TSA). Conclusions: The meta-analysis showed that STAT3 rs1053004 polymorphism may be the risk for developing chronic HBV infection but not associated with HCC. The present study also indicates that STAT4 rs7574865 polymorphism increased the risk of chronic HBV infection and HCC.

scholarly journals Pre-S2 Mutant-Induced Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signal Pathways as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiao-Fang Teng ◽  
Han-Chieh Wu ◽  
Woei-Cherng Shyu ◽  
Long-Bin Jeng ◽  
Ih-Jen Su
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
B Virus

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Pre-S2 mutant represents an HBV oncoprotein that is accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and manifests as type II ground glass hepatocytes (GGHs). Pre-S2 mutant can induce ER stress and initiate multiple ER stress-dependent or -independent cellular signal pathways, leading to growth advantage of type II GGH. Importantly, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signal pathways are consistently activated throughout the liver tumorigenesis in pre-S2 mutant transgenic mice and in human HCC tissues, leading to hepatocyte proliferation, metabolic disorders, and HCC tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize the pre-S2 mutant-induced mTOR signal pathways and its implications in HBV-related HCC tumorigenesis. Clinically, the presence of pre-S2 mutant exhibits a high resistance to antiviral treatment and carries a high risk of HCC development in patients with chronic HBV infection. Targeting at pre-S2 mutant-induced mTOR signal pathways may thus provide potential strategies for the prevention or therapy of HBV-associated HCC.

scholarly journals Impact of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) X Gene Mutations on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development in Chronic HBV Infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Han Lee ◽  
Kwang-Hyub Han ◽  
Jae Myun Lee ◽  
Jeon Han Park ◽  
Hyon-Suk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
X Gene

Low incidence and high titers of antibodies to hepatitis B virus X-Protein in sera of chinese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.-H. Liang ◽  
M. Stemler ◽  
H. Will ◽  
R. Braun ◽  
Z.-Y. Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
X Protein ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Low Incidence
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