scholarly journals Epidemiology and mechanism of drug resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Beijing, China: A multi-center study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Xing Guo ◽  
Wen-Juan Hu ◽  
Ran Wei ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Bao-Ping Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Type I ◽  
School Age ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Beijing China

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is one of the most common causes of community-acquired respiratory tract infections (RTIs). We aimed to investigate the prevalence of M. pneumoniae infection, antibiotic resistance and genetic diversity of M. pneumoniae isolates across multiple centers in Beijing, China. P1 protein was detected by Nested PCR to analyze the occurrence of M. pneumoniae in pediatric patients with RTI. M. pneumoniae isolates were cultured and analyzed by Nested-PCR to determine their genotypes. Broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics. Out of 822 children with RTI admitted to 11 hospitals in Beijing, 341 (41.48%) were positive for M. pneumoniae by Nested PCR and 236 (69.21%) samples had mutations in 23S rRNA domain V. The highest proportion of M. pneumoniae positive samples was observed in school-age children (118/190; 62.11%) and in pediatric patients with pneumonia (220/389; 56.56%). Out of 341 M. pneumoniae positive samples, 99 (12.04%) isolates were successfully cultured and the MIC values were determined for 65 M. pneumoniae strains. Out of these, 57 (87.69%) strains were resistant to macrolides, and all 65 strains were sensitive to tetracyclines or quinolones. M. pneumoniae P1 type I and P1 type II strains were found in 57/65 (87.69%) and 8/65 (12.31%) of cultured isolates, respectively. Overall, we demonstrated a high prevalence of M. pneumoniae infection and high macrolide resistance of M. pneumoniae strains in Beijing. School-age children were more susceptible to M. pneumoniae, particularly the children with pneumonia. Thus, establishment of a systematic surveillance program to fully understand the epidemiology of M. pneumoniae is critical for the standardized use of antibiotics in China.

scholarly journals Prevalence, genotyping and macrolide resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae among isolates of patients with respiratory tract infections, Central Slovenia, 2006 to 2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rok Kogoj ◽  
Tatjana Mrvic ◽  
Marina Praprotnik ◽  
Darja Kese
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Tract Infections

In this retrospective study we employed real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to analyse the occurrence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae among upper and lower respiratory tract infections (RTI) in the Central Region of Slovenia between January 2006 and December 2014. We also used a culture and pyrosequencing approach to genotype strains and infer their potential macrolide resistance. Of a total 9,431 tested samples from in- and out-patient with RTI, 1,255 (13%) were found to be positive by M. pneumoniae PCR. The proportion of positive samples was 19% (947/5,092) among children (?16 years-old) and 7% (308/4,339) among adults (>16 years-old). Overall, among those PCR tested, the highest proportions of M. pneumoniae infections during the study period were observed in 2010 and 2014. In these two years, 18% (218/1,237) and 25% (721/2,844) of samples were positive respectively, indicating epidemic periods. From the 1,255 M. pneumoniae PCR-positive samples, 783 (614 from paediatric and 169 from adult patients) were successfully cultured. Of these, 40% (312/783) were constituted of strains belonging to the P1 type II genomic group, while 60% (469/783) contained strains of the P1 type I group. Two isolates comprised both P1 type I and II strains. Results of a genotype analysis by year, showed that the dominant M. pneumoniae P1 type during the 2010 epidemic was P1 type II (82% of isolates; 81/99), which was replaced by P1 type I in the 2014 epidemic (75%; 384/510). This observation could indicate that the two epidemics may have been driven by a type shift phenomenon, although both types remained present in the studied population during the assessed period of time. Only 1% of strains (7/783) were found to harbour an A2063G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene, which confers macrolide resistance, suggesting that the occurrence of M. pneumoniae macrolide resistance still seems to be sporadic in our geographic area.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Sensitivity of 40 Mycoplasma pneumoniae Isolates and Molecular Analysis of Macrolide-Resistant Isolates from Beijing, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 1108-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Min Lv ◽  
Xiaoxia Tao ◽  
Hui Huang ◽  
Binghua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Mutation ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Resistant Isolate ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Type I ◽  
Content Type ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
Beijing China

ABSTRACTMICs of eight antibiotics were detected with 40 ChineseMycoplasma pneumoniaeisolates. Thirty-eight isolates (95%) were macrolide resistant. Each macrolide-resistant isolate harbored an A2063G or A2064G point mutation in the 23S rRNA gene. All 40 isolates (100%) were type I strains, but they might have originated from different clones.

scholarly journals Role of Serum Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgA, IgM, and IgG in the Diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Related Pneumonia in School-Age Children and Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Ju Lee ◽  
Eng-Yen Huang ◽  
Chih-Min Tsai ◽  
Kuang-Che Kuo ◽  
Yi-Chuan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an important causative pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia in children. Rapid and reliable laboratory diagnosis of M. pneumoniae infection is important so that appropriate antibiotic treatment can be initiated to reduce the misuse of drugs and resistance rates. Anti-M. pneumoniae immunoglobulin M (IgM) is an indicator of recent primary infection but can persist for several months after initial infection. It has been suggested that anti-M. pneumoniae immunoglobulin A (IgA) can be a reliable indicator for recent M. pneumoniae infection in adults. We investigated the clinical diagnostic value of M. pneumoniae IgA in school-age children and adolescents with M. pneumoniae-related pneumonia. Eighty children with pneumonia and seropositive for M. pneumoniae IgM or with a 4-fold increase of anti-M. pneumoniae immunoglobulin G (IgG) were enrolled from May 2015 to March 2016. The titers of M. pneumoniae IgA, IgM, and IgG, the clinical features, and laboratory examinations of blood, C-reactive protein, and liver enzymes were analyzed. The initial positivity rates for M. pneumoniae IgM and IgA upon admission to the hospital were 63.6 and 33.8%, respectively. One week after admission, the cumulative positivity rates for M. pneumoniae IgM and IgA increased to 97.5 and 56.3%, respectively. Detection of M. pneumoniae IgM was more sensitive than detection of M. pneumoniae IgA for the diagnosis of M. pneumoniae-related pneumonia in school-age children and adolescents; however, paired sera are necessary for a more accurate diagnosis.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms of Macrolide Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae from China

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 2158-2159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deli Xin ◽  
Zuhuang Mi ◽  
Xu Han ◽  
Ling Qin ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
The Other ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Fifty clinical Mycoplasma pneumoniae strains were isolated from 370 children with respiratory tract infections. Four strains were susceptible to macrolides, while the other 46 (92%) were macrolide resistant. The molecular mechanism of resistance was shown to be associated with point mutations in 23S rRNA at positions 2063 and 2064.

scholarly journals The reduced prevalence of macrolide resistance in Mycoplasma pneumoniae clinical isolates from pediatric patients in Beijing in 2016

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiujun Tian ◽  
Ran Wei ◽  
Junyan Shao ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Infection Susceptibility ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
Beijing China ◽  
Different Levels

Older children especially from seven to thirteen years old are more prone to develop Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection; in winter children are more susceptible to infect with MP. In Beijing, China in 2016 the rates of macrolide resistance of MP were 69.48% (in total children), 61.59% (in outpatients) and 79.28% (in hospitalized patients), respectively. All the macrolide resistant isolates harbored A2063G or A2064G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene. Seven isolates showed a mixed infection. Susceptibility results showed that 73 isolates with the A2063G mutation demonstrated different levels resistance to erythromycin (MIC=8 to>256μg/ml), azithromycin (MIC=8 to>64μg/ml) and josamycin (MIC=2 to 8μg/ml). No cross-resistance was observed in the in the antibiotics of levofloxacin and tetracycline against MP.

scholarly journals Vitamin D for secondary prevention of acute wheeze attacks in preschool and school-age children

Thorax ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 977-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Stefanidis ◽  
Adrian R Martineau ◽  
Chinedu Nwokoro ◽  
Christopher J Griffiths ◽  
Andrew Bush
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tract Infections

IntroductionVitamin D is best known for its role in bone health; however, the discovery of the vitamin D receptor and the expression of the gene encoding the vitamin D 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) enzyme in a wide variety of tissues including immune cells and respiratory epithelium has led to the discovery of potential roles for vitamin D in the prevention of acute wheeze.MethodsWe review here the literature concerning the relationships between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration and secondary prevention of acute wheeze attacks in preschool and school-age children.ResultsEpidemiological data suggest that vitamin D insufficiency (25(OH)D <75 nmol/L) is highly prevalent in preschool and school-age children with wheeze. Preschool age children with a history of wheeze attacks and circulating 25(OH)D <75 nmol/L are at increased risk and frequency of future acute wheeze. However, no consistent association between low vitamin D status and risk of acute wheeze is reported in school-age children. Seven randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with relatively small sample sizes (30–430) and variable quality showed inconsistent results regarding the effect of oral vitamin D supplementation during childhood on the risk of asthma attacks, asthma symptom control, inhaled corticosteroid requirements, spirometry and unscheduled healthcare attendances for wheeze. A RCT showed that vitamin D supplementation had no effect on the frequency of unplanned healthcare attendances due to acute wheeze in 22 preschool children.DiscussionAn evidence-based recommendation for the use of vitamin D as a preventive therapy for wheeze attacks cannot be made until results of further trials are available. The assessment of circulating 25(OH)D concentration and the optimisation of vitamin D status to prevent acute respiratory tract infections, and to maintain skeletal and general health in preschool and school-age children with acute wheeze is worthwhile in its own right, but whether this will reduce the risk of acute wheeze attacks is unclear.

scholarly journals Activity of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam and Comparators When Tested against Bacterial Surveillance Isolates Collected from Pediatric Patients in the US during 2012–2016 as Part of a Global Surveillance Program

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S367-S367
Author(s):  
Dee Shortridge ◽  
Leonard R Duncan ◽  
Michael a Pfaller ◽  
Robert K Flamm
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
The Us ◽  
Clinical Breakpoints ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract Background Ceftolozane-tazobactam (C-T) is an antibacterial combination of a novel antipseudomonal cephalosporin and a β-lactamase inhibitor. C-T was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2014 and by the European Medicine Agency in 2015 to treat complicated urinary tract infections, acute pyelonephritis, and complicated intra-abdominal infections in adults. The Program to Assess Ceftolozane-Tazobactam Susceptibility (PACTS) monitors C-T resistance to gram-negative (GN) isolates worldwide. Methods A total of 4121 GN isolates were collected during 2012–2016 from pediatric patients (&lt;18 years old) in 31 US hospitals and tested for C-T susceptibility (S) by CLSI broth microdilution method in a central monitoring laboratory (JMI Laboratories). Other antibiotics tested were amikacin (AMK), cefepime (FEP), ceftazidime (CAZ), colistin (COL), levofloxacin (LVX), meropenem (MER), and piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP). Antibiotic-resistant phenotypes identified using CLSI (2017) clinical breakpoints included: carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), non-CRE extended-spectrum β-lactamase screen positive (ESBL, non-CRE), ceftazidime-nonsusceptible (CAZ-NS), and meropenem-NS (MER-NS). EUCAST (2017) COL clinical breakpoints were used for Enterobacteriaceae (ENT). Results The most common infection type in hospitalized pediatric patients was pneumonia (n = 1,488) followed by urinary tract infection (n = 1,143) and bloodstream infection (n = 767). A total of 2,969 ENT and 1,152 non-enterics were isolated. The 5 most common species were Escherichia coli (EC: 1,311), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PSA: 821 isolates), Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPN: 429), Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC: 360), and Serratia marcescens (SM: 264). Susceptibilities of C-T and comparators for the main species and resistant phenotypes are shown in the Table. Only 7 isolates were CRE in this study. Conclusion C-T demonstrated good activity against pediatric ENT isolates (96.1%S), EC (99.2%S), and KPN (97.9%S). For ENT, all agents but COL had &gt;90% S. For PSA, C-T demonstrated potent activity (99.5%S) and was the most potent antibiotic tested with activity similar to COL. Disclosures D. Shortridge, Merck: Research Contractor, Research grant; L. R. Duncan, Merck: Research Contractor, Research grant; M. A. Pfaller, Merck: Research Contractor, Research grant; R. K. Flamm, Merck: Research Contractor, Research grant

scholarly journals Emergence of Macrolide-Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae with a 23S rRNA Gene Mutation

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 2302-2306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyuki Morozumi ◽  
Keiko Hasegawa ◽  
Reiko Kobayashi ◽  
Nagako Inoue ◽  
Satoshi Iwata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Acute Bronchitis ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
Pediatric Outpatients ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Domain V ◽  
Epidemiol Infect

ABSTRACT A total of 195 Mycoplasma pneumoniae strains were isolated from 2,462 clinical specimens collected between April 2002 and March 2004 from pediatric outpatients with respiratory tract infections. Susceptibilities to six macrolide antibiotics (ML), telithromycin, minocycline, levofloxacin, and sitafloxacin were determined by the microdilution method using PPLO broth. A total of 183 M. pneumoniae isolates were susceptible to all agents and had excellent MIC90s in the following order: 0.00195 μg/ml for azithromycin and telithromycin, 0.0078 μg/ml for clarithromycin, 0.0156 μg/ml for erythromycin, 0.0625 μg/ml for sitafloxacin, 0.5 μg/ml for minocycline, and 1 μg/ml for levofloxacin. Notably, 12 ML-resistant M. pneumoniae strains were isolated from patients with pneumonia (10 strains) or acute bronchitis (2 strains). These strains showed resistance to ML with MICs of ≥1 μg/ml, except to rokitamycin. Transition mutations of A2063G or A2064G, which correspond to A2058 and A2059 in Escherichia coli, in domain V on the 23S rRNA gene in 11 ML-resistant strains were identified. By pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing, these strains were classified into groups I and Vb, as described previously (A. Cousin-Allery, A. Charron, B. D. Barbeyrac, G. Fremy, J. S. Jensen, H. Renaudin, and C. Bebear, Epidemiol. Infect. 124:103-111, 2000). These findings suggest that excessive usage of MLs acts as a trigger to select mutations on the corresponding 23S rRNA gene with the resultant occurrence of ML-resistant M. pneumoniae. Monitoring ML susceptibilities for M. pneumoniae is necessary in the future.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document