scholarly journals Serum Growth Hormone and Glucose Levels in Acute Exercise and in the Recovery Period in Athletes

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elma Kučukalić-Selimović ◽  
Almira Hadžović-Džuvo ◽  
Emina Nakaš-Ićindić ◽  
Zdenka Dražeta
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Work Intensity ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Serum Gh ◽  
Insulin Like Activity

Growth hormone exerts several metabolic effects, including effects on proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Among the many metabolic activities of GH, two contradictory actions were described: acute and early insulin-like activity and chronic and late anti-insulin like activity also called diabetogenic activity. A dramatic increase in plasma concentration of GH was found during endurance exercise, but its role during exercise is not well known. According to its metabolic effects a possible role of growth hormone may be in maintenance of glucose level during exercise. The aim of this study was to analyze dynamics of changes in GH and glucose levels during acute workload and in the recovery period, in a group of well trained athletes. All the subjects exercised for 30 minutes on cycle ergometer in sitting position (work intensity 50% of VO2 max, RPM 60/min). Serum GH concentrations were measured by IRMA (immunoradiometric assays) method in blood samples obtained at rest and 6-min intervals during exercise, and 15-min intervals during recovery period. Serum glucose levels were determined by standard enzymatic method glucose oxidase (GOD PAP) at the same intervals. There were no correlations between serum GH and glucose levels either during exercise or in the recovery period. There were no differences between glucose levels during exercise, so we can not exclude possible role of GH in glucose concentration maintenance.

scholarly journals Effect of acute exercise on serum growth hormone and fatty acid levels in elite male water polo players

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-361
Author(s):  
Marina Djelic ◽  
Sanja Mazic ◽  
Jasna Tepsic ◽  
D. Nesic ◽  
Biljana Lazovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Water Polo ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Incremental Protocol ◽  
Serum Gh

The aim of study was to estimate the effect of acute exercise on serum growth hormone (GH) and fatty acid (FFA) levels in elite water polo players. Twelve male water polo players (20.50 ? 2.02 years) and eleven non-athletic male subjects (20.55 ? 1.04 years) participated in this study. In order to determine GH and FFA responses to acute exercise, a treadmill-running test was performed following an incremental protocol. Pre-exercise blood samples for both athletes and non-athletes were taken at 9 AM. Post-exercise samples were taken immediately after and 30 min after the treadmill running test. Water polo players had significantly lower baseline values of serum GH concentration compared to controls, whereas serum FFA concentration was significantly higher in water polo players compared to controls (p<0.01; p<0.05, respectively). In both groups, concentration of GH was significantly higher immediately after and after the 30-min of recovery compared to baseline levels (p<0.05). In water polo players, the concentration of FFA was significantly decreased immediately after and after the 30-min of recovery compared to baseline levels (p<0.05). No significant response to maximal exercise test was observed in the control group for serum FFA concentration. Our research indicates that acute exercise resulted in a significant increase in serum GH and reduction in fatty acid levels in elite water polo players.

scholarly journals No Influence of Body Composition on Serum Growth Hormone Response to Acute Dynamic Exercise

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Emina Nakaš-Ićindić ◽  
Almira Hadžović ◽  
Elma Kučukalić-Selimović ◽  
Nesina Avdagić ◽  
Asija Zaćiragić
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Hormone Response ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Physical Effort ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Serum Gh

Physical effort is a strong physiological stimulus that provokes an increase in blood growth hormone (GH) concentration. Interactions between GH and body composition are very complex. Seven athletes and seven age-matched controls completed a single 30-min bout of upright cycling exercise (5 % of VO(2max).) in order to estimate the influence of body composition on serum GH concentration during exercise. The serum GH concentration was measured in blood samples by standard immunoradiometric (IRMA) method. Anthropometric measurements were used for the calculation of body composition. There were no significant differences in total body mass or body mass index between the groups. The athletes had significantly less fat and higher bone and muscle mass. Serum GH concentration was 2.39 times higher in the athlets versus the control in the period of rest. During acute exercise, the serum GH concentration increased in both groups. No statistically significant differences between the groups in serum GH concentration were found either during the exercise or in the recovery. No correlation between body composition and serum GH concentration was found. Body composition depends on the level of physical activities but if the total body mass is in physiologycal range it does not influence the serum GH response to acute exercise.

THE EFFECT OF THE PROGESTOGEN ETHYNODIOL DIACETATE ON GLUCOSE, INSULIN, AND GROWTH HORMONE AFTER SIX MONTHS TREATMENT

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Spellacy ◽  
W. C. Buhi ◽  
S. A. Birk
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Ethynodiol Diacetate ◽  
Tolerance Curve

ABSTRACT Seventy-one women were treated with a daily dose of 0.25 mg of the progestogen ethynodiol diacetate. They were all tested with a three-hour oral glucose tolerance test before beginning the steroid and then again during the sixth month of use. Measurements were made of blood glucose and plasma insulin and growth hormone levels. There was a significant elevation of the blood glucose levels after steroid treatment as well as a deterioration in the tolerance curve in 12.9% of the women. The plasma insulin values were also elevated after drug treatment whereas the fasting ambulatory growth hormone levels did not significantly change. There was a significant association between the changes in glucose and insulin levels and the subject's age, control weight, or weight gain during treatment. The importance of considering the metabolic effects of the progestogen component of oral contraceptives is stressed.

scholarly journals Dietary starch promotes hepatic lipogenesis in barramundi (Lates calcarifer)

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-373
Author(s):  
N. M. Wade ◽  
L. H. Trenkner ◽  
I. Viegas ◽  
L. C. Tavares ◽  
M. Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Lates Calcarifer ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Fractional Synthetic Rate ◽  
Dietary Starch

AbstractBarramundi (Lates calcarifer) are a highly valued aquaculture species, and, as obligate carnivores, they have a demonstrated preference for dietary protein over lipid or starch to fuel energetic growth demands. In order to investigate how carnivorous fish regulate nutritional cues, we examined the metabolic effects of feeding two isoenergetic diets that contained different proportions of digestible protein or starch energy. Fish fed a high proportion of dietary starch energy had a higher proportion of liver SFA, but showed no change in plasma glucose levels, and few changes in the expression of genes regulating key hepatic metabolic pathways. Decreased activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin growth signalling cascade was consistent with decreased growth performance values. The fractional synthetic rate (lipogenesis), measured by TAG 2H-enrichment using 2H NMR, was significantly higher in barramundi fed with the starch diet compared with the protein diet (0·6 (se 0·1) v. 0·4 (se 0·1) % per d, respectively). Hepatic TAG-bound glycerol synthetic rates were much higher than other closely related fish such as sea bass, but were not significantly different (starch, 2·8 (se 0·3) v. protein, 3·4 (se 0·3) % per d), highlighting the role of glycerol as a metabolic intermediary and high TAG-FA cycling in barramundi. Overall, dietary starch significantly increased hepatic TAG through increased lipogenesis. Compared with other fish, barramundi possess a unique mechanism to metabolise dietary carbohydrates and this knowledge may define ways to improve performance of advanced formulated feeds.

GROWTH HORMONE LEVELS IN NORMOGLYCEMIC AND HYPOGLYCEMIC INFANTS BORN SMALL FOR GESTATIONAL AGE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-199
Author(s):  
James R. Humbert ◽  
Ronald W. Gotlin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Appropriate For Gestational Age ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Serum Gh

Recent investigations have raised the possibility that growth hormone (GH) influences intra-uterine weight and length. Moreover, the hypoglycemic tendency of small for gestational age (FSGA) infants and their small size could result from GH deficiency. To verify these hypotheses, a prospective study of daily serum GH and glucose levels was conducted in 46 newborn infants, including 18 FSCA infants, 18-full-term, appropriate for gestational age (FAGA), and 10 premature (PR) infants. Two FSGA babies became hypoglycemic. Both manifested normal GH competence as evidenced by normal daily GH levels, adequate GH response to arginine provocation, and satisfactory growth for over 2 years. Eleven of 12 FSGA babies followed from 14 to 26 months showed no evidence of impaired linear growth. The FSGA babies had GH values similar in magnitude and pattern to those of FAGA and PR infants. During the second half of the first postnatal day, a significant rise in serum GH occurred in all infants regardless of their size or gestational age; this rise may be the result of the stimulating effect of early milk feedings. GH deficiency does not appear to contribute to either the small size or hypoglycemic tendency of FSGA newborn infants.

scholarly journals Chronic rapamycin treatment causes diabetes in male mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (4) ◽  
pp. R434-R443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine E. Schindler ◽  
Uttara Partap ◽  
Bonnie K. Patchen ◽  
Steven J. Swoap
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Rapamycin Treatment ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Glucose Levels

Current evidence indicates that the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor rapamycin both increases longevity and, seemingly contradictorily, impairs glucose homeostasis. Most studies exploring the dimensions of this paradox have been based on rapamycin treatment in mice for up to 20 wk. We sought to better understand the metabolic effects of oral rapamycin over a substantially longer period of time in HET3 mice. We observed that treatment with rapamycin for 52 wk induced diabetes in male mice, characterized by hyperglycemia, significant urine glucose levels, and severe glucose and pyruvate intolerance. Glucose intolerance occurred in male mice by 4 wk on rapamycin and could be only partially reversed with cessation of rapamycin treatment. Female mice developed moderate glucose intolerance over 1 yr of rapamycin treatment, but not diabetes. The role of sex hormones in the differential development of diabetic symptoms in male and female mice was further explored. HET3 mice treated with rapamycin for 52 wk were gonadectomized and monitored over 10 wk. Castrated male mice remained glucose intolerant, while ovariectomized females developed significant glucose intolerance over the same time period. Subsequent replacement of 17β-estradiol (E2) in ovariectomized females promoted a recovery of glucose tolerance over a 4-wk period, suggesting the protective role of E2against rapamycin-induced diabetes. These results indicate that 1) oral rapamycin treatment causes diabetes in male mice, 2) the diabetes is partially reversible with cessation of treatment, and 3) E2plays a protective role against the development of rapamycin-induced diabetes.

Growth hormone in exercise: comparison of physiological and pharmacological stimuli

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sutton ◽  
L. Lazarus
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Insulin Hypoglycemia ◽  
Arginine Infusion ◽  
Provocative Test ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Ergometer Exercise ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
Serum Gh

This study was designed to compare the serum growth hormone (GH) response with quantified exercise to that obtained with other stimuli. In eight normal males, aged 21–24 yr, we studied the serum GH response to 20 min cycle ergometer exercise at 300, 600, and 900 kpm/min on three separate occasions and compared the results with those found during sleep, insulin hypoglycemia, arginine infusion, and L-DOPA. Exercise at 900 kpm/min and insulin hypoglycemia resulted in the greatest elevations in serum GH which weresignificantly greater than those found with sleep, arginine or L-DOPA. The 20-min exercise at 900 kpm/min represented 75–90% of the subjects' maximal oxygen uptake and is a suitable provocative test for GH secretion. As a screening test for pituitary GH reserve, exercise compares favorably with insulin hypoglycemia and is superior to sleep, arginine, and L-DOPA.

Responses of IGF-I to endogenous increases in growth hormone after heavy-resistance exercise

1995 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 1310-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Kraemer ◽  
B. A. Aguilera ◽  
M. Terada ◽  
R. U. Newton ◽  
J. M. Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Heavy Resistance Exercise ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a heavy-resistance exercise protocol known to dramatically elevate immunoreactive growth hormone (GH) on circulating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) after the exercise stimulus. Seven men (23.1 +/- 2.4 yr) volunteered to participate in this study. Each subject was asked to perform an eight-station heavy-resistance exercise protocol consisting of 3 sets of 10 repetition maximum resistances with 1-min rest between sets and exercises followed by a recovery day. In addition, a control day followed a nonexercise day to provide baseline data. Pre- and postexercise (0, 15, and 30 min) blood samples were obtained and analyzed for lactate, creatinine kinase, GH, and IGF-I. Postexercise values for lactate and GH were significantly (P < 0.05) elevated above preexercise and resting baseline values. The highest mean GH concentration after the heavy-resistance exercise protocol was 23.8 +/- 11.8 micrograms/l, observed at the immediate postexercise time point. Significant increases in creatine kinase were observed after the exercise protocol and during the recovery day. No significant relationships were observed between creatine kinase and IGF-I concentrations. No significant changes in serum IGF-I concentrations were observed with acute exercise or between the recovery and control days. Thus, these data demonstrate that a high-intensity bout of heavy-resistance exercise that increases circulating GH did not appear to affect IGF-I concentrations over a 24-h recovery period in recreationally strength-trained and healthy young men.

Food intake alters the serum growth hormone response to bovine growth hormone-releasing factor in meal-fed Holstein steers

1988 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Moseley ◽  
G. R. Alaniz ◽  
W. H. Claflin ◽  
L. F. Krabill
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Hormone Response ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Sham Feeding ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Time Of Feeding ◽  
Serum Gh

ABSTRACT The hypothesis that endocrine or nutritional factors related to feeding may affect pituitary responsiveness to an acute challenge with bovine GH-releasing factor (1–44)-NH2 (GRF) was examined in steers. In these experiments, either steers were trained to consume their total daily food allotment in a 2-h period (meal-fed) or food was withheld at the normal time of feeding (sham-fed). In the first of three experiments, the serum GH pattern was determined around the time of feeding in meal-fed and sham-fed steers. The temporal GH rhythm in both groups appeared to be synchronized to the time of feeding, with limited pulsatile GH activity occurring 2–3 h after feeding. Baseline secretion of GH and total area under the GH response curve were lower (P<0·01) in meal-fed compared with sham-fed steers. In the second experiment, 50 μg GRF was injected i.v. in meal-fed steers at −4, −2, 0, + 2, +4, +6 and + 8 h relative to the time of feeding. The number of steers responding to GRF (53%), the amplitude of the GH peak (15·8 μg/l) and the area under the GH response curve (0·6 arbitrary units) were lower (P< 0·001) after than before feeding (90 ± 6 (s.e.m.)%, 61·3 ± 3·2 μg/l and 2·0 ± 0·3 units respectively). Of those steers responding to GRF, the GH response was significantly reduced following feeding compared with before feeding. In the third experiment, 50 μg GRF was injected i.v. in sham-fed steers at −4, −2, 0, +4 and +6 h relative to the time of sham-feeding. The amplitude of the GRF-induced GH peak (55·4 ± 9·3 μg/l), time to the GH peak (12 ± 2 min) and area under the GH response curve (0·8 ± 4 units) were not significantly different (P>0·1) among the different times of injection of GRF before or after sham-feeding. Apparently factors associated with the ingestion of feed can modulate the release of GH from the pituitary as evidenced by (a) the synchronization of the GH pattern to the time of feeding, and (b) the reduction of the serum GH response to i.v. injection of GRF following feeding. J. Endocr. (1988) 117, 253–259

scholarly journals Insulin and glucagon share the same mechanism of neuroprotection in diabetic rats: role of glutamate

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (3) ◽  
pp. R668-R673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Abu Fanne ◽  
Taher Nassar ◽  
Samuel N. Heyman ◽  
Nuha Hijazi ◽  
Abd Al-Roof Higazi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

In patients with acute ischemic stroke, diabetes and hyperglycemia are associated with increased infarct size, more profound neurologic deficits and higher mortality. Notwithstanding extensive clinical and experimental data, treatment of stroke-associated hyperglycemia with insulin is controversial. In addition to hyperglycemia, diabetes and even early prediabetic insulin resistance are associated with increased levels of amino acids, including the neurotoxic glutamate, in the circulation. The pleiotropic metabolic effects of insulin include a reduction in the concentration of amino acids in the circulation. In this article, we show that in diabetic rats exposed to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion, a decrease of plasma glutamate by insulin or glucagon reduces CSF glutamate, improves brain histology, and preserves neurologic function. The neuroprotective effect of insulin and glucagon was similar, notwithstanding their opposite effects on blood glucose. The therapeutic window of both hormones overlapped with the short duration (∼30 min) of elevated brain glutamate following brain trauma in rodents. Similar neuroprotective effects were found after administration of the glutamate scavenger oxaloacetate, which does not affect glucose metabolism. These data indicate that insulin and glucagon exert a neuroprotective effect within a very brief therapeutic window that correlates with their capacity to reduce glutamate, rather than by modifying glucose levels.

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