scholarly journals Saliva and Serum Lithium Monitoring in Hospitalized Patients and Possibility to Replace Serum to Saliva

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafija Serdarević ◽  
Franc Kozjek ◽  
Ivan Malešič
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Elimination Half ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student Test ◽  
High Level

The lithium ions concentration in human serum and saliva was determined using dry-slide technology Vitros 250 Analyser (Ortho Clinical Diagnostic) and atomic absorption spectrometry Perkin Elmer 403 (AAS). We analyzed lithium ions in 100 serum and saliva specimens of patients after oral administration of lithium carbonate (3 x 300 mg) Jadran, Galen Laboratory Rijeka. Saliva and blood were taken 2 and 12 hours after the last dose. At the same time lithium ions at samples of blood and saliva were determined with both methods which showed high level of correlation. The mean difference of lithium ions between saliva and serum was statistically significant for p<0.05 using t student test. At saliva we got constant of elimination Kel = 0.02(-1)h and elimination half life (t(1/2)) was t(1/2)=34.6 h. For serum was t(1/2)= 24 h what means that lithium ions elimination is slower from saliva then from serum. That is the reason why probably concentration at saliva is higher then at serum. Lithium elimination is two compartment pharmacokinetic model where important part of compartment are saliva and salivary glands. At a certain point in medical treatment it could be expected to use controlled determination of lithium ions in saliva with serum as control.

scholarly journals Comparison of Vitros Dry Slide Technology for Determination of Lithium Ions with Other Methods

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Nafija Serdarević ◽  
Ivan Malešić ◽  
Franc Kozjek
Keyword(s):  
Reference Method ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
T Test ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Control Precision ◽  
Aas Method ◽  
Sera Samples

The lithium ions concentration in human serum was determined using Dry-slide technology Vitros 250 Analyser (Ortho Clinical Diagnostic), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) method Perkin Elmer 403 and ion-selective electrode (ISE) potentiometry AVL 9181. We compared lithium ions results in sample sera between these methods. Our reference method was AAS. We analyzed lithium ions concentration in 23 sera samples of patients after oral administration of lithium carbonate (3x 300mg) Jadran, Galen Laboratory Rijeka, by dry-slide technology, AAS and ISE methods. The quality control, precision, reproducibility and accuracy for Vitros dry slide technology were assessed. We established that the main difference between AAS method and dry slide technology was not statistically significant at p< 0.05 according to Student t-test. Therefore, the dry slide technology may be a useful alternative or it may even replace other methods, such as AAS. The main difference between dry slide technology and ISE methods was statistically significant at p<0.05 using Student t-test. By ISE method, we obtained considerably higher results, which may be explained by the presence of electrolytes or medicaments interfering with lithium ions.

scholarly journals Determination of trace elements in the plants of Mt. Bozdag, Izmir, Turkey

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Yildiz ◽  
I. Kula ◽  
G. Ay ◽  
S. Baslar ◽  
Y. Dogan
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Current Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Herbaceous And Woody Plants ◽  
Made In

The aim of this study was to determine the current level of atmospheric heavy metal content on the Bozdag Mountain of the Aegean Region, Turkey. Twenty nine different plants were selected to study their potential as biomonitors of trace elements such as Ni, Zn, Fe, Pb, Mn and Cd (?g g-1, dry weight). The samples were collected from two different altitudes of Mt. Bozdag. The concentrations of trace elements were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean concentrations determined at 1000 m altitude ranged from 0.025 to 1.609, 0.232 to 0.731, 0.578 to 5.983, 0.287 to 0.565 and 0.176 to 2.659 (?g g-1, dry weight), for Ni, Zn, Fe, Pb and Mn, respectively. At the altitude of 1600 m, the values ranged from 0.023 to 0.939, 0.258 to 1.254, 0.839 to 5.176, 0.301 to 1.341 and 0.405 to 3.351 (?g g-1, dry weight) for Ni, Zn, Fe, Pb and Mn, respectively. No Cd was detected at either altitude. Statistical significance was determined by the independent sample t-test and comparisons were made in order to determine if there were any differences between the averages of herbaceous and woody plants. .

Statistical Modeling of Pharmacokinetic Systems

1976 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Tsokos ◽  
C. P. Tsokos
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Compartmental Model ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Numerical Comparison ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Intravenous And Oral Administration ◽  
Initial Drug

A statistical treatment of a pharmacokinetic compartmental model is described, wherein the initial drug concentration and/or the rate constants governing the distribution of the drug between the appropriate compartments are considered to be random variables. A specific pharmacokinetic model which describes the profile of the antibiotic coumermycin A, following intravenous and oral administration in man, is stochastized and a numerical comparison between the deterministic and the mean of the random solutions as a function of time is presented.

Determination of Aluminum in Wines by Direct Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Larroque ◽  
Jean C Cabanis ◽  
Laurence Vian
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Single Beam ◽  
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fortified Wines

Abstract A simple method for direct routine determination of aluminum in wine by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry is described. This procedure allows good sensitivity by inclusion of a cool-down step before atomization. The detection limit obtained with a single-beam apparatus was 1.5 μg/L. Recoveries of aluminum in red, white, and fortified wines ranged from 91.7 to 109.5%. Aluminum was determined in 98 red table wines from the south of France. The mean aluminum content was 0.763 mg/L (range, 0.25–2.55 mg/L). In addition, the ability of the wine to dissolve the aluminum in the crown cap was shown.

Determination of iron, copper, manganese and zinc in the soils, grapes and wines of the Azores

OENO One ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Teresa Ribeiro de Lima ◽  
Mary T. Kelly ◽  
Marie-Thérèse Cabanis ◽  
Geneviève Cassanas ◽  
Lurdes Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Iron Manganese

<p style="text-align: justify;">This paper describes the determination of iron, copper, manganese and zinc in the soils, grapes and wines of the three viticultural regions of the Azores. Iron, copper and zinc were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and manganese by graphite furnace atomic absorption. The concentrations of the four elements differed in soils of the three regions; there was no difference in the concentration in grapes, whereas significant differences were observed for the wines as regards the amounts of iron, manganese and zinc. The concentrations of these four elements in wine correspond with the mean values observed for other European regions.</p>

scholarly journals Determination of Lithium in Human Serum by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara González ◽  
Miguel Navarro ◽  
Herminia López ◽  
María C López ◽  
Vidal Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Graphite Tube ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Triton X

Abstract An efficient method was developed for the determination of nanogram levels of lithium in biological samples. Serum samples from human subjects from southeastern Spain, treated or not treated with lithium carbonate, were analyzed by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. The samples were previously treated with a matrix modifier consisting of 0.1%Triton X-100 and injected through a graphite tube with L'vov platform. The Li concentrations measured by the procedure described for the 3 certified reference samples used were not significantly different (p &gt; 0.05) than certified levels. Sample recoveries and variability during several days, with coefficients of variation from 4.00 to 14.8%, demonstrated the reliability and accuracy of this technique. Mean Li concentration determined in the serum of individuals with psychiatric disorders treated with Li (n = 117, 5.077 ± 1.795 μg Li/mL) was significantly higher (p &lt; 0.001) than that in individuals not treated with Li (n = 24, 1.902 ± 2.054 ng Li/mL).

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetic - pharmacodynamic model and ampicillin residue depletion after intramammary administration in cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Burmańczuk ◽  
Zbigniew Roliński ◽  
Cezary Kowalski ◽  
Rafał Zań
Keyword(s):  
Compartmental Analysis ◽  
Physiological Solution ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Elimination Half ◽  
Residue Depletion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Made In

Abstract Introduction: The objective of this study was to describe a pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) approach for determination of a rational dosage of ampicillin (AMP) and depletion of the antibiotic residues in milk after intramammary administration to cows. Material and Methods: The cows came from different farms from the Lublin Province area. They (n = 9) received 5 g of the drug, containing 75 mg of AMP sodium in physiological solution, through a syringe tube by intramammary administration. Following single intramammary administration, the milk samples (5 mL) were collected after 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 24, 36, 48, and 60 h. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was performed on the Agilent 1200 system connected to an AB Sciex API 4000™ mass spectrometer. The pharmacokinetic analysis of the concentrations of the antibiotic in milk was performed using software Phoenix® WinNonlin® 6.4. Calculations were made in non-compartmental (slopes, highest, amounts, and moments) and compartmental analysis. Results: The pharmacokinetic characteristics of AMP after intramammary administration indicate rapid elimination of the drug from milk. The mean residence time had a several-fold lower value than the designated elimination half-life and amounts to only 3.4 h. The concentration of the drug in the milk dropped relatively quickly and the process was very dynamic. Conclusion: The conducted research confirms the rationale of using the PK/PD model in order to verify the dosing regimen for other antibiotic groups and various indicators of the applied PK/PD model.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination and Pharmacokinetic Study of Quercetin, Luteolin, and Apigenin in Rat Plasma after Oral Administration of Matricaria chamomilla L. Extract by HPLC-UV

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxv Dong ◽  
Wei Lan ◽  
Xingbin Yin ◽  
Chunjing Yang ◽  
Wenping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Maximum Plasma Concentration ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Matricaria Chamomilla ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lower Limits

A simple and sensitive HPLC-UV method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin in rat plasma after oral administration of Matricaria chamomilla L. extract. The flow rate was set at 1.0 ml/min and the detection wavelength was kept at 350 nm. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.11–11.36 μg/ml for quercetin, 0.11–11.20 μg/ml for luteolin, and 0.11–10.60 μg/ml for apigenin, respectively. The intraday and interday precisions (RSD) were less than 8.32 and 8.81%, respectively. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) of the three compounds were 0.11 μg/ml. The mean recoveries for quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin were 99.11, 95.62, and 95.21%, respectively. Stability studies demonstrated that the three compounds were stable in the preparation and analytical process. The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was 0.29 ± 0.06, 3.04 ± 0.60, and 0.42 ± 0.10 μg/ml, respectively. The time to reach the maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) was 0.79 ± 0.25, 0.42 ± 0.09, and 0.51 ± 0.13 h, respectively. The validated method was successfully applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics study of quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin in rat plasma after oral administration of M. chamomilla extract.

Atomic absorption spectrometric determination of selenium in human blood components.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Hansson ◽  
J Pettersson ◽  
L Eriksson ◽  
A Olin
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hydride Generation ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Selenium Content ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometric ◽  
Number Of Cells

Abstract We separated blood from five healthy blood donors into plasma, erythrocytes, platelets, and leukocytes; counted the number of cells in each fraction; and determined the selenium content of each component by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean (+/- SD) selenium concentrations and amounts measured were as follows: whole blood 102.3 +/- 16.1 micrograms/L, plasma 76.9 +/- 10.6 micrograms/L, erythrocytes 13.7 +/- 2.8 ag per cell, platelets 4.8 +/- 1.1 ag per cell, and leukocytes 99 +/- 26 ag per cell.

scholarly journals MICROBIAL FOOD SAFETY OF STREET FOODSAROUND THE VICINITY OF LSPU - SCCREGINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Regina E. Gloria ◽  
◽  
Ph. D Mary Jane D. Fuentes ◽  
DPA Zenaida O. Vitasa Ed. D. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
A Value ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

Knowing the number of pathogenic microbes in the street foods such as Escherichia coli, coliform, and molds present in street foods around the vicinity of LSPU – SCC was the focused of the study. Determination of the quality of the street foods such as banana cue, kikiam, kwek – kwek, minane, and siomai of which has a high level of safety in the street food around the vicinity of LSPU – SCC were considered. This study utilized the Descriptive research design and the mean in testing and gathering of data. The results reveled that all the street foods tested were safe from E. coli with the mean of ocfu/g and all at lss than 10 cfu/g or 0 count which gathered Satisfactory remarks. However, the findings revealed that the banana cue, minane and siomai were safe from coliform while kwek and kikiam were not with a value of 2800 cfu/g. In addition, all the street foods tested were safe from molds and the total mean of all the microbes present were 987.47 cfu/g which means that the street foods were Unsatisfactory level with 100cfu/g and above count and revealed that only banana cue, minane, and siomai are safe for human consumption while large amount of microbes were found in kikiam, and kwek -kwek which means that they are not safe for human and may cause disease.

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