scholarly journals Clinicopathologic Aspects of Ecthyma Gangrenosum in Pediatric Patients a Case Series and Review of the Literature

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangru Lian
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Ecthyma Gangrenosum

scholarly journals Masses of the Sternoclavicular Area: Case Series and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117955652110216
Author(s):  
Parisa Oviedo ◽  
Morgan Bliss
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Incision And Drainage ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Ganglion Cysts ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Bronchogenic Cysts

Objective: Masses of the sternoclavicular area are rare, and are not well described in the literature. We aim to present a series of patients with masses in this location and to review all reported English language cases of sternoclavicular masses in pediatric patients. Methods: This is a case series of pediatric patients with masses of the sternoclavicular area presenting to a tertiary care pediatric hospital from 2010 through 2017. Data was collected by using ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes to query the electronic medical record. Chart review included age at presentation, mass characteristics, medical and surgical interventions, and pathology results. A review of the literature was then performed. Results: Ten patients with masses overlying the sternoclavicular area were identified. Four patients presented with abscess and were treated with incision and drainage. Three of these patients were then treated with staged excision once infection cleared. Two additional patients were treated with primary excision. Four patients were treated with observation. The most common histopathologic finding was epidermoid. One patient was found to have a dermoid cyst, and 1 had a congenital cartilaginous rest. Conclusion: Epidermoids and dermoids are the most common masses overlying the sternoclavicular area. Controversy remains regarding the embryologic origin of sternoclavicular masses. The differential for masses in this area also includes branchial remnants, bronchogenic cysts, ganglion cysts, or septic arthritis.

scholarly journals Pediatric Digital Necrosis Secondary to Dressing Application: A Case Series

Hand ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. NP14-NP16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim A. Bjorklund ◽  
Dahlia M. Rice ◽  
Ashley N. Amalfi
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Digital Ischemia ◽  
Digital Necrosis ◽  
Risks Factors ◽  
Thumb Sucking ◽  
Improve Patient

Background: Pediatric digital necrosis resulting in revision amputation is a devastating outcome following digital dressing application. Methods: We report a series of 4 pediatric patients (age: 21 months-11 years) who presented for surgical consultation related to digital ischemia and irreversible necrosis following the application of Coban digital dressings. A review of the literature demonstrated that such injuries had not previously been described. Results: In our case series, Coban dressing was utilized as a deterrent for thumb sucking, fingertip tuft fractures with nail bed lacerations, and a phalanx fracture secondary to crush injury. All 4 children suffered digital necrosis secondary to Coban dressings and ultimately required revision amputation. Conclusions: We discuss risks factors, application practices, and strategies to minimize complications with digital dressings in the pediatric population with the intent of creating awareness among hand surgeons to help promote safe practices and improve patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Intravenous and Oral Posaconazole Pharmacokinetics in a Five-Year-Old With Mucor: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 528-533
Author(s):  
Matthew O. Ruland ◽  
Tosha A. Egelund ◽  
John S. Ng ◽  
Scott M. Bradfield ◽  
Eric F. Egelund
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Pediatric Use

Posaconazole is a lipophilic triazole antifungal that exhibits variable absorption when administered orally. It possesses a broad spectrum of activity against various fungi, such as Aspergillus and traditionally resistant molds such as Rhizopus and Mucor, which carry a poor prognosis. Unfortunately, the tablet and suspension formulations of posaconazole are Food and Drug Administration approved for treatment of fungal diseases only in patients older than 13 years of age. Furthermore, the approval of the IV formulation is exclusively for adult patients. Nevertheless, the extended spectrum of activity and available dosage forms make it an attractive option for pediatric use. The data that exist to guide dosing of posaconazole in young pediatric patients are limited primarily to case series and case reports. Thus, we recommend therapeutic drug monitoring to ensure both safety and efficacy in pediatric patients. Herein we describe our experience with both oral and IV posaconazole in the salvage therapy of a 5-year-old female with extensive cutaneous Mucor. In contrast to previous reports, which show larger doses may be necessary to obtain therapeutic concentrations in pediatric patients as compared with adults, our patient reached targeted concentrations with weight-based dosing.

The Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin in Pediatric Chronic Migraine: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 844-851
Author(s):  
Raymundo Marcelo ◽  
Brin Freund
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Chronic Migraine ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Control

Aims: To conduct a review of the literature on the use of botulinum toxin for the treatment of pediatric chronic migraine. Methods: A review of the literature was performed using EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane/Ovid. Using our inclusion and exclusion criteria, we targeted any study, published before April 2020, evaluating the efficacy of botulinum toxin in migraineurs younger than 18 years. Results: Seven studies were included: 2 retrospective analyses, 3 case series, a case report, and a randomized control trial. Studies included 1 to 125 patients, with the number of botulinum toxin treatments ranging from 1 to 11 treatments. The results of the randomized controlled trial showed nonsuperiority between placebo and botulinum toxin. Results of the other studies were generally favorable but were difficult to compare because of lack of standardization of botulinum toxin dosing, injection paradigm, frequency and duration of treatment, usage of accompanying prophylaxis, and variation in outcome measures across studies. There was low-quality evidence that botulinum toxin improved headache frequency and intensity, though some studies demonstrated efficacy in treatment with botulinum toxin. Conclusion: This review is the first of its kind, updating the literature on the efficacy of botulinum toxin in pediatric patients. Given evidence of its utility in treating pediatric migraines, off-label use should be considered in certain cases. Further study is warranted to better characterize injection paradigms and patient selection because of the limited and inconsistent data available.

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