scholarly journals The contribution of excise cigarette taxes on the decline in youth smoking in Canada during the time of the Federal Tobacco Control Strategy (2002–2012)

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. e117-e123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phongsack Manivong ◽  
Sam Harper ◽  
Erin Strumpf
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Cigarette Taxes

scholarly journals Analysis of the illicit tobacco market in Georgia in response to fiscal and non-fiscal tobacco control measures

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056404
Author(s):  
Megan Little ◽  
Hana Ross ◽  
George Bakhturidze ◽  
Iago Kachkachishvili
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Control Law ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Cigarette Taxes ◽  
Illicit Trade ◽  
Cigarette Pack

BackgroundGeorgian illicit cigarette consumption was 1.5% in 2017. In 2018, a new tobacco control law took effect followed by a substantial cigarette excise tax increase in 2019. Research shows these policies reduce tobacco consumption, but the tobacco industry argues they increase illicit trade. There is limited evidence on this, particularly from developing countries.MethodsA panel household survey in Georgia obtained data over three waves: 2017 baseline, 2018 after the tobacco control law took effect and 2019 after taxes increased. A sample of 1578 smokers (and quitters in later waves) from five regions reported their tobacco use and were asked to present a cigarette pack in their possession. These were examined for tax stamps and health warnings to establish legality.FindingsThere was no evidence of an increase in illicit cigarette consumption in Tbilisi, Kutaisi, Akhaltsikhe or Gori in any wave. In Zugdidi, near the Russian-occupied Abkhazia, illicit cigarette consumption was increasing even prior to the tax increase, reaching 30.9% by wave 3. A country-wide shift occurred from manufactured cigarettes to roll-your-own tobacco (whose tax remained unchanged) between waves 2 and 3.ConclusionNo evidence of a country-wide increase in illicit cigarette trade was found after non-fiscal tobacco measures took effect and cigarette taxes increased. Relatively high illicit cigarette consumption in Zugdidi highlights the role of disputed territories and border administration in illicit cigarette supply. Substitution towards roll-your-own tobacco after manufactured cigarette taxes increased demonstrates the importance of equalising taxes on tobacco products to maximise public health benefits.

scholarly journals Comprehensive tobacco control strategy needed

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. CUNNINGHAM
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Control Strategy

Youths' Social Sources of Cigarettes: The Limits of Youth-Access Policies

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Friend ◽  
Maria Carmona ◽  
Philip Wilbur ◽  
David Levy
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Limited Impact ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies ◽  
Widespread Availability ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Access Policies ◽  
Older Siblings

Federal, state, and local policies aimed at reducing youth access to tobacco have been successful at increasing retail compliance, but they have had limited impact on actual youth smoking rates. One of the reasons that retail-based policies have failed to significantly reduce youth smoking rates is attributable in part to youths, substituting social or non-retail sources of cigarettes for retail supply. The widespread availability of cigarettes through social sources, such as borrowing, stealing, or buying cigarettes from parents, older siblings, and peers, and requesting older strangers to purchase them, highlights the difficulty of eliminating all supplies of youth cigarettes. Strategies should be implemented that are developed specifically to reduce access from social sources. More generally, a comprehensive approach to tobacco-control policies that targets the entire population is necessary to curb youth smoking.

scholarly journals Tobacco control in California compared with the rest of the USA: trends in adult per capita cigarette consumption

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (e2) ◽  
pp. e112-e117 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P Pierce ◽  
Yuyan Shi ◽  
Erik M Hendrickson ◽  
Martha M White ◽  
Madison L Noble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
State Level ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Capita Consumption ◽  
Consumption Level ◽  
Cigarette Taxes ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Per Capita Consumption

BackgroundIn the 1990s, California led the USA in state-level tobacco control strategies. However, after 2000, California lost ground on cigarette taxes, although it maintained higher levels of smoke-free homes among smokers.MethodsTrends in per capita cigarette consumption were assessed through taxed sales data and from self-report in repeated national cross-sectional surveys. Linear regressions identified changes in trends after year 2000 separately for California and the rest of the USA. Using data from each state, a linear regression tested the association between different tobacco control strategies and per capita consumption. Change in self-reported per capita consumption was partitioned into contributions associated with initiation, quitting and reduction in cigarette consumption level.ResultsBoth taxed cigarette sales and per capita consumption declined rapidly in the USA from 1985 to 2015. Declines were particularly fast in California before 2000 but slowed thereafter. In 2014, per capita consumption in California was 29.4 packs/adult/year, but 90% higher in the rest of the USA. Modelling state-level data, every $1 increase in cigarette taxes reduced consumption by 4.8 (95% CI 2.9 to 6.8) packs/adult/year. Every 5% increase in the proportion of smokers with smoke-free homes reduced consumption by 8.0 (95% CI 7.0 to 8.9) packs/adult/year. The different patterns in California and the rest of the USA are at least partially explained by these two variables. The slow down in per capita consumption in California can be attributed to changes in initiation, quitting and especially smokers reducing their consumption level.ConclusionsTobacco control strategies need to be continually updated to maintain momentum towards a smoke-free society.

scholarly journals Tobacco taxes as a tobacco control strategy

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank J Chaloupka ◽  
Ayda Yurekli ◽  
Geoffrey T Fong
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Tobacco Taxes
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