Emotional dependence and ways of coping with stress in female victims of intimate partner violence

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated that there is an increase in Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) during times of crisis (e.g., financial, environmental, or socio-political situations). The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered an unprecedented global health and financial tragedy, but research is yet to establish exactly how the situation may impact on IPV. The present study investigates victims’ experience of IPV during lockdown and the COVID-19 pandemic. We report a qualitative thematic analysis of 50 discussion forum posts written by victims of IPV. Of these, 48 forum posts were written by female victims of male perpetrated violence. All forum posts were obtained from the popular online platform, Reddit. We identified four themes associated with IPV victims’ experiences during lockdown and the global pandemic: (i) Use of COVID-19 by the Abuser, (ii) Service Disruption, (iii) Preparation to Leave, and (iv) Factors Increasing Abuse or Distress. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial impact on those living with IPV, often increasing the severity of IPV experienced. The experiences of those affected by IPV during this period inform interventions and the guidance and support provided to IPV victims during times of crisis.

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Challenges of Using Videos in Exam Rooms of Safety-Net Clinics to Encourage Patient Self-Disclosure of Intimate Partner Violence and to Increase Provider Screening

Violence Against Women ◽

10.1177/10778012211000136 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107780122110001

Author(s):

Paula Tavrow ◽

Brittnie Bloom ◽

Mellissa Withers

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Safety Net ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

High Turnover ◽

Management Tools ◽

Self Disclosure ◽

Female Victims ◽

Safety Net Clinics ◽

Main Components

Identifying intimate partner violence (IPV) in clinics allows for early intervention. We tested a comprehensive approach in five safety-net clinics to encourage female victims to self-identify and providers to screen. The main components were (a) short, multilingual videos for female patients; (b) provider training; and (c) management tools. Although videos were viewed 2,150 times, only 9% of eligible patients watched them. IPV disclosure increased slightly (6%). Lack of internal champions, high turnover, increased patient load, and technological challenges hindered outcomes. Safety-net clinics need feasible methods to encourage IPV screening. Management champions and IT support are essential for video-based activities.

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Gambling-Related Intimate Partner Violence Against Women: A Grounded Theory Model of Individual and Relationship Determinants

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/08862605211037425 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 088626052110374

Author(s):

Nerilee Hing ◽

Catherine O’Mullan ◽

Elaine Nuske ◽

Helen Breen ◽

Lydia Mainey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Grounded Theory ◽

Problem Gambling ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Gender Inequality ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Theory Model ◽

Theory Approach ◽

Female Victims

This study aimed to examine how problem gambling interacts with gendered drivers of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women to exacerbate this violence. Interviews were conducted with 48 female victims of IPV linked to a male partner’s gambling; 24 female victims of IPV linked to their own gambling; and 39 service practitioners from 25 services. Given limited research into gambling-related IPV, but a stronger theoretical base relating to IPV against women, this study used an adaptive grounded theory approach. It engaged with existing theories on gendered drivers of violence against women, while also developing a grounded theory model of individual and relationship determinants based on emergent findings from the data. Gambling-related IPV against women was found to occur in the context of expressions of gender inequality, including men’s attitudes and behaviors that support violence and rigid gender expectations, controlling behaviors, and relationships condoning disrespect of women. Within this context, the characteristics of problem gambling and the financial, emotional and relationship stressors gambling causes intensified the IPV. Alcohol and other drug use, and co-morbid mental health issues, also interacted with gambling to intensify the IPV. Major implications. Reducing gambling-related IPV against women requires integrated, multi-level interventions that reduce both problem gambling and gendered drivers of violence. Gambling operators can act to reduce problem gambling and train staff in responding to IPV. Financial institutions can assist people to limit their gambling expenditure and families to protect their assets. Service providers can be alert to the co-occurrence of gambling problems and IPV and screen, treat, and refer clients appropriately. Public education can raise awareness that problem gambling increases the risk of IPV. Reducing gender inequality is also critical.

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What interventions relieve patient-oriented outcomes in female victims of intimate partner violence?

Evidence-Based Practice ◽

10.1097/ebp.0000000000000456 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (12) ◽

pp. 12-13

Author(s):

David Moss ◽

Jennifer Svarverud

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Female Victims

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Help-Seeking Behavior of Female Victims of Intimate Partner Violence in Ghana: The Role of Trust and Perceived Risk of Injury

Journal of Family Violence ◽

10.1007/s10896-018-9959-2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 341-353 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Eric Y. Tenkorang ◽

Adobea Y. Owusu ◽

Gubhinder Kundhi

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Help Seeking Behavior ◽

Female Victims ◽

Risk Of Injury ◽

Seeking Behavior

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Intimate Partner Violence and Abuse

Encyclopedia of Social Work ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.1151 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Jill Theresa Messing

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Social Workers ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Assessment Instruments ◽

Lethal Violence ◽

Female Victims ◽

Power And Control ◽

The Individual ◽

And Control

Intimate partner violence—the continual and systematic exercise of power and control within an intimate relationship that often also includes physical and sexual violence—has emerged as a significant and complex social problem warranting the attention of social workers. Risk and protective factors have been identified at the individual, family, community, and societal levels. Some of these risk factors for repeat and lethal violence have been organized into risk assessment instruments that can be used by social workers to educate and empower survivors. Intimate partner violence has multiple negative health and mental health consequences for female victims and their children. Social workers in all areas of practice should be prepared to intervene with victims of intimate partner violence in a culturally competent manner using a strengths-based framework.

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How Physicians Feel about Assisting Female Victims of Intimate-partner Violence

Academic Medicine ◽

10.1097/00001888-200212000-00024 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 77 (12, Part 1) ◽

pp. 1262-1265 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Ramani N. Garimella ◽

Stacey B. Plichta ◽

Clare Houseman ◽

Laurel Garzon

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Female Victims

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Prevalence and Consequences of Intimate Partner Violence in Canada as Measured by the National Victimization Survey

Partner Abuse ◽

10.1891/1946-6560.10.2.199 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 199-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexandra Lysova ◽

Eugene Emeka Dim ◽

Donald Dutton

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

General Social Survey ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Future Research ◽

Male Victims ◽

Female Victims ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Controlling Behaviors

National victimization surveys that conceptualize intimate partner violence (IPV) as crime can contribute to a better understanding of the most severe forms of victimization in the intimate partner relationship. Based on the 2014 Canadian General Social Survey on Victimization, this study examined the prevalence of victimization resulted from physical and/or sexual IPV, controlling behaviors and also consequences of IPV for both men and women in a sample representative of the Canadian population. Given the paucity of research on male victims of IPV at the national population level, this article specifically discussed the experiences of men who reported violence perpetrated by their female intimate partners. Results showed that 2.9% of men and 1.7% of women reported experiencing physical and/or sexual IPV in their current relationships in the last 5 years. In addition, 35% of male and 34% of female victims of IPV experienced high controlling behaviors—the most severe type of abuse known as intimate terrorism. Moreover, 22% of male victims and 19% of female victims of IPV were found to have experienced severe physical violence along with high controlling behaviors. Although female victims significantly more often than male victims reported the injuries and short-term emotional effects of IPV (e.g., fear, depression, anger), there was no significant difference in the experience of the most long-term effects of spousal trauma—posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-related symptoms. This article argues that future research should explain the increased gap in reporting of the IPV victimization among men compared to women.

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