scholarly journals Global trends in relative and absolute income inequality

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (42) ◽  
pp. 46-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Goda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Absolute Income

Global Trends in Income Inequality: Theory Versus Reality

2017 ◽  
pp. 143-168
Author(s):  
Venkat Venkatasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Inequality Theory ◽  
Theory Versus ◽  
Income Data ◽  
The U.S

We compare the predictions of our theory with empirical income data from a dozen different countries. We define a new measure of inequality, called the non-ideal inequality coefficient. We show that Norway is close to ideal inequality for the bottom 99% of the population while the U.S. is the most non-ideal at the other extreme. The other countries are in between these two. We find it remarkable that the Scandinavian societies have discovered the near-ideal share by themselves in practice without any prior knowledge of even its existence.

Extreme Inequality in Income and Wealth

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Venkat Venkatasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Mainstream Economic ◽  
Market Society ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Economic Theories ◽  
Novel Theory

Chapter one provides a summary of the global trends in income inequality and ask what kind income distribution there ought to be, under ideal conditions, in a free market society. The chapter also raises three other fundamental questions regarding the fairness, stability and optimality of such a distribution. Since these questions cannot be answered by mainstream economic theories, or by econophysics, we outline the development of our novel theory to address them.

Global Trends in Income Inequality

Challenge ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 54-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Wade
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Global Trends

scholarly journals Comparing Global Inequality of Income and Wealth

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-73
Author(s):  
James Davies ◽  
Anthony Shorrocks
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Gini Coefficient ◽  
Wealth Inequality ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Coefficient Inequality ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Over Time

This chapter is the first to compare global trends in income and wealth inequality this century. It is based on large income and wealth synthetic microdata samples designed to be representative of all countries. Measured by the Gini coefficient, inequality between countries accounts for about two-thirds of global income inequality, but noticeably less—around one half—of wealth inequality. Broadly similar results are found for different years and different inequality indices, bar the share of the top 1 per cent. Over time, changes in countries’ mean income and wealth, and in population sizes, have reduced world inequality. Income inequality has changed little within countries, so the downward trend remains intact. However, within-country wealth inequality has risen, halting the downward shift in global wealth inequality and raising the share of the top 1 per cent since 2007.

GLOBAL TRENDS IN INCOME DISTRIBUTION: LONG-RUN INFLUENCES ON INCOME INEQUALITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7-12) ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS OBST
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
National Income ◽  
Personal Income ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Wage Dispersion ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Labour Share

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the development in income distribution and outlines its major long-term trends of 23 countries worldwide. These countries are clustered in four groups covering the core advanced, the Nordic, the emerging, and the least developed economies of the world. This paper applies different measures to analyse income distribution in three dimensions: national income, functional income distribution, and personal income distribution. Depending on the indicators applied the time period ranges between 1960 and 2012. The empirical analysis shows that increases in national incomes are most pronounced in the advanced economies. The emerging economies also exhibit an upward trend in national income, but it has been less substantial. The least developed economies, however, have been detached from this trend and remain isolated. Moreover, this paper illustrates that there has been an enormous re-distribution of income. During the last three decades, the labour share of income has declined in nearly all countries under study. This development went hand in hand with increased personal income inequality. Disposable income inequality and market income inequality have both increased over the past 30 years. Wage dispersion also rose substantially contributing to greater income inequality. Additionally, the escalation of top income shares as well as the expansion of low paid employment has led to a growing gap between the top and the bottom income earners. This analysis also presents important interlinks between greater income inequality, the fall of the wage share, and increasing wage dispersion.

Absolute Income, Relative Income, Income Inequality, and Mortality

2004 ◽  
Vol XXXIX (1) ◽  
pp. 228-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf-G. Gerdtham ◽  
Magnus Johannesson
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Relative Income ◽  
Absolute Income
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