Comprehensive Human Factors Guidelines for Road Systems (Research Results Digest)

Meta-analysis has been used frequently for combining research results across a series of studies. A brief review of those content areas of the social and behavioral sciences using meta-analysis is presented and reasons are suggested why these techniques are not presently used by human factors specialists.

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Human Factors Guidelines for Road Systems, Collection B: Chapters 6, 22 (Tutorial 3), and 23 (Updated)

10.17226/14203 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Jerry L. Graham ◽

John L. Campbell ◽

Christian M. Richard ◽

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...

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Road Systems

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Subjects in Human Factors: Evaluation of Subject-Condition (SxC) Interactions

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193129203601611 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 36 (16) ◽

pp. 1232-1236

Author(s):

Alvah C. Bittner ◽

Allen T. Bramwell

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Research Results ◽

Potential Sources ◽

Analysis Of Error ◽

Human Factors Research ◽

Measurement Effects

The opportunities presented by subjects-condition (SxC) interactions are discussed after an introduction to their nature. Operator Strategy Differences (SDs), Scale-of-Measurement Effects (SOMs), and Condition Requirement Differences (CRDs) are each seen as potential sources of SxC interactions. It is shown that SxC interactions can (1) frequently be detected using an analysis of “error” variances approach, (2) be characterized in terms of their nature, and (3) enhance the utility of research results (once characterized). It is recommended that subjects-condition (SxC) interactions be routinely evaluated in human factors research.

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Human Factors and Trainability of Piloting a Simulated Micro Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193120504902312 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 49 (23) ◽

pp. 2055-2059 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

John L. Neumann ◽

Paula J. Durlach

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽

Military Training ◽

Touch Screen ◽

Advanced Technology ◽

Manual Control ◽

Training Requirements ◽

Systems Research ◽

Camera Angle ◽

Aerial Vehicle

In 2004, the U.S. Army Research Institute's (ARI) Simulator Systems Research Unit began studies involving the training requirements for operators of a micro-unmanned aerial vehicle (MAV). Our research involved the use of a touch-screen operator control interface developed for the DARPA MAV Advanced Technology Demonstration. This control system allowed operators to plan and run autonomous flight missions or to tele-operate a simulated MAV around a static synthetic environment. An initial study focused primarily on the usability of the system. Extensive heuristic evaluations were conducted by seven volunteers with backgrounds in human factors and military training systems. Each evaluator completed a self-paced training session including exercises that tested their ability to perform various control functions. Lack of immediate feedback from touch-screen inputs and missing or obscure status information formed the basis of several of the usability issues. Manually piloting the MAV presented the most difficulty to operators. As such, a second study was conducted that focused specifically on manual control tasks. In this study, participants were trained on manual control of the MAV, and then completed four increasingly difficult missions, requiring them to pilot the vehicle through the synthetic environment. This experiment was designed to compare the effect of supplemental sensor imagery on mission performance. During Study 1, operators could choose to view a sensor image taken from a fixed camera pointed 15 degrees below horizontal or straight down (90 degrees), but only one view was available at a time. During Study 2, operators were provided with three sensor views simultaneously. The 15-degree view was presented in a primary sensor window, and two additional views were displayed in smaller windows below it. The camera angle of one of these supplemental views was the manipulated independent variable — 30, 60, or 90 degrees from horizontal. The remaining window always contained an overhead satellite view (downward view from 5000 feet above the MAV). Data were collected on time to complete each mission, the number of physical interactions each user made with the interface, SME ratings, workload, and usability. Results indicated that mission requirements had a greater effect on performance and workload ratings than the camera angle of the supplemental view, though the camera angle of the supplemental view did affect mission time required to capture images of designated target buildings. Session averages of workload, usability, mission completion time, and SME rating were significantly inter-correlated. Higher SME ratings were associated with lower participant ratings of workload, shorter mission completion times, and higher usability ratings.

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2012 First InternationalWorkshop on European Software Services and Systems Research - Results and Challenges (S-Cube) - Proceedings [front matter]

2012 First International Workshop on European Software Services and Systems Research - Results and Challenges (S-Cube) ◽

10.1109/s-cube.2012.6225495 ◽

2012 ◽

Keyword(s):

Research Results ◽

Systems Research ◽

Software Services

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