Glaciers, Ice Sheets, and Sea Level

1985 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
And Sea Level

scholarly journals Last Interglacial climate and sea-level evolution from a coupled ice sheet–climate model

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2195-2213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiko Goelzer ◽  
Philippe Huybrechts ◽  
Marie-France Loutre ◽  
Thierry Fichefet
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Sea Level

Abstract. As the most recent warm period in Earth's history with a sea-level stand higher than present, the Last Interglacial (LIG,  ∼  130 to 115 kyr BP) is often considered a prime example to study the impact of a warmer climate on the two polar ice sheets remaining today. Here we simulate the Last Interglacial climate, ice sheet, and sea-level evolution with the Earth system model of intermediate complexity LOVECLIM v.1.3, which includes dynamic and fully coupled components representing the atmosphere, the ocean and sea ice, the terrestrial biosphere, and the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. In this setup, sea-level evolution and climate–ice sheet interactions are modelled in a consistent framework.Surface mass balance change governed by changes in surface meltwater runoff is the dominant forcing for the Greenland ice sheet, which shows a peak sea-level contribution of 1.4 m at 123 kyr BP in the reference experiment. Our results indicate that ice sheet–climate feedbacks play an important role to amplify climate and sea-level changes in the Northern Hemisphere. The sensitivity of the Greenland ice sheet to surface temperature changes considerably increases when interactive albedo changes are considered. Southern Hemisphere polar and sub-polar ocean warming is limited throughout the Last Interglacial, and surface and sub-shelf melting exerts only a minor control on the Antarctic sea-level contribution with a peak of 4.4 m at 125 kyr BP. Retreat of the Antarctic ice sheet at the onset of the LIG is mainly forced by rising sea level and to a lesser extent by reduced ice shelf viscosity as the surface temperature increases. Global sea level shows a peak of 5.3 m at 124.5 kyr BP, which includes a minor contribution of 0.35 m from oceanic thermal expansion. Neither the individual contributions nor the total modelled sea-level stand show fast multi-millennial timescale variations as indicated by some reconstructions.

Ice Sheets, Glaciers, and Sea Level

2015 ◽  
pp. 713-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Allison ◽  
William Colgan ◽  
Matt King ◽  
Frank Paul
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
And Sea Level

scholarly journals A kinematic formalism for tracking ice–ocean mass exchange on the Earth's surface and estimating sea-level change

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2819-2833
Author(s):  
Surendra Adhikari ◽  
Erik R. Ivins ◽  
Eric Larour ◽  
Lambert Caron ◽  
Helene Seroussi
Keyword(s):  
Solid Earth ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Mass Exchange ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Ocean Mass ◽  
Geophysical Processes ◽  
Ice Sheet Dynamics ◽  
And Sea Level

Abstract. Polar ice sheets are important components of the Earth system. As the geometries of land, ocean and ice sheets evolve, they must be consistently captured within the lexicon of geodesy. Understanding the interplay between the processes such as ice-sheet dynamics, solid-Earth deformation, and sea-level adjustment requires both geodetically consistent and mass-conserving descriptions of evolving land and ocean domains, grounded ice sheets and floating ice shelves, and their respective interfaces. Here we present mathematical descriptions of a generic level set that can be used to track both the grounding lines and coastlines, in light of ice–ocean mass exchange and complex feedbacks from the solid Earth and sea level. We next present a unified method to accurately compute the sea-level contribution of evolving ice sheets based on the change in ice thickness, bedrock elevation and mean sea level caused by any geophysical processes. Our formalism can be applied to arbitrary geometries and at all timescales. While it can be used for applications with modeling, observations and the combination of two, it is best suited for Earth system models, comprising ice sheets, solid Earth and sea level, that seek to conserve mass.

Ice Sheets and Sea Level Change as a Response to Climatic Change at the Astronomical Time Scale

1990 ◽  
pp. 85-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Berger ◽  
TH. Fichefet ◽  
H. Gallee ◽  
I. Marsiat ◽  
CH. Tricot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Sea Level Change ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Astronomical Time ◽  
And Sea Level

Ice sheets, glaciers, and sea level

2021 ◽  
pp. 707-740
Author(s):  
Ian Allison ◽  
Frank Paul ◽  
William Colgan ◽  
Matt King
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
And Sea Level

The Kitchen Midden Site at Westward Ho!, Devon, England: ecology, age, and relation to changes in land and sea level

1965 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 74-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Churchill ◽  
J. J. Wymer
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Relative Displacement ◽  
Tectonic Movement ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Last Glaciation ◽  
Actual Height ◽  
Kitchen Midden ◽  
British Coast ◽  
And Sea Level

The occurrence of submerged forests in places along the British coast has long attracted attention, and led to speculation on the relative displacement in land and sea levels that enabled such forests to grow. Many of these forest beds are only visible between high and low water of the spring tides; others, not so readily seen, are known to occur in beds to a depth 60 feet below present sea level. The melting of the ice sheets after the last glaciation and the consequent rise of sea level accounts for the submergence of many of these forest beds, although the actual height at which they are found, may be affected by displacement from the contemporary level by subsequent compaction of sediments and tectonic movement. The submerged forest at Westward Ho! rests on consolidated sediments and is not subject to change in level due to compaction. The tectonic factor is discussed in relation to analogous deposits of comparable age elsewhere in southern Britain.The presence of the submerged forest in Bideford Bay (Barnstaple Bay) at Westward Ho!, was recorded in a survey published by De la Beche in 1839, and in 1866 Ellis called attention to the presence of flints in the submerged forest bed. The peat was found in patches between a pebble ridge and low water mark and in places for about 200 yards along the beach.

Ice sheets and sea level

Nature ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 373 (6509) ◽  
pp. 18-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bromwich
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
And Sea Level

Ice sheets, climate change and sea level

Physics World ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
David Drewry
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
And Sea Level

scholarly journals The motion of ice stream margins

2013 ◽  
Vol 714 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Theoretical Description ◽  
Ice Stream ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Sea Level ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe recent article by Schoof (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 712, 2012, pp. 552–578) provides a technically demanding solution to the problem of determining ice-stream margin evolution. It is important in opening the way to the future theoretical description of how the ice sheets will melt and sea level will rise as the climate warms. But the sophistication of the mathematics should not operate as a mask to an examination of the credibility of the model.

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