The U.S. National Plant Germplasm System

10.17226/1583 ◽  
1991 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Germplasm ◽  
National Plant Germplasm System ◽  
The U.S

Demand for Genetic Resources and the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System

Crop Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 1021-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Day Rubenstein ◽  
Melinda Smale ◽  
Mark P. Widrlechner
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Germplasm ◽  
National Plant Germplasm System ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Molecular Identification of Malus hupehensis (Tea Crabapple) Accessions Using Simple Sequence Repeats

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 961-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Benson ◽  
Warren F. Lamboy ◽  
Richard H. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Plant Germplasm ◽  
Malus Hupehensis ◽  
National Plant Germplasm System ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
The U.S

The U.S. National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) currently holds 36 separate accessions of the `Yichang' clone of Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehd. The `Yichang' clone originally entered the United States in 1908 as seed collected for the Arnold Arboretum by E.H. Wilson near Yichang, Hubei Province, China. The original description of M. hupehensis omits fruit characters, and botanists frequently augment these omissions with descriptions of the `Yichang' clone. Apomixis occurs in Malus, including M. hupehensis, and is strongly associated with elevated ploidy levels. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were used to characterize 65 accessions of M. hupehensis. To check for polyploidy, a set of M. hupehensis accessions was evaluated with flow cytometry. The simple sequence repeat phenotypes and ploidy information revealed the `Yichang' clone under various accession names in arboreta. It was neither known nor suspected that the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System held many duplicate accessions of the `Yichang' clone prior to their molecular characterization. Germplasm conservation decisions for Malus species can benefit from an increased knowledge of the genetic variation or lack thereof in naturalized populations and ex situ collections.

scholarly journals Powdery Mildew Resistance in the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System Cucumber Collection

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 416-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles C. Block ◽  
Kathleen R. Reitsma
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Visual Rating ◽  
Plant Germplasm ◽  
National Plant Germplasm System ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Disk Method ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Leaf Disks

Nine hundred and seventy-seven (977) cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) accessions from the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) collection were tested for resistance to powdery mildew, caused by the fungus Podosphaera xanthii (Castagne) Braun and Shishkoff, formerly known as Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schlecht.) Poll. Plants from each accession were evaluated in the greenhouse following inoculation with field isolates of P. xanthii. Each plant was placed into one of three susceptibility classes based on the amount of fungal growth and sporulation on the hypocotyl, stem, petioles and leaves - susceptible (S), intermediate (I) or resistant (R). Of the 977 accessions (9.6%), 94 contained at least one I or R-type plant. Seventeen of the 20 most-resistant accessions came from Asian sources, including China (PIs 418962, 418964, 432860, and 432870), India (PIs 197085, 197088, and 605930), Japan (PIs 279465, 288238, 390258, and 390266), Pakistan (PI 330628), the Philippines (PIs 426169 and 426170), and Taiwan (PIs 321006, 321009, and 321011). A quantitative study was conducted to compare mildew reproduction on S, I, and R-type cucumbers in the greenhouse and under field conditions in Ames, Iowa. Leaf disks were removed weekly and microscopic counts made of spore populations. The leaf disk method was superior to visual rating for ranking and differentiating intermediate from resistant accessions. Both the intermediate (moderately resistant) and highly resistant accessions provided excellent protection against powdery mildew in the field.

scholarly journals Fruit and Nut Genebanks in the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1188-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Postman ◽  
Kim Hummer ◽  
Ed Stover ◽  
Robert Krueger ◽  
Phillip Forsline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
25Th Anniversary ◽  
Plant Germplasm ◽  
Basic Plant ◽  
National Plant Germplasm System ◽  
The U.S

The year 2005 marked the 25th anniversary of the establishment of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS), repositories devoted to clonally propagated, horticultural fruit and nut crops. During this quarter century, facilities in Hilo, Hawaii; Mayaguez, PR.; Miami, Fla.; and Riverside, Calif. were developed to preserve collections of tropical and subtropical fruit and nut crops; facilities in Brownwood, Texas; Corvallis, Ore.; Davis, Calif. and Geneva, N.Y. preserve the temperate crops. Each of these facilities now has internationally recognized, globally diverse collections of genetic resources for their assigned genera. Germplasm of unique genotypes are maintained as growing plants, evaluated for phenotypic and genotypic traits, documented in a national public germplasm database, and freely distributed as clonal propaggules to researchers and other germplasm users around the world. Seed collections represent wild populations for some crop relatives. These 8 genebanks maintain 30,000 accessions representing 1600 species of fruit and nut crops and their wild relatives. The genebanks distribute more than 15,000 accessions annually to international researchers. Although originally conceived as working collections for crop improvement, NPGS genebanks have also become invaluable in providing the raw materials for basic plant genetic research, reservoirs for rare or endangered species or vulnerable landraces, archives of historic cultivars, and field classrooms for educating the public. These collections preserve botanical treasures as well as the American horticultural heritage for now and for future generations.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of melon accessions in the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System and construction of a melon core collection

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Kaori Ando ◽  
Shan Wu ◽  
Umesh K. Reddy ◽  
Prabin Tamang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
The Core ◽  
Plant Germplasm ◽  
National Plant Germplasm System ◽  
The U.S

AbstractMelon (C. melo L.) is an economically important vegetable crop cultivated worldwide. The melon collection in the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) is a valuable resource to conserve natural genetic diversity and provide novel traits for melon breeding. Here we use the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technology to characterize 2083 melon accessions in the NPGS collected from major melon production areas as well as regions where primitive melons exist. Population structure and genetic diversity analyses suggested that C. melo ssp. melo was firstly introduced from the centers of origin, Indian and Pakistan, to Central and West Asia, and then brought to Europe and Americas. C. melo ssp. melo from East Asia was likely derived from C. melo ssp. agrestis in India and Pakistan and displayed a distinct genetic background compared to the rest of ssp. melo accessions from other geographic regions. We developed a core collection of 383 accessions capturing more than 98% of genetic variation in the germplasm, providing a publicly accessible collection for future research and genomics-assisted breeding of melon. Thirty-five morphological characters investigated in the core collection indicated high variability of these characters across accessions in the collection. Genome-wide association studies using the core collection panel identified potentially associated genome regions related to fruit quality and other horticultural traits. This study provides insights into melon origin and domestication, and the constructed core collection and identified genome loci potentially associated with important traits provide valuable resources for future melon research and breeding.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document