Assessing the Relationship Between Propagule Pressure and Invasion Risk in Ballast Water

2011 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ballast Water ◽  
Propagule Pressure ◽  
Invasion Risk ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Temporal modelling of ballast water discharge and ship-mediated invasion risk to Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 150039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Cope ◽  
Thomas A. A. Prowse ◽  
Joshua V. Ross ◽  
Talia A. Wittmann ◽  
Phillip Cassey
Keyword(s):  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Propagule Pressure ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Maritime Trade ◽  
Bulk Carrier ◽  
Invasion Risk ◽  
Marine Invasion ◽  
Temporal Modelling

Biological invasions have the potential to cause extensive ecological and economic damage. Maritime trade facilitates biological invasions by transferring species in ballast water, and on ships' hulls. With volumes of maritime trade increasing globally, efforts to prevent these biological invasions are of significant importance. Both the International Maritime Organization and the Australian government have developed policy seeking to reduce the risk of these invasions. In this study, we constructed models for the transfer of ballast water into Australian waters, based on historic ballast survey data. We used these models to hindcast ballast water discharge over all vessels that arrived in Australian waters between 1999 and 2012. We used models for propagule survival to compare the risk of ballast-mediated propagule transport between ecoregions. We found that total annual ballast discharge volume into Australia more than doubled over the study period, with the vast majority of ballast water discharge and propagule pressure associated with bulk carrier traffic. As such, the ecoregions suffering the greatest risk are those associated with the export of mining commodities. As global marine trade continues to increase, effective monitoring and biosecurity policy will remain necessary to combat the risk of future marine invasion events.

Modeling the relationship between propagule pressure and invasion risk to inform policy and management

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1691-1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjorie J. Wonham ◽  
James E. Byers ◽  
Edwin D. Grosholz ◽  
Brian Leung
Keyword(s):  
Propagule Pressure ◽  
Invasion Risk ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Ballast water transport of non-indigenous zooplankton to Canadian ports

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio DiBacco ◽  
Donald B. Humphrey ◽  
Leslie E. Nasmith ◽  
Colin D. Levings
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Propagule Pressure ◽  
Taxon Richness ◽  
Marine Science ◽  
Invasion Risk ◽  
Dispersal Barriers ◽  
Natural Dispersal

Abstract DiBacco, C., Humphrey, D. B., Nasmith, L. E., and Levings, C. D. 2012. Ballast water transport of non-indigenous zooplankton to Canadian ports. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 483–491. Ballast water is one of the primary transport vectors for the transfer and introduction of non-indigenous zooplankton (NIZ). Regulations require vessels from overseas to conduct mid-ocean exchange before discharging ballast in Canadian ports. Intracoastal vessels from nearby ports may be exempt from exchange, whereas intracoastal vessels from more distant ports are required to exchange. Zooplankton in the ballast water of transoceanic exchanged (TOE), intracoastal exchanged (ICE), and intracoastal unexchanged (ICU) vessels arriving at Canada's west (WC) and east (EC) coasts were examined. NIZ density, propagule pressure, taxon richness, and community composition were compared among the three shipping classes. The WC ports received greater densities of NIZ and had greater NIZ propagule pressure than EC ports. Within WC vessels, NIZ propagule pressure and density were significantly greater in ICU vessels. TOE vessels on the EC had the greatest NIZ propagule pressure and density. ICU vessels entering Vancouver ports represented the greatest invasion risk to Canadian waters. These vessels likely mediate secondary invasions by facilitating the transport of unexchanged ballast directly from ports previously invaded, whereas short ICU voyage duration enhances organism survivorship and vessels transport NIZ over natural dispersal barriers.

The relationship of propagule pressure to invasion potential in plants

Euphytica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 148 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Alejandra Martínez-Ghersa ◽  
Claudio M. Ghersa
Keyword(s):  
Propagule Pressure ◽  
Invasion Potential ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Modeling ships' ballast water as invasion threats to the Great Lakes

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1245-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh J MacIsaac ◽  
Thomas C Robbins ◽  
Mark A Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Propagule Pressure ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Invasion Process ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Invasion Models ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
Shipping Traffic

The spread of nonindigenous species (NIS) in aquatic ecosystems provides an opportunity to develop new perspectives on the invasion process. In this paper we review existing invasion models, most of which were developed to describe invasions of terrestrial habitats, and propose an alternative that explores long-distance invasions mediated by discharge of contaminated ballast water by ships inbound to the Great Lakes. Based on current knowledge of shipping traffic to the Great Lakes, our model predicts that mid-ocean exchange of ballast water lowers propagule delivery by approximately three to four orders of magnitude relative to unexchanged ballast water. Propagule pressure of individual ships that enter the Great Lakes loaded with cargo and that declare "no ballast on board" (NOBOB) is typically one to two orders of magnitude higher than that of vessels that exchange ballast. Because NOBOB vessels dominate (~90%) inbound traffic into the Great Lakes, these vessels collectively appear to pose the greatest risk of new introductions, even though their individual risks are low.

scholarly journals Proxy-based model to assess the relative contribution of ballast water and biofouling’s potential propagule pressure and prioritize vessel inspections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Ceballos-Osuna ◽  
Chris Scianni ◽  
Maurya Falkner ◽  
Raya Nedelcheva ◽  
Whitman Miller
Keyword(s):  
Ballast Water ◽  
Propagule Pressure ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Resource Limitations ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Risk Profiling ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Finite Set ◽  
Wetted Surface Area

AbstractCommercial shipping is the primary pathway of introduction for aquatic nonindigenous species, mainly through the mechanisms of ballast water and biofouling. In response to this threat, regulatory programs have been established across the globe to regulate and monitor commercial merchant and passenger vessels to assess compliance with local requirements to reduce the likelihood of NIS introductions. Resource limitations often determine the inspection efforts applied by these regulatory agencies to reduce NIS introductions. We present a simple and adaptable model that prioritizes vessel arrivals for inspection using proxies for potential propagule pressure, namely a ships’ wetted surface area as a proxy for the likelihood of biofouling-mediated potential propagule pressure and ballast water discharge volume as a proxy for ballast water-mediated potential propagule pressure. We used a California-specific dataset of vessels that arrived at California ports between 2015 and 2018 to test the proposed model and demonstrate how a finite set of inspection resources can be applied to target vessels with the greatest potential propagule pressure. The proposed tool is adaptable by jurisdiction, scalable to different segments of the vessel population, adjustable based on the vector of interest, and versatile because it allows combined or separate analyses of the PPP components. The approach can be adopted in any jurisdiction across the globe, especially jurisdictions without access to, or authority to collect, risk profiling data or direct measurements for all incoming vessel arrivals.

scholarly journals Ballast water-mediated species spread risk dynamics and policy implications to reduce the invasion risk to the Mediterranean Sea

2022 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 113285
Author(s):  
Zhaojun Wang ◽  
Mandana Saebi ◽  
Erin K. Grey ◽  
James J. Corbett ◽  
Dong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Invasion Risk ◽  
Risk Dynamics ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Ballast Water Exchange and Invasion Risk Posed by Intracoastal Vessel Traffic: An Evaluation Using High Throughput Sequencing

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (17) ◽  
pp. 9926-9936 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Darling ◽  
John Martinson ◽  
Yunguo Gong ◽  
Sara Okum ◽  
Erik Pilgrim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Invasion Risk
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