scholarly journals Effect of graphene on the properties of epoxidized-palm-oil plasticized poly(lactic acid) biopolymer nanocomposites

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-464
Author(s):  
B. Suksut ◽  
S. Duangsripat
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Epoxidized Palm Oil

The Mechanical, Thermal and Morphological Properties of Graphene Nanoplatelets Filled Poly(lactic acid)/Epoxidized Palm Oil Blends

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buong Woei Chieng ◽  
Nor Azowa Ibrahim ◽  
Wan Md Zin Wan Yunus ◽  
Mohd Zobir Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
Oil Blends ◽  
Epoxidized Palm Oil ◽  
Blending Method

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based nanocomposites filled with graphene nanoplatelets (xGnP) that contains epoxidized palm oil (EPO) as plasticizer were prepared by melt blending method. PLA was first plasticized by EPO to improve its flexibility and thereby overcome its problem of brittleness. Then, xGnP was incoporated into plasticized PLA to enhance its mechanical properties. Plasticized and nanofilled PLA nanocomposites (PLA/EPO/xGnP) showed improvement in the elongation at break by 3322% and 61% compared to pristine PLA and PLA/EPO, respectively. The use of EPO and xGnP increases the mobility of the polymeric chains, thereby improving the flexibility and plastic deformation of PLA. The nanocomposites also resulted in an increase of up to 26.5% in the tensile strength compared with PLA/EPO blend. XRD pattern showed the presence of peak around 26.5° in PLA/EPO/xGnP nanocomposites which corresponds to characteristic peak of graphene nanoplatelets. Plasticized PLA reinforced with xGnP showed that increasing the xGnP content triggers a substantial increase in thermal stability. Crystallinity of the nanocomposites as well as cold crystallization and melting temperature did not show any significant changes upon addition of xGnP. However, there was a significant decrease of glass transition temperature up to 0.3wt% of xGnP incorporation. The TEM micrograph of PLA/EPO/xGnP shows that the xGnP was uniformly dispersed in the PLA matrix and no obvious aggregation was observed.

scholarly journals Graphene Nanoplatelets as Novel Reinforcement Filler in Poly(lactic acid)/Epoxidized Palm Oil Green Nanocomposites: Mechanical Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 10920-10934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buong Woei Chieng ◽  
Nor Azowa Ibrahim ◽  
Wan Md Zin Wan Yunus ◽  
Mohd Zobir Hussein ◽  
V. S. Giita Silverajah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Epoxidized Palm Oil

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on the Mechanical, Thermal and Morphological Characterization of Poly(lactic acid)/Epoxidized Palm Oil Blend

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 5878-5898 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Giita Silverajah ◽  
Nor Azowa Ibrahim ◽  
Wan Md Zin Wan Yunus ◽  
Hazimah Abu Hassan ◽  
Chieng Buong Woei
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Epoxidized Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Blend

scholarly journals Production of Lactic Acid from Empty Fruit Bunch of Palm Oil Using Catalyst of Barium Hydroxide

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 06004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apsari Puspita Aini ◽  
Hyung Woo Lee ◽  
Johnner Parningotan Sitompul ◽  
Carolus Borromeus Rasrendra
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Barium Hydroxide ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Alkaline Catalyst ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Lactic Acid as a platform chemical has broad application in various industries, especially in the production of Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) for biodegradable plastic. Empty fruit bunch (EFB), abundant by product from palm oil mill industry, is one of potential feedstock to be used in the production of lactic acid from lignocellulose biomass. EFB contains high cellulose and hemicellulose about 37– 59.7% w/w and 16–28% w/w, respectively. The aim of this paper is to study the effects of the operating conditions, such as temperature, reaction time, biomass loading, and catalyst concentration on the yield of lactic acid using barium hydroxide as alkaline catalyst. EFB pretreatment with steam explosion was applied to remove lignin content. The results showed that pretreatment reduced the lignin content from 22.66% to 9.69% w/w. Meanwhile, hemicellulose and cellulose increased from 14.40% to 16.40% w/w and 29.37% to 63.57% w/w, respectively. The highest yield of lactic acid was 21.57% C-mol, achieved by using 0.25 M Ba(OH)2 as the catalyst, with 5% w/v biomass loading, temperature 240°C, during 4 h reaction times. The yield was approximately equal to yield of lactic acid (~ 20%) compared with Pb2+ as the catalyst for EFB conversion although the later catalyst produced fewer by products during conversion.

scholarly journals Plasticized and Nanofilled Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanocomposites: Mechanical, Thermal and Morphology Properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 846 ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buong Woei Chieng ◽  
Ibrahim Nor Azowa ◽  
Yoon Yee Then ◽  
Yuet Ying Loo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Epoxidized Palm Oil ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Polymeric Chains

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based nanocomposites filled with graphene nanoplatelets (xGnP) and containing epoxidized palm oil (EPO) as plasticizer were prepared by melt blending method. PLA was first plasticized by EPO to improve its flexibility and thereby overcome its problem of brittleness. Then, xGnP was incoporated into plasticized PLA to enhance its mechanical properteis. Plasticized and naonofilled PLA nanocomposites (PLA/EPO/xGnP) showed improvement in the elongation at break by 61% compared with plasticized PLA (PLA/EPO). The use of EPO and xGnP increases the mobility of the polymeric chains, thereby improving the flexibility and plastic deformation of PLA. The nanocomposites also resulted in an increase of up to 26.5% in the tensile strength compared with PLA/EPO blend. PLA/EPO reinforced with xGnP shows that increasing the xGnP content triggers a substantial increase in thermal stability. The TEM image of PLA/EPO/xGnP shows that the xGnP was uniformly dispersed in the PLA matrix and no obvious aggregation is observed.

Electrical Properties of Heat-Treated Poly-Lactic Acid

2011 ◽  
Vol 131 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Oi ◽  
Katsuyoshi Shinyama ◽  
Shigetaka Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Heat Treated

Dielectric Breakdown Properties of Poly-Lactic Acid with Spherulites Growth

2014 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-242
Author(s):  
Naru Matsugasaki ◽  
Katsuyoshi Shinyama ◽  
Shigetaka Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Dielectric Breakdown ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid
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