scholarly journals Effectiveness of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) on winter wheat in two agricultural systems

1999 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
S. Al-Dobai ◽  
J. Praslicka
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Aphidius Ervi ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Aphid Parasitoids ◽  
Very High

From the obtained results we can note that the parasitoids in our experiments in 1 997 and 1998 had considerable influence on decline of aphids population density, at which the percent of parasitization in milk maturity stage of wheat was from 2.7 to 35%. The culmination of parasitization was recorded in our experiments about 7–10 days after the culmination of population density of aphids. The obtained results did not confirm the definite influence of different growing systems on parasitization of aphids, because in 1997 the parasitization was very high in integrated growing system and in 1998 in ecological growing system. The influence of different growing systems on aphids parasitization appeared during a given year and within an growing system. It also appeared between different years and it was found that these differences were significant. The parasitoids found were: Aphidius ervi Haliday, A. rlwpalosiphi De Stefani-Pcrcz, A. uzbekistanicus Luzhctzki, Praon volucre (Hal iday), Ephedrus plagialor (Nees), Diaeretiefla rapae (M'lntosh). In 1997, the most abundant species were Aphidius ervi and A. rhopafosiphi and in 1998 A. ubekistanicus and Aphidius ervi.

scholarly journals Hymenopteran parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of cereal aphids (Sternorrhyncha: Aphidoidea) in winter wheat crops in Slovakia

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Praslička ◽  
S. Al Dobai ◽  
J. Huszár
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Aphidius Ervi ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Aphidius Rhopalosiphi ◽  
Aphid Parasitoids ◽  
Hymenopteran Parasitoids

During 1997–1999, occurrence of hymenopteran parasitoids of cereal aphids was observed in different localities in Slovakia. Altogether, seven species of aphid parasitoids were recorded. The total numbers of particular species over the last three years were as follows: Aphidius uzbekistanicus (160 individuals – 42.4%), Aphidius ervi (83 individuals – 22.0%), Aphidius rhopalosiphi (66 individuals – 17.5%), Ephedrus plagiator (40 individuals – 10.6%), Praon volucre (26 individuals – 6.9%), P. gallicum (1 individual – 0.3%), and Aphidius picipes (1 individual – 0.2%). The abundance of the parasitoids in each year was: 185 individuals (49.1%) in 1999, 122 individuals (32.4%) in 1998, and 70 individuals (18.6%) in 1997.  

Perennial Vine Control in Multiple Cropping Systems on a Clay Soil

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dennis Elmore ◽  
Larry G. Heatherly ◽  
Richard A. Wesley
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Multiple Cropping ◽  
Established Population

An area of a shrink-swell clay soil (Tunica clay, Vertic Haplaquept) with an established population of redvine, trumpetcreeper, honeyvine milkweed, redberry moonseed, and maypop passionflower was treated with dicamba once in the fall of 1983. The effect on perennial vines was determined for the following 4 yr in three rotational cropping systems involving winter wheat, soybean, corn, and sorghum, all with and without irrigation. Dicamba reduced the population of perennial vines 80% over 4 yr. Redvine and trumpetcreeper, the first and second most abundant species, were reduced by over 83 and 76%, respectively. Yield of soybean increased 17% in 1985 and 1987 while corn yield increased 9% in 1986 with dicamba use. In 1984 no effects on crop yield were measured. This inconsistent crop yield reponse after dicamba treatment, even though perennial vines were suppressed, must be considered in evaluating the economics of using dicamba for perennial vine control.

Frost damage to winter wheat in the UK: the effect of plant population density

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M Whaley ◽  
E.J.M Kirby ◽  
J.H Spink ◽  
M.J Foulkes ◽  
D.L Sparkes
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Plant Population Density ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Primary parasitoid and hyperparasitoid guilds (hymenoptera) of grain aphid (Sitobion avenae F.) in northern Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1141-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Barczak ◽  
A. Dębek-Jankowska ◽  
J. Bennewicz
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Sitobion Avenae ◽  
Aphidius Ervi ◽  
Primary Parasitoid ◽  
Parasitic Hymenoptera ◽  
Grain Aphid ◽  
Northern Poland

The aim of this study was to determine and compare the guilds of parasitic Hymenoptera associated with the grain aphid on rye and winter wheat. Of the seven species of primary parasitoids (Braconidae: Aphidiinae, Aphelinidae), parasitizing colonies of Sitobion avenae, the most numerous and most frequently occurring, included Praon volucre, Aphidius ervi and Aphidius uzbekistanicus. Primary parasitoids of grain aphids were eliminated largely by hyperparasitoids, mostly of the families Megaspilidae (Dendrocerus carpenteri), Figitidae-Alloxystini (Alloxysta spp. and Phaenoglyphis villosa) and Pteromalidae (Pachyneuron aphidis, Asaphes vulgaris, Coruna clavata), but D. carpenteri and Alloxysta spp. belonged to dominants and subdominants, respectively.

scholarly journals Development of high baking quality winter wheat Annie

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 293-295
Author(s):  
P. Horčička ◽  
O. Veškrna ◽  
T. Sedláček ◽  
J. Matyk ◽  
J. Chrpová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Quality Class ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
Very High

Annie is a medium-early winter wheat developed at the Plant Breeding Station, Stupice, SELGEN, a.s., Czech Republic and registered in the Czech Republic in 2014. In the Official Variety Trials this variety showed very high baking quality class E combined with higher grain yield than in the check variety Akteur with similar grain quality. It carries Pch1 gene conferring resistance to eyespot and possesses combined resistance to most diseases together with excellent frost resistance.

scholarly journals Response of Lithuanian Winter Wheat Advanced Lines to Common Bunt (Tilletia tritici (BJERK.) WINT)

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Vytautas Ruzgas ◽  
Žilvinas Liatukas
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Very High

Response of Lithuanian Winter Wheat Advanced Lines to Common Bunt (Tilletia tritici (BJERK.) WINT) The study was carried out at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture in an artificially inoculated nursery during 2006-2007. Resistance to common bunt in 2006 was tested for 71, in 2007 for 118 breeding lines of Lithuanian winter wheat from the competitive trial nursery. Additionally, 148 promising lines were selected and tested from the check nursery, which possessed some resistance in their pedigree ancestors. The average disease incidence in 2006 and 2007 was 80.9 and 63.5%, respectively. The very high infection level highlighted the genotypes with the most effective resistance under conditions highly favourable for common bunt. There were no lines without infected ears. Among the 29 breeding lines tested in the two years, two lines Bill/Aspirant and Dream/Lut.9329 were infected the least, 17.2% and 1.9% in 2006 and 18.5% and 7.8% in 2007, respectively. Most of the breeding lines were highly susceptible. Lines with disease incidence over 50% accounted for over 90% in 2006 and 80% in 2007 of the total lines tested. The most resistant lines had in their pedigrees the following resistance sources: genotypes Bill, Lut.9329, Strumok, Lut.9313, Lut.9358, Tommi as well as Dream, Haldor, 91002G2.1, 96/101, Bezenchiukskaya380.

Natural radioactivity in winter wheat from organic and conventional agricultural systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patric Lindahl ◽  
Alain Maquet ◽  
Mikael Hult ◽  
Joël Gasparro ◽  
Gerd Marissens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Agricultural Systems

The influence of host food plants on host recognition by four aphidiine parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Powell ◽  
A.F. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Attack Rate ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Host Recognition ◽  
Aphidius Ervi ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Host Preferences ◽  
Aphid Parasitoids ◽  
Laboratory Populations

AbstractThe attack rate of four parasitoids against different aphid species was investigated in the absence and presence of leaves from aphid food plants. The parasitoids used, Aphidius ervi Haliday, A. rhopalosiphi De Stefani, A. picipes (Nees) and Ephedrus plagiator Nees, varied in the extent of their host ranges. The presence of plant leaves significantly influenced the attack rate of A. ervi and A. rhopalosiphi, the two parasitoids with the most restricted host ranges, but did not appear to affect attack rates by the more polyphagous A. picipes and E. plagiator. Consideration of these results together with those from previous studies on the host preferences of laboratory populations of A. ervi and A. rhopalosiphi leads to the conclusion that genotype is probably determining the responses of individual parasitoids to semiochemicals involved in host recognition. It is proposed that field populations of oligophagous aphid parasitoids consist of a mixture of specialist and generalist individuals.

Control of Glyphosate-Resistant Giant Ragweed in Winter Wheat

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 868-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris J. Mahoney ◽  
Kristen E. McNaughton ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Giant Ragweed ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

Four field experiments were conducted over a 2-yr period (2012 and 2013) in winter wheat to evaluate POST herbicides for the control of glyphosate-resistant (GR) giant ragweed. POST herbicides were evaluated for winter wheat injury and GR giant ragweed control, population density, and aboveground biomass. The herbicides used in this study provided 54 to 90% and 51 to 97% control of GR giant ragweed at 4 and 8 wk after treatment (WAT), respectively. At 8 WAT, auxinic herbicide treatments or herbicide tank mix/premix treatments that contained auxinics provided 78 to 97% control of GR giant ragweed. Reductions in GR giant ragweed population density and aboveground biomass were 62 to 100% and 83 to 100%, respectively, and generally reflected the level of control. The results of this research indicate that Ontario, Canada, corn and soybean growers should continue to incorporate winter wheat into their crop rotation as one component of an integrated weed management (IWM) strategy for the control of GR giant ragweed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document