scholarly journals Composite thrips, Microcephalothrips abdominalis, a new alien species for Bulgarian fauna

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 132-134
Author(s):  
Katia Trencheva ◽  
Alexandur Popov ◽  
Georgi Trenchev
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Tobacco Streak Virus ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
Adult Females

Microcephalothrips abdominalis (Crawford, 1910) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) has been reported as a new alien species for Bulgarian fauna. The composite thrips were recorded during complex research on Thysanoptera diversity in the southwestern part of Bulgaria, with a special emphasis on the locality of the Petrich region. The thrips specimens, especially the adult females were collected on the 18<sup>th</sup> of May 2004, but the material was slide-mounted and identified in 2019. The species was found on Calendula officinalis Linnaeus only and has since become established outdoors. M. abdominalis could be a potential threat for this region of Bulgaria, especially in glasshouses with an ability to transmit economically important viruses such as Tobacco Streak Virus (TSV).

scholarly journals Sources of Resistance to Tobacco streak virus in Wild Arachis (Fabaceae: Papilionoidae) Germplasm

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 1585-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kalyani ◽  
A. S. Reddy ◽  
P. Lava Kumar ◽  
R. D. V. J. Prasada Rao ◽  
R. Aruna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Tobacco Streak Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Southern States ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
Stem Necrosis ◽  
Peanut Cultivars

Stem necrosis disease caused by Tobacco streak virus (TSV), first recognized in 2000, has emerged as a potential threat to peanut (Arachis hypogaea) in southern states of India. The virus induces severe necrosis of shoots leading to death of the plant, and plants that survive are malformed, with severe reduction in pod yield. All the currently grown peanut cultivars in India are highly susceptible to the virus. Therefore, wild relatives of peanut were evaluated to identify potential sources of resistance to TSV infection. In all, 56 germplasm accessions from 20 wild Arachis spp. in four sections (Arachis, Erectoides, Procumbente, and Rhizomatosae), along with susceptible peanut cultivars (JL 24 and K 1375), were evaluated for resistance to TSV under greenhouse conditions using mechanical sap inoculations. Systemic virus infection, determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in the test accessions ranged between 0 and 100%. Twenty-four accessions in section Arachis that had 0 to 35% systemically infected plants were retested, and systemic infection was not detected in eight of these accessions in repeated trials in the greenhouse. These are International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics groundnut (ICG) accession nos. 8139, 8195, 8200, 8203, 8205, and 11550 belonging to A. duranensis; ICG 8144 belonging to A. villosa; and ICG 13210 belonging to A. stenosperma. Even though the resistant accessions had 0 to 100% TSV infection in inoculated leaves, TSV was not detected in the subsequently emerged leaves. This is the first report of TSV resistance in Arachis spp. The eight TSV resistant accessions are cross compatible with A. hypogaea for utilization in breeding for stem necrosis disease resistance.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization Coat Protein Gene of Tobacco streak virus Causing Peanut Stem Necrosis Disease in Coastal and Rayalaseema Districts of Andhra Pradesh, South-India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Saratbabu ◽  
K. Vemana ◽  
A.K. Patibanda ◽  
B. Sreekanth ◽  
V. Srinivasa Rao
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Tobacco Streak Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cp Gene ◽  
Stem Necrosis

Background: Peanut stem necrosis disease (PSND) caused by Tobacco streak virus (TSV) is a major constraint for groundnut production in Andhra Pradesh (A.P.). However, studies on prevalence and spread of the disease confined to only few districts of A.P. with this background current study focused on incidence and spread of the disease in entire state of A.P. Further an isolate of TSV occurring in A.P. characterized on the basis of genetic features by comparing with other TSV isolates originated from different hosts and locations from world.Methods: Roving survey was conducted during kharif 2017-18 in groundnut growing districts of Andhra Pradesh (A.P.) for peanut stem necrosis disease incidence. Groundnut plants showing PSND symptoms were collected and tested with direct antigen coating enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAC-ELISA). Groundnut samples found positive by ELISA once again tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The representative TSV-GN-INDVP groundnut isolate from Prakasham district was maintained on cowpea seedlings by standard sap inoculation method in glasshouse for further molecular characterization. The Phylogenetic tree for coat protein (CP) gene was constructed using aligned sequences with 1000 bootstrap replicates following neighbor-joining phylogeny.Result: Thirty-eight (52.7%) of seventy-two groundnut samples collected from different locations in A.P were given positive reaction to TSV by DAC-ELISA. For the first time, PSND incidence observed in coastal districts (Krishna, Guntur, Sri Pottisriramulu Nellore, Prakasham) of A.P. Maximum PSND incidence recorded from Bathalapalli (22.2%) and the minimum incidence in Mulakalacheruvu (4.1%). The coat protein (CP) gene of TSV-GN-INDVP groundnut isolate was amplified by RT-PCR and it shared maximum per cent nucleotide identity (97.51-98.62%) with TSV isolates from groundnut and other different crops reported in India. All Indian isolates cluster together irrespective of crop and location based on the phylogenetic analysis.

scholarly journals The host range of Tobacco streak virus in India and transmission by thrips

2003 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
R D V J PRASADA RAO ◽  
A S REDDY ◽  
S V REDDY ◽  
K THIRUMALA-DEVI ◽  
S CHANDER RAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Tobacco Streak Virus ◽  
Streak Virus

scholarly journals First Report of Tobacco Streak Virus Infecting Summer Squash in Georgia, U.S.A

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bag ◽  
A. Tabassum ◽  
J. Brock ◽  
B. Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Streak Virus ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
First Report ◽  
Summer Squash

Tobacco streak virus: an emerging threat to cotton cultivation in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vinodkumar ◽  
S. Nakkeeran ◽  
V. G. Malathi ◽  
G. Karthikeyan ◽  
P. Amala Balu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Streak Virus ◽  
Streak Virus

Re-emergence of Tobacco streak virus Infecting Soybean in the United States and Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa D. Irizarry ◽  
Carol L. Groves ◽  
Manjula G. Elmore ◽  
Carl A. Bradley ◽  
Ranjit Dasgupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tobacco Streak Virus ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Plant Maturity ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Variable Weather

Tobacco streak virus (TSV) has an extensive plant host range, but until recently has not been a common problem in North American soybean. TSV is associated with bud blight and yield loss due to reduced plant height and density, and delayed seed development and plant maturity. TSV has been reported in recent years in Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, and Wisconsin, as well as Ontario, Canada. Presence of the virus was confirmed by ELISA. In an Iowa field with high incidence, regression analysis indicated a significant positive relationship between incidence and seed moisture. TSV is seed and pollen transmitted, as well as being spread by thrips. Increasingly variable weather creating favorable conditions for thrips may be facilitating the rise of TSV. The combination of increased incidence of TSV with associated potential for yield loss and few known management methods brings attention to the need for further research. Accepted for publication 14 April 2016. Published 26 April 2016.

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