scholarly journals  Norway spruce litterfall and forest floor in the IUFRO thinning experiment CZ 13 – Vítkov

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Novák ◽  
M. Slodičák ◽  
D. Dušek ◽  
D. Kacálek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Humus Horizons

The effect of thinning on litterfall and decomposition of biomass was investigated in Norway spruce IUFRO thinning experiment (CZ-13), Czech Republic. The experiment was established in 1971 in an 8-year-old spruce stand on former farmland. Quantity and quality of litterfall and biomass from humus horizons were analysed in two treatments (1C &ndash; no thinning, 2T &ndash; heavy thinning at the young age). Forest floor was investigated in 2002, 2004, 2005&nbsp;and 2009 and litterfall was observed in the period 2002&ndash;2009. Accumulated dry mass in forest floor after 39&nbsp;years of existence of spruce stands continually decreased until the age of 46 years (from 80&ndash;100 to 30&ndash;50 Mg&middot;ha<sup>&ndash;1</sup>). Under thinned stand, a lower amount of dry mass was observed compared to the control. Although mean total annual litterfall was the same in both treatments (5.3 Mg&middot;ha<sup>&ndash;1</sup>), the observed trend indicates a possible effect of thinning on the higher rate of decomposition. With the exception of calcium (2002&ndash;2005 samples) we found the forest floor lower in nutrients and litterfall higher in nutrients in thinned plot compared to the control. Our results supported the theory that early thinning is an appropriate silvicultural strategy helping spruce to cope with growth conditions on sites naturally dominated by broadleaves. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Effect of insecticide-treated trap logs and lure traps for Ips typographus(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) management on nontarget arthropods catching in Norway spruce stands

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lubojacký ◽  
J. Holuša
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Ips Typographus ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Nontarget Organisms ◽  
Thanasimus Formicarius ◽  
Spruce Stands

The numbers of nontarget arthropods captured by Theysohn pheromone traps (TPTs) and insecticide-treated tripod trap logs (TRIPODs) were compared; both kinds of traps were baited with pheromone lures Pheagr IT for Ips typographus. In 2010, 15 TPTs and 15 TRIPODs were deployed (with a 10-m spacing) in a forest in the northeastern Czech Republic. The TPTs and TRIPODs were inspected weekly during the entire period of I. typographus flight activity (30 April&ndash;1 October). The TRIPODs were sprayed with Vaztak 10 SC insecticide every 7 weeks; at each spraying, the pheromone evaporators were renewed. Higher numbers of entomophagous arthropods, including the predacious beetles Thanasimus formicarius and T. femoralis, were captured by the TRIPODs than by the TPTs. The number of Thanasimus spp. captured by TRIPODs was especially high at the end of April. The efficacy of TRIPODs for the control of I. typographus could be maintained while the kill of nontarget organisms could be reduced by deploying the evaporators 1 week later (in early May rather than in late April) in relation to the recommended date of dispenser installation. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Changes in the nutrition and health status of young Norway spruce stands in the Krkonoše Mts. in a 17-year period

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 344-354
Author(s):  
Novotný Radek ◽  
Lomský Bohumír ◽  
Šrámek Vít
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Future Health ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
N Nutrition ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Spruce Needles

For 17 Norway spruce stands located in the Krkonoše Mts. in the Czech Republic a long-term assessment of defoliation, height increment, foliage concentration of nutrients (N, P, Ca, K, Mg) and stress elements (S, F) was carried out. The results show a decrease of defoliation and a slight increase of height increment, which occur in accordance with the decreasing concentration of sulphur in spruce needles. However, neither sulphur concentration nor height increment trends are significant, suggesting that both the main pollution abatement and the growth resumption took place already in the 1990’s. During the late 1990’s the average spruce defoliation was greater than 35%, while since 2007 it has fluctuated between 18 and 25%, which corresponds with the figures for the forest stands located in the other regions of the Czech Republic. The evaluation of single nutrient concentrations detected occasional deficiencies of P and Mg at individual plots. The good N nutrition (&gt; 15 mg N·g<sup>–1</sup>) in combination with a significantly decreasing trend of P, K and Ca concentrations in Norway spruce needles may potentially constitute a problem in regard to both the future health and the stability of forest stands in the studied region.

Specific leaf area and needle weight of Norway spruce (Piceaabies) in stands of different densities

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hager ◽  
H. Sterba
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Specific Leaf Area ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Regression Function ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Needle Age ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
A Minor

During an investigation on the effects of differing stand densities on biomass distribution, owing to thinning in 17-year-old Norway spruce stands, specific leaf area (SLA) and 100-needle dry mass were measured for three diameter at breast height (DBH) classes, five canopy sections, and two needle age-classes. Mean SLA was found to be 50 ± 17 cm2/g. High correlation of SLA and 100-needle dry mass with DBH, crown position, and needle age was found. Older needles had a lower mean SLA than the current years needles, while they did not differ significantly in their 100-needles dry mass. Thinning proved to be a minor factor for foliage variability, since DBH, which is dependent upon thinning and the trees competitive status, explained a major part of variation in leaf morphology. A third-degree polynomial regression function could be developed to predict SLA from 100-needle dry mass. This function shows wide validity. It applies to all DBH classes and crown sections. It also shows good fit for older trees from totally different sites. To predict the total leaf area of a crown stratum, only the dry mass of 100 needles and the total needle biomass of the stratum must be known.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and differentiation of even-aged Norway spruce stands in Latvia

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Dainis Rungis ◽  
Zane Lībiete ◽  
Anna Korica ◽  
Juris Katrevičs ◽  
Āris Jansons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Positive Message ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
The 1960S

Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) is an important species in Latvia both ecologically and economically, and has been subjected to silvicultural management in Latvia since at least the middle of the 19th century. Forest regeneration activities starting in the 1960s resulted in the establishment of spruce stands with uncertified and often undocumented reproductive material. These spruce stands were often established by sowing, and no research or clear guidelines regarding the optimal density were available. As a result, many spruce stands were established and maintained at a high density. The growth of young spruce stands is initially slow, with annual height increment of 10-20 cm until the trees reach height of approximately two meters and in favourable growth conditions this stage is followed by a rapid increase in all stand parameters. However, the growth of some even-aged pure spruce stands abruptly declines at the age of approximately 40 years, while in other stands of similar age and composition this decrease or collapse is not observed. A comprehensive survey of even-aged spruce stands in Latvia has been undertaken, and factors influencing this decline in the growth potential of even-aged spruce stands have also been investigated, however, the genetic diversity and differentiation of even-aged spruce stands has not been investigated. A total of 19 SSR markers were utilised to genotype the 7 even aged spruce stands with differing growth potential. The genetic analysis and comparison of the perspective and non-perspective even-aged spruce stands indicated that the genetic diversity was not decreased in the non-perspective stands, and that genetic differentiation between stands and groups with differing growth potential assessments was low. The results obtained in this study suggest that the growth potential of even-aged Norway spruce stands is more dependent on the influence of environmental factors and management regime than genetic factors. This is a positive message, as in this case the conditions may be changed by the application of suitable management regime.

scholarly journals Salvia verticillata L. in the Czech Republic – variability of morphological characteristics, seed quality and essential oil content

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Dušek ◽  
Elena Dušková ◽  
Kateřina Smékalová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Testing Method

Lilac sage (Whorled sage), as one of the medicinal plants chosen as perspective for the recultivation of flowering meadows in the Czech Republic, was studied for the variability of its morphological cha­rac­ters, seed quality and content of essential oil. Seven particular populations of this genus were stu­died in the Czech Republic and there were found statistically significant differences in morphological characters (height and width of plants, length and width of leaves and length of inflorescences) but not in the content of the essential oil. Studied populations reached only between 0.028 and 0.072% of essential oil in dry mass and also the quality of seeds was found very low (germination between 0–52%) in the seeds from natural localities but this fact could be influenced by testing method.

scholarly journals Allometric relationships for the estimation of dry mass of aboveground organs in young highland Norway spruce stand

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Marková ◽  
Radek Pokorný
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Allometric Relationships ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
Biomass Expansion Factors ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
The One

This study falls into site-specific studies (here in the Drahanská vrchovina Highland) focusing on the determination of allometric relationships between the stem dendrometric and biomass parameters in young Norway spruce stands. The total aboveground biomass (TB) of a sampled tree with 14.9 m in height and 15.5 cm in stem diameter at 1.3 m (DBH) averaged to 110.3 kg. The stem biomass participated on average by 54 %, branch biomass by 24 % and needle biomass by 22 % on the TB of the sampled spruce tree. TB of the tree and the biomass of individual aboveground tree organs were predicted with the highest accuracy (over 91 %) from DBH or a stem diameter at the one tenth of the tree height using allometric-power functions. The stem diameters up to 70 % of the relative tree height predicted TB accurately (over 95 %) as well. The biomass expansion factors based on the stem volume expansion to TB of the tree, as well as the biomass of each of the aboveground tree organs did not show functional dependency on DBH.

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