scholarly journals Occurrence of Phytophthora multivora and Phytophthora plurivora in the Czech Republic

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mrázková ◽  
K. Černý ◽  
M. Tomšovský ◽  
V. Strnadová ◽  
B. Gregorová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Phytophthora Species ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Level Of Invasion ◽  
Elevational Distribution ◽  
High Level ◽  
South Moravia

Beginning in 2006, a survey of two related Phytophthora species, P. multivora and P. plurivora, was performed in the Czech Republic. Both pathogens were distributed throughout a broad range of environments including forest and riparian stands and probably became naturalised in the country. The two species differed in their frequency and elevational distribution. P. multivora was less frequent, but commonly occurred in the lowest regions such as Central Bohemia and South Moravia, i.e. areas which generally exhibit a high level of invasion. This species was isolated primarily from Quercus robur and found to be involved in oak decline. Moreover it poses a high risk to other forest trees. P. plurivora was distributed in a broad range of elevations over the entire area. A substrate specificity was detected in P. plurivora – the isolates from forest trees were more aggressive to such trees than the isolates from ericaceous ornamental plants.  

scholarly journals The Assessment of Level of Flash Floods Threat of Urbanised Areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavla Štěpánková ◽  
Miroslav Dumbrovský ◽  
Karel Drbal
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Flood Risk Assessment ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Technical Measures

Flash floods (or torrential rain flooding) is another type of flood hazard which has caused casualties and significant property damages. A methodology for identification of urban areas, which can potentially be burdened by that type of flood hazard, was proposed. This method, also called Method of Critical Points (CP), is a repeatable process able to identify areas, which are significant in terms of formation of surface run‑off and erosion. As addition to the preliminary flood risk assessment according to EU Directive 2007/60/ES on the Assessment and Management of Flood Risks, the presented methodology was applied for the entire area of the Czech Republic and the results are being used for the updating of non‑technical measures, e.g. urban planning. In the article, the principles of methodology of CP are described and results of the first application in the Czech Republic are presented, as well as possible interpretations of them.

scholarly journals Changes of dipteran pests in agricultural, horticultural and ornamental plants during the 20th century

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Šefrová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
The Czech Republic

Results of an analysis of dipteran pests composition and changes of their importance in agricultural, horticultural and ornamental plants during the 20th century are given. Even 89 Diptera species have been registered as pests of these plants (1.1 % of all species known in the Czech Republic). Of these ca 14 (16%) species caused regular and important and other 23 (26%) species occasional damages. The remaining 52 (58%) species are unimportant, local and sporadic pests. Only small changes (10% maximally) in the species composition of more important dipteran pests have been registered during the century.

scholarly journals Exploring citizen science in post-socialist space: Uncovering its hidden character in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Duží ◽  
Robert Osman ◽  
Jiří Lehejček ◽  
Eva Nováková ◽  
Pavel Taraba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Representation ◽  
Science Projects ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Search Approach ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Citizen science is a relatively new phenomenon in the Czech Republic and currently a general overview of existing citizen science projects is not available. This presents the challenge to uncover the ‘hidden’ citizen science landscapes. The main objective of this paper is to explore the (public) representation of citizen science (CS) projects and to describe their heterogeneity. The study aims to answer the question of what type of projects in the Czech Republic meet the definition of citizen science. Based on a specific methodological data-base search approach, we compiled a set of CS projects (N = 73). During the classification process, two general citizen science categories were identified. The first group (N = 46) consists of “pure” CS projects with a prevalence towards the natural sciences, principally ornithology, and thus corresponding to general European trends. Citizens usually participate in such research in the form of data collection and basic interpretation, and a high level of cooperation between academia and NGOs was detected. The second group of “potential” CS projects (N = 27) entails various forms of public participation in general, frequently coordinated by NGOs. Based on these results, we discuss the position of citizen science in the Czech Republic, including socially-oriented citizen science. Further research is strongly encouraged to achieve a more in-depth insight into this social phenomenon.

scholarly journals Territorial System of Ecological Stability as a regional example for Green Infrastructure planning in the Czech Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Skokanová ◽  
Tomáš Slach
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Interconnected System ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
South Moravia

The  concept  of  Green  Infrastructure  (GI)  is  still  relatively  new  in  the  Czech Republic. When looking at the definition of GI, one can recognise a  relationship  with  the  Czech  Territorial  System  of  Ecological  Stability  (TSES),  which  is  defined  as  “an  interconnected  system  of  natural  as  well as modified semi-natural ecosystems keeping the natural balance”. TSES is a designed system and is an integral part of territorial plans. This article focuses on TSES and its relationship to GI, how it is implemented in  a  Czech  case  study  representing  intensively  used  agricultural  region  in  South  Moravia,  what  the  main  obstacles  are  to  its  implementation  and how TSES can contribute to the connectivity of the landscape. Our results show that nearly two thirds of the planned TSES in the case study area  already  exist  to  some  degree.  There  is  a  difference  between  the  number  and  the  area  of  existing  TSES  elements:  the  area  of  existing  elements  shows  higher  relative  values  than  the  number.  This  is  mainly  due to bio-centres that exist in large forest complexes and their pre-set minimal parameters. Creation of TSES elements increases connectivity of GI, especially those characterised as core areas and bridges

scholarly journals Spatial modelling of assumption of tourism development with geographic IT using

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 279-294
Author(s):  
Jitka Machalová ◽  
Ida Vajčnerová ◽  
Kateřina Ryglová
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Spatial Modelling ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
High Level

The aim of this article is to show the possibilities of spatial modelling and analysing of assumptions of tourism development in the Czech Republic with the objective to make decision-making processes in tourism easier and more efficient (for companies, clients as well as destination managements). The development and placement of tourism depend on the factors (conditions) that influence its application in specific areas. These factors are usually divided into three groups: selective, localization and realization. Tourism is inseparably connected with space – countryside. The countryside can be modelled and consecutively analysed by the means of geographical information technologies. With the help of spatial modelling and following analyses the localization and realization conditions in the regions of the Czech Republic have been evaluated. The best localization conditions have been found in the Liberecký region. The capital city of Prague has negligible natural conditions; however, those social ones are on a high level. Next, the spatial analyses have shown that the best realization conditions are provided by the capital city of Prague. Then the Central-Bohemian, South-Moravian, Moravian-Silesian and Karlovarský regions follow. The development of tourism destination is depended not only on the localization and realization factors but it is basically affected by the level of local destination management. Spatial modelling can help destination managers in decision-making processes in order to optimal use of destination potential and efficient targeting their marketing activities.

scholarly journals Comparison of the growth pattern of black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) in two riparian forests in the region of South Moravia, Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Šálek ◽  
P. Hejcmanová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Black Walnut ◽  
Riparian Forests ◽  
Juglans Nigra ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
South Moravia

The black walnut (Juglans nigra L.), an introduced species into the Czech Republic, is planted for its production of valuable timber. A systematic study of the black walnut growth rate at different localities and consequently the creation of standard volume tables under Central European conditions therefore appear to be of high relevance. The aim of our study was to reveal the black walnut growth pattern in its pure stands in two riparian forests along the Morava and Svratka River (Strážnice locality and Židlochovice locality, respectively). To describe and to compare relationships among diameter at breast height (dbh), tree height and age, we used a forest management plan and measured 573 and 670 trees in pure sample stands at Strážnice and Židlochovice, respectively. We found out that the measured mean DBH and mean height were consistently higher in Strážnice, however the relationships of DBH to height, age to DBH, and age to height showed the same pattern at both localities. The mean heights of trees were 16.3, 24.1, 28.7, 31.9, and 34.5 m in 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 year age classes and were consistently taller in comparison with other, mainly European, regions. Therefore our results suggest the high potential of black walnut in timber production in riparian forests in the Czech Republic, mainly in the South Moravian region.

FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMPETENCE OF THE CITIZENS OF POLAND AND CZECH REPUBLIC WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF CURRENT ALL-EUROPEAN LINGUISTIC

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 512-523
Author(s):  
Yevhen Gromov ◽  
Alla Kolomiiets ◽  
Natalia Lazarenko ◽  
Olesia Zhovnych ◽  
Liliia Biretska
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Level ◽  
Economic Nature

The comparative analysis of the foreign language competence among the citizens of Poland and Czech Republic has been accomplished. The received findings were compared with current observations of all-European linguistic tendencies. Having analysed various statistics the authors succeeded in assembling the social portrait of an average multilingual European. The authors have also considered the fact that over the past years the official percentage of multilingual citizens, both in Poland and the Czech Republic, has significantly decreased due to intensive emigration processes. In the authors’ opinion, this problem is mostly of the socio-economic nature and demonstrates rather not the weakness of educational systems, but the ability of educational institutions of both countries to prepare competitive specialists who are able (due to the high level of foreign language competence) to find decent job in the labour-market of the United Europe. It has also been stated that since the foreign language competence has become a professional and cultural prerequisite for creation of the unified globalized Europe, and multilingualism has become a part of the European identity, the future specialists’ foreign language training in Ukraine should be conducted precisely taking into account the prospects of European integration.

Recent findings of viruses of forest trees on the territory of the Czech Republic

1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenko Polák ◽  
Zdenka Procházková ◽  
Hana Branišová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
The Czech Republic

scholarly journals A Faunistic Study on Spiders (Araneae) from Vineyard Terraces in the Municipalities of Morkůvky and Mutěnice (South Moravia, Czech Republic)

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondřej Košulič ◽  
Vladimír Hula
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Red List ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Spider Species ◽  
Artificial Habitats ◽  
South Moravia

Records of spiders of the vineyard terraces from the vicinity of the villages Morkůvky and Mutěnice Jesličky (South Moravia, Czech Republic) are published in the presented work. Spiders were collected by pitfall traping during 30 April – 28 October 2011 and by day and night sweeping of herb vegetation in different dates of 2011. In total 2719 individuals were collected, and identified as 139 species of 23 families. Eighteen species listed in the Red List of threatened species in the Czech Republic were recorded. In vineyard terraces in the vicinity of Morkůvky, 12 threatened species (CR – 2 species, EN – 3 species, VU – 7 species) were found altogether. In the vineyard terraces at Mutěnice, we found 13 threatened spider species (CR – 2 species, EN – 6 species, VU – 5 species). The most significant findings are Alopecosa solitaria (Herman, 1879), Cheiracanthium pennyi O.P.-Cambridge, 1873; Dipoena coracina (C. L. Koch, 1837); Dysdera hungarica Kulczyński, 1897; Eresus kollari Rossi, 1846; Euryopis quinqueguttata Thorell, 1875; Sibianor tantulus (Simon, 1868) and Haplodrassus minor (O.P.-Cambridge, 1879). Besides of these threatened species, we discovered rich spectra of rare spiders related to the well preserved xeric grasslands. Our faunistic results indicate that artificial habitats, such as vineyard terraces, are important refuges for wide spectra of xerothermophilous spiders.

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