scholarly journals Effects of wheat cultivar and harvest year on technological quality studied by univariate and multivariate analyses

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 249-258
Author(s):  
I. Švec ◽  
M. Hrušková ◽  
O. Jirsa
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Milling Quality ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
Harvest Year ◽  
Parameter Values

The effects of wheat cultivar and harvest year on the wheat technological quality were studied by univariate and multivariate statistical methods. Two wheat varieties sown in the harvest years 2003–2005 were used, the first one of European (cultivar Bezostaja, RUS), the second one of American origin (cultivar Jagger, USA). The evaluated parameter values indicated otherness of technological quality of the varieties studied, mostly in the milling effectivity and in proteins contents and quality. Principal component analysis (PCA) results suggested these differences, but their verifiability based on ANOVA testing was not proved. The harvest year mostly affected also the milling quality and alveograph parameters. The baking test results were not affected by either of both effects studied. The crop of 2003 had higher proximity to the crop of 2004 than to that of 2005. Multivariate analysis (cluster analysis; CA), was used to evaluate the interaction between the wheat cultivar and harvest year effects. In comparison of these effects rate, the technological quality of American cultivar Jagger was strongly influenced by the cultivar (with exception of Falling Number and gases volume). In contrast, the quality of the European wheat cultivar Bezostaja depended significantly on the harvest year.

scholarly journals Selected Issues Concerning Degradation of Material in the Production of Injection Molded Plastic Components

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Marek Jałbrzykowski
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Plastic Components ◽  
Injection Molded Plastic ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This paper presents the problem of thermal degradation of thermoplastic materials processed using the injection method. Attention was paid to the issue of the optimal selection of a dye for modifying the base materials. For the selected materials and dyes, derivatograph tests were performed in order to assess their thermal characteristics and breakdown kinetics. Additionally, tribological tests and microscope observations of selected samples were performed. The obtained test results suggest a diverse level of thermal processes in the analyzed materials. This is crucial for the appropriate selection of dyes for plastic materials. As it turned out, the tribological properties of materials can also influence the technological quality of the injected alloy.

scholarly journals Effects of Post-Anthesis Heat Waves on the Grain Quality of Seven European Wheat Varieties

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Tomás ◽  
Wanda Viegas ◽  
Manuela Silva
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Marked Variability ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
First Time

Wheat is undoubtedly one of the most important crops worldwide and it is essential to study how the distinct varieties answer to heat waves associated with climatic changes, in order to design adequate wheat breeding strategies. To assess high temperature (HT) impact in wheat grain characteristics, seven commercial varieties, which have been recommended for production in Portugal, were submitted for one-week HT treatment ten days after anthesis. Firstly, predicted grain technological quality was determined by giving high scores for all varieties studied, based on the allelic compositions of genes encoding high molecular weight glutenins, granule-bound starch synthase and puroindolines. The effects of HT on transcription levels of those genes were, for the first time, evaluated in distinct wheat genotypes, in comparison with control plants. Finally, protein fraction content in mature grains were also estimated in untreated and treated plants. Immature grains from plants, maintained in control conditions, showed significant intervarietal differences in transcription levels of genes associated with grain quality traits, a variability that was significantly reduced in grains from HT treated plants. On the other hand, the influence of HT in mature grain protein-fractions and in gliadin/glutenin ratios revealed intervarietal diversity, even with opposite effects in some varieties. The present study, therefore, discloses marked variability in parameters associated with flour quality between the wheat varieties analyzed, which are differentially affected by HT treatments, similar to heat waves frequently observed in climate change scenarios.

scholarly journals Metabolomics Approach for Discrimination and Quality Control of Natural and Commercial Fallopia multiflora Products in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Thoa ◽  
Nguyen Hai Dang ◽  
Do Hoang Giang ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thu Minh ◽  
Nguyen Tien Dat
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Methods ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Fda Guidance ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
And Control

A precise HPLC-DAD-based quantification together with the metabolomics statistical method was developed to distinguish and control the quality of Fallopia multiflora, a popular medicinal material in Vietnam. Multivariate statistical methods such as hierarchical clustering analysis and principal component analysis were utilized to compare and discriminate six natural and twelve commercial samples. 2,3,4′,5-Tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (THSG) (1), emodin (4), and the new compound 6-hydroxymusizin 8-O-α-D-apiofuranosyl-(1⟶6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (5) could be considered as important markers for classification of F. multiflora. Furthermore, seven phenolics were quantified that the variation in the contents of selected metabolites revealed the differences in the quality of natural and commercial samples. Recovery of the compounds from the analytes was more than 98%, while the limits of detection (LOD) and the limits of quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 0.5 to 6.6 μg/ml and 1.5 to 19.8 μg/ml, respectively. The linearity, LOD, LOQ, precision, and accuracy satisfied the criteria FDA guidance on bioanalytical methods. Overall, this method is a promising tool for discrimination and quality assurance of F. multiflora products.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KUALITAS PELAYANAN INTERNET INDIHOME PADA PT. X DENGAN PENDEKATAN PART LEAST SQUARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Kukuh Winarso ◽  
Moh. Jufriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Inner Model

PT. X Provides paid internet services known as Indihome. The problem that occurs in Indihome Internet service is that there are 42.36% complaints from consumers to the service process provided by PT. X and there is a 7.46% complaint about the amount of the bill. The purpose of this study is to model and know what variables affect the quality of the Indihome Internet service. The method used is Partial Least Square (PLS). Partial Least Square (PLS) is one of the multivariate statistical analysis techniques that can handle multiple response variables and an explanatory variable. The variables used are tangible, empathy, assurance, reliability and responsiveness. The results of the research are the increase of R square value after the implementation of the A5 indicator that does not meet the model PLS. All five variables affect the quality of indihome Internet service is 76,1%. Based on the hypothesis test results on the outer model It is said that the variable indicator is valid with p-value = 0 < 0,05. In testing the inner model obtained that the variable tangible and responsiveness has no significant effect on the quality of Internet service Indihome, while the variable empathy, assurance, reliability significantly affect the quality of service Indihome Internet.

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality for Aquaculture in Hau River, Mekong Delta, Vietnam Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3307
Author(s):  
Fridah Gacheri Mutea ◽  
Howard Kasigwa Nelson ◽  
Hoa Van Au ◽  
Truong Giang Huynh ◽  
Ut Ngoc Vu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Accumulation Factor ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Aquaculture Production

The deterioration signs of water quality in the Hau River are apparent. The present study analyzed the surface water quality of the Hau River using multivariate statistical techniques, including principal component analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA). Eleven water quality parameters were analyzed at 19 different sites in An Giang and Can Tho Provinces for 12 months from January to December 2019. The findings show high levels of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Soluble Solids (TSS), and total coliform, all year round. The PCA revealed that all the water quality parameters influenced the water quality of the Hau River, hence the relevance for water sample scrutiny. The dendrogram of similarity between sampling sites showed a maximum similarity of 95.6%. The Accumulation Factor (AF) trend showed that the concentrations/values of TSS, BOD, and phosphate (PO43−) in the downstream were 1.29, 1.53, and 1.52 times, respectively, greater than the upstream levels. Despite most of the parameters analyzed supporting aquaculture production, caution is needed in the regulation of pollution point sources to undertake sustainable aquaculture production.

Technological quality of spring wheat lines at different rainfall levels

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gut ◽  
A. Bichoński
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Gluten Quality ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Baking Industry

Due to developments in the food and baking industry, grain quality determines prices and market options to a large extent. The introduction of high quality wheat varieties into cultivation requires not only favourable technological parameters, but also good adaptation to unfavourable environmental conditions. The level of rainfall in Poland during the spring and summer differs greatly from one years to the other, so the varieties introduced into cultivation must be capable of giving high values of quality parameters with both an excess and deficit of rainfall. the aim of the present work was thus to study whether the quantity of rainfall affected the technological traits determining the industrial usefulness of the crop, and if so, in what way. interactions were observed between the evaluated genotypes and the environmental conditions (particular years and locations), which greatly influenced the average level of the technological traits. This was most strongly observed for traits related to gluten quantity and quality. the rainfall level over the whole vegetation period was not correlated with the technological traits examined, while the rainfall measured in May significantly influenced the sedimentation value and water absorption (r= -0.68** and r= -0.54*), which are the traits most strongly related to the gluten quality and rheological qualities of the dough.

scholarly journals Hydrochemistry and multivariate statistical analysis of the quality of water from Lake Bosomtwe for agricultural and human consumption

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 704-719
Author(s):  
Gordon Amankwaa ◽  
Xifeng Yin ◽  
Liming Zhang ◽  
Weihong Huang ◽  
Yunfei Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Sodium Absorption Ratio ◽  
Piper Trilinear Diagram ◽  
Lake Bosomtwe

Abstract One of the six major meteoric lakes in the world, Lake Bosomtwe, is of great ecological significance for Ghanaians and the scientific community, most importantly for agricultural and human consumption. Water samples (n = 30) were collected to analyze the hydrogeochemical characteristics and water quality of the lake. Statistical methods including correlation, principal component, cluster analysis, Gibbs ratio, and the Piper–Trilinear diagram were used to analyze parameters. The Water Quality Index revealed that the lake water is not suitable for human consumption because measured pH, temperature, total dissolved solids, color, and bicarbonate exceeded their respective thresholds on all occasions. The calculated sodium absorption ratio (13.7–14.8) and soluble sodium percentage (94.43–95.43%) showed that the lake is not appropriate for irrigation as they exceeded their respective limit of 2 and 60%. The Gibbs ratio revealed that rock–water interaction is the underlying mechanism for water evolution. The Piper–Trilinear diagram revealed that alkalies earth and weak acids dominate the water chemistry of the lake. The dominant cation is sodium (82.22%), while the dominant anion is bicarbonate (79.39%). Five monitoring stations were identified, and the water quality was influenced by diverse anthropogenic and natural sources. The findings will provide a reference for policymakers and decision-makers at Lake Bosomtwe.

scholarly journals Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Udayagiri area, Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, South India Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arveti Nagaraju ◽  
Arveti Thejaswi ◽  
Yenamala Sreedhar
Keyword(s):  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
South India ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hydrogeochemical Processes ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Correlation Matrices ◽  
El Alto ◽  
High Level

Hydrogeochemical studies were carried out in and around Udayagiri area of Andhra Pradesh in order to assess the chemistry of the groundwater and to identify the dominant hydrogeochemical processes and mechanisms responsible for the evolution of the chemical composition of the groundwater. Descriptive statistics, correlation matrices, principal component analysis (PCA), together with cluster analysis (CA) were used to gain an understanding of the hydrogeochemical processes in the study area. PCA has identified 4 main processes influencing the groundwater chemistry viz., mineral precipitation and dissolution, seawater intrusion, cation exchange, and carbonate balance. Further, three clusters C1, C2 and C3 were obtained. Samples from C1 contain high level of Cl− and may be due to the intensive evaporation and contamination from landfill leachate. Most of the samples from C2 are located closer to the sea and the high level of Na+ +K+ in these samples may be attributed to seawater intrusion. The geochemistry of water samples in C3 are more likely to originate from rock weathering. This has been supported by Gibbs diagram. The groundwater geochemistry in the study area is mostly of natural origin, but is influenced to some degree by human activity.  Evaluación de la calidad del agua subterránea a través de técnicas estadísticas multivariadas en el área Udayagiri, distrito Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, en el sur de IndiaResumenSe realizaron estudios hidrogeoquímicos en y alrededor del área Udayagiri de Andhra Pradesh para evaluar la química del agua subterránea e identificar los procesos hidrogeoquímicos dominantes y los mecanismos responsables de la evolución en la composición química del agua subterránea. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas, matrices de correlación, análisis de componentes principales, al igual que análisis de grupos, para obtener y entender los procesos hidrogeoquímicos en el área de estudio. Los análisis de componentes principales identificaron cuatro procesos determinantes que influenciaron la química del agua subterránea, estos son, la precipitación y disolución de minerales, l intrusión de agua marina, el intercambio de cationes y el equilibrio de carbonatos. De esta forma se obtuvieron tres grupos, C1, C2, y C3. Las muestras del grupo C1 contienen un alto nivel de Cl- , lo que podría deberse a la intensa evaporación y contaminación de los lixiviados de rellenos sanitarios. Muchas de las muestras del grupo C2 se ubican cerca del mar y el alto nivel de Na++K+ podría atriburise a la intrusión de agua marina. La geoquímica de las muestras de agua en el grupo C3 probablemente se desprende de la meteorización de rocas. El diagrama de Gibbs valida estos resultados. La geoquímica del agua subterránea en el área de estudio es principalmente de origen natural pero también está influenciado por la actividad humana en algún grado.

scholarly journals Wheat hardness in relation to other quality factors

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 240-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hrušková ◽  
I. Švec
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Grain Hardness ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Milling Quality ◽  
Spring Type ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
South Moravia ◽  
Quality Features

The analysis of the wheat hardness relation to other quality features was done with a set of 281 variety and commercial wheat samples, planted during the years of 2003–2006 in Central Bohemia and south Moravia areas. Technological quality was evaluated for grain, milling process, and flour analytics with the standard laboratory methods. The grain hardness was measured using NIR spectrophotometer Inframatic 8600. Tukey’s test (ANOVA) of the grain hardness was performed for comparison between the means of wheat variety, wheat origin, crop year, growing locality, and farming intensity. As expected, the grain hardness of wheat varieties belonging to different quality classes was independent of either their classification or winter/spring type. Between all four locality means, the grain hardness among 281 samples differed insignificantly, while in the crops of 2004 and 2006 a provable increase of the kernel compactness was observed. The correlation analysis confirmed a role of the grain hardness in the milling quality assessment because of the proved correlation with 11 grain and milling quality features from the 12 tested. The strongest relation was calculated with the grain ash content, semolina yield, and flour protein content (–0.55, 0.52, 0.42, respectively).

scholarly journals STUDI PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR DOMESTIK DENGAN BIOFILTER MEDIA IJUK

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
I Wayan Eka Parama Putra ◽  
I Gede Herry Purnama
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
System Effectiveness

ABSTRAK Hotel di kawasan pariwisata merupakan salah satu sumber penghasil limbah cair domestik. Pengolahan limbah cair domestik dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan ijuk sebagai media biofilter untuk mengolah limbah cair domestik dari hotel. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimental. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data primer dari hasil pengujian laboratorium. Pada penelitian ini parameter yang akan diteliti adalah BOD5, COD, TDS, dan pH. Berdasarkan sampel yang diambil di salah satu hotel di Kota Denpasar, nilai rata-rata parameternya antara lain: BOD5 sebesar 86,71 mg/L, COD sebesar 122,3 mg/L, TDS sebesar 529 mg/L, dan pH 8. Sebelum diuji dilakukan seeding selama 2 minggu untuk menumbuhkan bakteri di dalam reaktor. Efektivitas sistem yang diperoleh selama 5 minggu pengujian memiliki nilai rata-rata sebesar 33,05%, dengan persentase efektivitas penurunan parameter pencemar antara lain: BOD sebesar 46,47%, COD sebesar 39,88%, TDS sebesar 12,81%. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja reaktor seperti: air limbah yang dipergunakan memiliki kualitas yang fluktuatif, cara penyusunan media biofilter, dan kondisi lingkungan saat penelitian dilakukan. Kata Kunci: Ijuk, Biofilter, Air Limbah Domestik ABSTRACT Hotels in tourism areas are a source of domestic wastewater. Domestic wastewater treatment is carried out to prevent environmental pollution. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using palm fiber as a biofilter medium to treat domestic wastewater from hotels. The research design used was quasi experimental. The data used in this study are primary data from laboratory test results. In this study, the parameters to be studied are BOD2, COD, TDS, and pH. Based on samples taken at a hotel in Denpasar City, the average parameter values include: BOD5 of 86.71 mg/L, COD of 122.3 mg/L, TDS of 529 mg/L, and pH of 8. Before being tested, seeding was carried out for 2 weeks to grow bacteria in the reactor. The system effectiveness obtained during the 5 weeks of testing has an average value of 33.05%, with the percentage of effectiveness of decreasing pollutant parameters, among others: BOD of 46.47%, COD of 39.88%, TDS of 12.81%. There are several factors that affect the performance of the reactor, such as: the quality of the wastewater used is fluctuating, the way the biofilter media is prepared, and the environmental conditions when the research is carried out. Keywords: Palm Fibers, Biofilter, Domestic Wastewater

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