scholarly journals  Effect of the diet amended with risk elements contaminated soil on risk elements content in tissues and hematological parameters of rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 430-441
Author(s):  
J. Száková ◽  
Z. Novosadová ◽  
V. Zídek ◽  
A. Fučíková ◽  
J. Zídková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Risk Elements ◽  
Element Contents

&nbsp;Penetration of rat organisms by risk elements (As, Cd, Pb) originated from differently contaminated soils as well as interactions between the risk elements and selected essential macro- and microelements were investigated. Rat diet contained 10% of individual soils (based on dry weight) which were: (i) Fluvisol heavily polluted by As, Cd, Zn, and Pb, (ii) Luvisol contaminated by As, Cd, and Zn, and (iii) uncontaminated Chernozem. Male Wistar rats used for the experiment were housed in cages in a room with controlled temperature for 60 days and fed ad libitum on the mentioned diet. The levels of both risk and essential elements were measured in liver, kidney, and bones of the animals and main biochemical parameters were determined to assess potential toxic effect of the soil-derived risk elements. Alternatively, in vitro Physio-<br />logically Based Bioavailability Test (PBET) was used for evaluation of the bioaccessible pool of elements in the soil-amended diets. The element contents in the rat tissues reflected the risk element contents in the contaminated soils. Bioaccessibility and bioavailability of the risk elements decreased in the order Cd &gt; As&nbsp;&gt; Pb and were influenced by the soil physicochemical parameters. Significant changes in essential elements (Cu, Fe, Mg, P) deposition in rat tissues attended the high levels of the risk elements. Total leukocyte count in the blood of the rats fed the heavy polluted soil indicated adverse effect of soil-derived risk elements on biochemical parameters of the animals. &nbsp; &nbsp;

scholarly journals Long-term effect of diet amended by risk elements contaminated soils on risk element penetration and physiological parameters of rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 416-427
Author(s):  
V. Vlčková ◽  
M. Malinová ◽  
B. Koubková ◽  
J. Száková ◽  
V. Zídek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Experimental Diet ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Risk Elements ◽  
Element Contents ◽  
Risk Element

The long-term accumulation of risk elements (As, Cd, Pb) originated from differently contaminated soils in rat organism was investigated during a model two-generation experiment. The effect of soil contamination level, gender, and length of exposure as well as the interactions between risk elements and selected essential macro- and microelements were studied. Rat diet contained 10% of individual soils (based on dry weight): (i) Fluvisol heavily polluted by As, Cd, Zn, and Pb, (ii) Luvisol contaminated by As, Cd, and Zn, and (iii) uncontaminated Chernozem. Male and female Wistar rats used for the experiment were housed in cages in a room with controlled temperature for 60 days and were fed ad libitum the mentioned diets. Subsequently, the pregnant females were continuously fed the experimental diet until weaning when the young animals were separated to male and female and fed the experimental diet till day 110 of age. The element contents in rat tissues reflected the risk element contents in contaminated soils. The bioaccessibility and bioavailability of the risk elements decreased in the order Cd&gt;As&gt;Pb and was affected by the soil physicochemical parameters. No significant differences were observed between male and female rats as well as between the first and the second generation. However, interactions were reported among the risk elements where the high cadmium content in Fluvisol resulted in increasing arsenic accumulation in the rat liver. Moreover, arsenic&ndash;copper interactions were observed where significant increase of the copper level was determined in kidney of the animals fed Luvisol exceeding 50-fold the maximum permissible limits for As content in agricultural soils. Among the hematological and biochemical characteristics of rats, total erythrocyte count (Er), hematocrit (Hct) increased confirming adverse effect of soil-derived risk elements especially in male rats. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Biochemical and hematological parameters in chronic kidney disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
S. Singh ◽  
S. Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Red Blood Cell Count

Background: Chronic kidney disease is a worldwide public health problem. It is associated with various biochemical and hematological abnormalities that leads to morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biochemical and hematological parameters in chronic kidney disease patients.Methods: This is a prospective cross sectional study conducted over a period of six months on 52 chronic kidney disease patients at Kist Medical College Teaching Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal. Biochemical parameters such as urea, creatinine, calcium, phosphorous, sodium, potassium and hematological parameters like hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, total leukocyte count, platelet count were measured using standard techniques in chronic kidney disease cases and the findings were compared with age and sex matched controls. Results were analyzed using SPSS 21 for Windows.Results: Hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, total leukocyte count and platelet count were reduced and statistically significant in chronic kidney disease patients compared to controls(p <0.05).In biochemical parameters, serum urea, creatinine, phosphorous were increased and calcium was reduced which was found statistically significant as compared to controls (p <0.05). The combination of diabetes and hypertension was the lead cause of chronic kidney disease found in 38.46% followed by hypertension alone in 30.76%Conclusion: Biochemical and hematological parameters are deranged in patients with chronic kidney disease. Routine evaluation of these parameters is useful in the management of these patients.

POTASSIUM MOVEMENTS IN RAT UTERUS STUDIED IN VITRO: II. EFFECTS OF METABOLIC INHIBITORS, OUABAIN, AND ALTERED POTASSIUM CONCENTRATIONS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 2085-2105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin E. Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Flux Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Membrane Potentials ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitors ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Longitudinal Muscle Layer ◽  
Exchange Diffusion

1. Sodium fluoride (10−2 M), 2,4-dinitrophenol (10−4 M), and iodoacetate (10−4 M) caused a slight decrease in potassium uptake by the uterus and fluoride and dinitrophenol caused a larger and immediate increase in efflux, resulting in a net loss of potassium. There was apparently a delayed increase in efflux caused by iodoacetate. The effects of inhibitors on efflux were not prevented by the absence of external potassium. The effects of fluoride suggested that it produced inhomogeneity in uterine potassium and analysis of the longitudinal muscle layer separately from the remainder of the uterus suggested that efflux was speeded more in myometrium than in endometrium. This was attributed to the prolonged contracture induced by fluoride. The depolarization required to explain the increases in efflux produced by fluoride and DNP was sufficient to explain the decreases in influx. It was postulated that these inhibitors act by causing depolarization which might be the result of inhibition of an electrogenic sodium pump. Iodoacetate 10−3 M caused a 50% reduction in potassium influx and probably a large immediate increase in efflux, but no evidence was obtained that this concentration caused contraction.2. Ouabain in concentrations as high as 10−5 M had only minor effects on potassium inward and outward movements and on reaccumulation of potassium and extrusion of sodium during recovery from exposure to the cold. The resistance of rat uteri to cardiac glycosides derives either from insensitivity in rat tissues or from a unique feature of sodium transport in the rat uterus.3. When KCl was added to the Ringer fluid, there was no net gain of cellular potassium relative to dry weight. Osmotic balance was achieved mainly by water loss from cells, but uncertainty as to the extracellular fluid volume prevented a definite conclusion. When KCl was omitted from the Ringer fluid, there was a 50% decrease in efflux, suggesting that a part of the potassium movement was "exchange diffusion". The assumption of exchange diffusion also would aid in explaining the observed flux ratio near unity in view of the values reported for membrane potentials of uterine cells. Owing to the lack of data regarding intracellular activity of potassium and the incompleteness of data on membrane potentials of uterine cells, it was not possible to prove whether active influx of potassium was present or absent in addition to that entering passively either by free diffusion or exchang diffusion.

scholarly journals The effects of iron and vitamin B12 on body weight and hematobiochemical parameters in mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Hasan ◽  
M. S. Jahan ◽  
M. S. Kamal ◽  
M. F. Islam ◽  
S. Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hematobiochemical Parameters ◽  
Group B

Background: Vitamin and mineral supplementation is common practice in both human and animal health, But indiscriminate, overdose and long term used may cause toxicity. The research work was designed to evaluate the effect of iron (Fe) &vitamin B12 (Vit-B12) on body weight, hematological parameters: Total Erythrocyte Count (TEC), Hemoglobin (Hb) and Total Leukocyte Count (TLC), and biochemical parameters: serum creatinine (SC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in mice. Methods: One-month old 20 female Swiss Albino mice (Rattus norvegicus) having 19.52±0.54 g body weight were divided into four equal groups (n=5). After acclimatization, the mice of group A was treated with Fe@ 0.2 mg/kg body weight (bwt) in pellet, group B was treated with Vit-B12 @ 5 mg/kg bwt, group C was treated with combination of Fe and Vit-B12 and group D was fed with standard pellet and was considered as control. Results: The result showed significant (P<0.05) increase in body weight of treatment groups compared to the control group. The values of TEC, Hb and TLC in the treated groups were increased significantly (P<0.05). ALT, AST and SC values were decreased significantly (P<0.05) in the treated groups compared to the control group. Conclusions: It is concluded that administration of Fe and Vit-B12 significantly (P<0.05) increased body weight and hematological (TEC, Hb, and TLC) parameters however biochemical parameters (ALT and AST) were decreased significantly (P<0.05). In addition, combination of Fe&Vit-B12 showed better effects compared to their single uses.

POTASSIUM MOVEMENTS IN RAT UTERUS STUDIED IN VITRO: II. EFFECTS OF METABOLIC INHIBITORS, OUABAIN, AND ALTERED POTASSIUM CONCENTRATIONS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 2085-2105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin E. Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Flux Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Membrane Potentials ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitors ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Longitudinal Muscle Layer ◽  
Exchange Diffusion

1. Sodium fluoride (10−2 M), 2,4-dinitrophenol (10−4 M), and iodoacetate (10−4 M) caused a slight decrease in potassium uptake by the uterus and fluoride and dinitrophenol caused a larger and immediate increase in efflux, resulting in a net loss of potassium. There was apparently a delayed increase in efflux caused by iodoacetate. The effects of inhibitors on efflux were not prevented by the absence of external potassium. The effects of fluoride suggested that it produced inhomogeneity in uterine potassium and analysis of the longitudinal muscle layer separately from the remainder of the uterus suggested that efflux was speeded more in myometrium than in endometrium. This was attributed to the prolonged contracture induced by fluoride. The depolarization required to explain the increases in efflux produced by fluoride and DNP was sufficient to explain the decreases in influx. It was postulated that these inhibitors act by causing depolarization which might be the result of inhibition of an electrogenic sodium pump. Iodoacetate 10−3 M caused a 50% reduction in potassium influx and probably a large immediate increase in efflux, but no evidence was obtained that this concentration caused contraction.2. Ouabain in concentrations as high as 10−5 M had only minor effects on potassium inward and outward movements and on reaccumulation of potassium and extrusion of sodium during recovery from exposure to the cold. The resistance of rat uteri to cardiac glycosides derives either from insensitivity in rat tissues or from a unique feature of sodium transport in the rat uterus.3. When KCl was added to the Ringer fluid, there was no net gain of cellular potassium relative to dry weight. Osmotic balance was achieved mainly by water loss from cells, but uncertainty as to the extracellular fluid volume prevented a definite conclusion. When KCl was omitted from the Ringer fluid, there was a 50% decrease in efflux, suggesting that a part of the potassium movement was "exchange diffusion". The assumption of exchange diffusion also would aid in explaining the observed flux ratio near unity in view of the values reported for membrane potentials of uterine cells. Owing to the lack of data regarding intracellular activity of potassium and the incompleteness of data on membrane potentials of uterine cells, it was not possible to prove whether active influx of potassium was present or absent in addition to that entering passively either by free diffusion or exchang diffusion.

scholarly journals Comparative Efficacy of Tobacco, Jute and Levavet® Against Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Cattle

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
MR Amin ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
MA Awal ◽  
SMA Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group D

The effect of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum, Linn., @100mg/kg bwt.), jute (Corchorus capsularis, Linn., @100 mg/kg bwt.) and Levavet® (levamisole, @ 7.5 mg/kg bwt.) against natural gastrointestinal nematodes were studied in cattle. Their effect on hematological parameters (TEC, Hb, PCV and TLC), biochemical parameters (ALT and AST) and clinical parameter (body weight) were also observed. Twenty four (24) naturally parasitized cattle of BAU Dairy Farm, Mymensingh were randomly divided into four groups, each consisting of six (6) cattle. Water extract of leaves of tobacco and jute were administered orally to the cattle of group A and B, respectively. Cattle of group C were treated with Levavet® orally. Cattle of group D was kept as infected control group. Fecal samples, body weight, hematological and biochemical parameters were examined before treatment and on 3rd, 10th, 17th and 28th day. A significant (p<0.01) reduction of EPG count was found following administration of tobacco (34.32-51.26%), jute (8.80-27.76%) and Levavet®(89.31-100%) in cattle. The EPG count of the control group (D) were significantly (p<0.01) increased up to the last day of experimental period. After treatment with tobacco, jute and Levavet®, total erythrocyte count (TEC), hemoglobin (Hb) content and packed cell volume (PCV) were gradually increased significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) in cattle. Conversely, the total leukocyte count (TLC) were decreased significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) in treated cattle. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level were not significantly changed in the cattle. The body weight was increased significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) in tobacco, jute and Levavet® treated cattle whereas decreased in control group. It is found that water extracts of tobacco leaves were moderately effective and jute leaves were relatively less effective against mixed gastrointestinal nematode infections in cattle.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.17108 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 61 - 68, 2008 

scholarly journals Actisil application affects growth, flowering, and biochemical parameters in petunia in vitro and greenhouse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelina Krupa-Małkiewicz ◽  
Mario Calomme
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Greenhouse Condition ◽  
External Application ◽  
Total Polyphenol

AbstractMineral nutrients are necessary for the growth and development of plants. Previous studies have concentrated mainly on silicon-accumulating plants, while less work has been conducted on non-accumulating plants such as Petunia × atkinsiana D. Don. In this study, we investigated the responses of morphological (plant height, root length, fresh and dry weight, no. of flowers) and biochemical (proline, malondialdehyde MDA, catalase CAT activity, total chlorophylls, carotenoids, total polyphenol, and NO3) traits of petunia to external application of commercial silicon solution (Hydroplus™ Actisil) after 5 weeks of in vitro culture and 6 weeks under greenhouse condition. Actisil was supplemented into the MS medium (in vitro) at concentrations of 0 (control), 50, 100, 200, and 500 mg L−1, or supplied via irrigations at a concentration of 0 (control) and 200 mg L−1 in one, two, and three applications under greenhouse conditions. The addition of silicon to the MS medium decreased plant height (22–41% of control) and root length (53–70% of control). In contrast, in greenhouse-grown petunia irrigation of silicon increased plant height (145% of control ) and root length (176% of control). Petunias treated with Actisil had greener leaves compared to the control. This was also confirmed by higher concentrations of chlorophyll. Conversely, increased concentrations of proline, MDA, and total polyphenol and higher CAT activities may indicate that silicon provokes a stress response of the in vitro plants. Actisil treatment in the concentration of 200 mg L−1 was found to positively affect the growth and flowering of the greenhouse-grown petunia.

Effect of the endophytic plant growth promoting Enterobacter ludwigii EB4B on tomato growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E.A. Bendaha ◽  
H.A. Belaouni
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Enterobacter Ludwigii ◽  
Tomato Growth

SummaryThis study aims to develop a biocontrol agent against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) in tomato. For this, a set of 23 bacterial endophytic isolates has been screened for their ability to inhibit in vitro the growth of FORL using the dual plate assay. Three isolates with the most sound antagonistic activity to FORL have been qualitatively screened for siderophore production, phosphates solubilization and indolic acetic acid (IAA) synthesis as growth promotion traits. Antagonistic values of the three candidates against FORL were respectively: 51.51 % (EB4B), 51.18 % (EB22K) and 41.40 % (EB2A). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolates EB4B and EB22K were closely related to Enterobacter ludwigii EN-119, while the strain EB2A has been assigned to Leclercia adecarboxylata NBRC 102595. The promotion of tomato growth has been assessed in vitro using the strains EB2A, EB4B and EB22K in presence of the phytopathogen FORL. The treatments with the selected isolates increased significantly the root length and dry weight. Best results were observed in isolate EB4B in terms of growth promotion in the absence of FORL, improving 326.60 % of the root length and 142.70 % of plant dry weight if compared with untreated controls. In the presence of FORL, the strain EB4B improved both root length (180.81 %) and plant dry weight (202.15 %). These results encourage further characterization of the observed beneficial effect of Enterobacter sp. EB4B for a possible use as biofertilizer and biocontrol agent against FORL.

The influence of probiotic drug Biolax-U on morphological and biochemical parameters of blood in cows

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
A. Farkhutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Breed

The expediency of using the probiotic drug Biolax-U in the rations of lactating and dry cows of Black-and-White breed has been studied and scientifically proved. The influence of this drug on the morphological and biochemical parameters of animal blood has been determined. The composition of the probiotic drug Biolax-U consists of eight strains of a balanced complex of living lactic acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes, as well as biologically active substances. For experimental studies conducted on 2 groups of cows have been selected by the method of pairs-analogs, the influence of feeding of feed have been prepared with the use of the microbiological drug with probiotic action Biolax-U on feed consumption, morphological and biochemical changes in blood has been studied. Analysis of the rations of cows indicates that the content of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur and trace elements such as manganese, copper, zinc and cobalt in the feed has been reduced. It has been found by studies that the use of probiotic drug Biolax-U had the positive influence on the feed intake, digestibility and better assimilation of feed nutrients and contributed to the improvement of blood morphological and biochemical parameters. For example, in animals of the experimental group hemoglobin has increased by 3,6 % (Р < 0,05), red blood cells by 10,1 (P ≤ 0,05), the content of leukocytes by 4,43, carotene by 9,6, glucose by 3,4; reserve alkalinity by 15,6, calcium by 19,4 (P ≤ 0,01), and phosphorus by 18,4 % compared with the control group of animals. During the lactation significantly improved hematological parameters including alkalinity reserve by 5,11 %, calcium level by 11,1, phosphorus by 8,6, hemoglobin by 14,2 %, the content of erythrocytes by 12,3, leukocyte by 3,86, and carotene 11,1 % against the parameters of animals of control group. The improvement of morphological and biochemical parameters of blood of cows indicates about stimulating effect on hematopoiesis and the general clinical condition of animals that contributes to the improvement of metabolic processes when using feed prepared with the use of microbiological drug with probiotic action Biolax-U.

Evaluation of the In Vivo Acute Toxicity and In Vitro Hemolytic and Immunomodulatory Activities of the Moringa oleifera Flower Trypsin Inhibitor (MoFTI)

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leydianne Leite de Siqueira Patriota ◽  
Dayane Kelly Dias do Nascimento Santos ◽  
Bárbara Rafaela da Silva Barros ◽  
Lethícia Maria de Souza Aguiar ◽  
Yasmym Araújo Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor ◽  
Hemolytic Activity ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Behavioral Alterations ◽  
Female Mice

Background: Protease inhibitors have been isolated from plants and present several biological activities, including immunomod-ulatory action. Objective: This work aimed to evaluate a Moringa oleifera flower trypsin inhibitor (MoFTI) for acute toxicity in mice, hemolytic activity on mice erythrocytes and immunomodulatory effects on mice splenocytes. Methods: The acute toxicity was evaluated using Swiss female mice that received a single dose of the vehicle control or MoFTI (300 mg/kg, i.p.). Behavioral alterations were observed 15–240 min after administration, and survival, weight gain, and water and food consumption were analyzed daily. Organ weights and hematological parameters were analyzed after 14 days. Hemolytic activity of MoFTI was tested using Swiss female mice erythrocytes. Splenocytes obtained from BALB/c mice were cultured in the absence or presence of MoFTI for the evaluation of cell viability and proliferation. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were also determined. Furthermore, the culture supernatants were analyzed for the presence of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO). Results: MoFTI did not cause death or any adverse effects on the mice except for abdominal contortions at 15–30 min after administration. MoFTI did not exhibit a significant hemolytic effect. In addition, MoFTI did not induce apoptosis or necrosis in splenocytes and had no effect on cell proliferation. Increases in cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS release, as well as ΔΨm reduction, were observed in MoFTI-treated cells. MoFTI was observed to induce TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, and NO release. Conclusion: These results contribute to the ongoing evaluation of the antitumor potential of MoFTI and its effects on other immunological targets.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document