scholarly journals Influence of weather conditions, irrigation and plant age on yield and alpha-acids content of Czech hop (Humulus lupulus L.) cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Donner ◽  
Jaroslav Pokorný ◽  
Josef Ježek ◽  
Karel Krofta ◽  
Josef Patzak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
First Year ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Humulus Lupulus L ◽  
Positive Effect

This study quantifies the effects of weather conditions, irrigation, and plant age on yield and alpha-acids content of Czech hop cultivars Saaz, Sládek, Premiant and Agnus in a 25-year long period, i.e., from 1993 to 2018. The yields of Czech hop cultivars were increasing for the first three years of plant age until they stabilized and then started to decline slightly for 15 to 20 years until they reached the optimal time for replanting. The highest alpha-acids content in hop cones was achieved in the first year of cultivation, followed by a logarithmic decline in the upcoming years. Rainfall was the most significant factor that positively influenced the yield of Saaz hops with correlations of r = 0.59 and 0.61 (P < 0.01) for total seasonal rainfall (April–August), 0.65 (P < 0.001) and 0.60 (P < 0.01) for daily rainfall above 3 mm, 0.37 (P < 0.05) and 0.58 (P < 0.01) for rainfall in May and 0.50 (P < 0.01) and 0.32 (P < 0.05) in July in the Saaz region and the Stekník farm, respectively. The yield of cultivars Sládek, Premiant and Agnus was not statistically influenced by the amount of precipitation, but there was a positive effect of irrigation level on yield increase with correlations 0.58 (P < 0.01), 0.55 and 0.49 (P < 0.05), respectively. High air temperatures during summer were the most significant factor that negatively influenced the alpha-acids content with the correlations ranging from –0.56 to –0.83. However, cv. Agnus showed a stable weather-independent alpha-acids content.  

scholarly journals Use of foliar fertilizers on soybeans in the Republic of Tatarstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00069
Author(s):  
Valeria Kolesar ◽  
Gulsia Sharipova ◽  
Diana Safina ◽  
Radik Safin
Keyword(s):  
Control Sample ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Phosphorus Accumulation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

In 2018, studies were conducted to assess the impact of foliar feeding with complex fertilizers on the yield and grain quality of two soybean varieties. Weather conditions throughout the year were noted periodically dry in May, June and August. Metallocene® fertilizers with different mineral nutrition elements were used for soybean spraying. The fertilizers were used for spraying in the soybean beginning bloom stage. Epy control served as a variant without foliar feeding. It was found that the variety Annushka in the conditions of 2018 was more productive than the variety Milyaushaa. The difference between the varieties in the control was 0.3 t/ha. Low yield in the control sample was associated with the negative effect of drought on the existing root system and the nudeles on it. Spraying Annushka crops by Metallocene® A with copper has high positive effect on the yield. The yield increase from this fertilizer was 0.72 t/ha. In case with Milyaushaa, the best indicators were achieved by Metallocene® D spraying with manganese. In case the yield increased by 0.79 t/ha. The use of foliar feeding had positive effect on soybean seed size. The maximum 1000 seed weight Annushka was for Metallocene® A with copper. For Milyaushaa the largest seeds were when using Metallocene® D with manganese. Foliar feeding by Metallocene® D with manganese had positive effect on phosphorus accumulation in seeds.

The Relation of Temperature to the Seaward Migration of Young Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

1937 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 421-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Foerster
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
First Year ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Seaward Migration ◽  
Small Growth ◽  
Slight Rise

The period of seaward migration of young sockeye from Cultus lake each spring is inversely correlated with temperature conditions prevailing during the months immediately preceding. Correlating temperature readings of the outflow stream with date when twenty per cent migration occurred, a statistically significant correlation of −0.85 was obtained for February and March and −0.77 for January to March. Using air temperatures, coefficients of −0.91 for January to March and −0.74 for February and March were found. Commencement of migration coincides with vernal rise in lake temperatures. Under normal conditions, with low winter minimum, there appears to be a threshold migration temperature approximating 4.4 °C. (40°F.) but in seasons when lake temperatures are not depressed to this level a slight rise stimulates migration. Progress of migration is largely influenced by prevailing weather conditions and their effect upon temperature trends. Cessation of migration appears to be related to the setting-up of a "temperature blanket" which inhibits migration from the lake of sockeye still resident therein. These latter, showing small growth during their first year, remain in the lake until the following spring and then are among the first to migrate.

Diseases of perennial bean grasses in Western Siberia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Ashmarina
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Intensity Of Development ◽  
Resistance Of Varieties

The directions and results of many years of research on the development and prevalence of diseases on perennial leguminous grasses (meadow clover, pannonian clover, sainfoin, sowing alfalfa) in Western Siberia are presented. A whole range of diseases was revealed, the intensity of development, which depends on weather conditions, resistance of varieties, plant age, etc.

Vulnerability of sweet cherry cultivars to continuous periods of spring frosts in Plovdiv, Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-352
Author(s):  
S. Malchev ◽  
S. Savchovska
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Intermediate Group ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Group Form ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars

Abstract. The periods with continuous freezing air temperatures reported during the spring of 2020 (13 incidents) affected a wide range of local and introduced sweet cherry cultivars in the region of Plovdiv. They vary from -0.6°C on March 02 to -4.9°C on March 16-17. The duration of influence of the lowest temperatures is 6 and 12 hours between March 16 and 17. The inspection of fruit buds and flowers was conducted twice (on March 26 and April 08) at different phenological stages after continuous waves of cold weather conditions alternated with high temperatures. During the phenological phase ‘bud burst’ (tight cluster or BBCH 55) some of the flowers in the buds did not develop further making the damage hardly detectable. The most damaged are hybrid El.28-21 (95.00%), ‘Van’ (91.89%) and ‘Bing’ (89.41%) and from the next group ‘Lapins’ (85.98%) and ‘Rosita’ (83.33%). A larger intermediate group form ‘Kossara’ (81.67%), ‘Rozalina’ (76.00%), ‘Sunburst’ (75.00%), ‘Bigarreau Burlat’ (69.11%) and ‘Kuklenska belitza’ (66.67%). Candidate-cultivar El.17-90 ‘Asparuh’ has the lowest frost damage values of 55.00% and El.17-37 ‘Tzvetina’ with damage of 50.60%.

Breeding ecology of the fairy martin

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. L. Magrath
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
First Year ◽  
Breeding Ecology ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Annual Productivity ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Colony Site ◽  
The One

The breeding biology of the fairy martin, Hirundo ariel, was studied over three years (1992–95) in the Yarra Valley, Victoria. Adult males and females in this population were morphologically similar, though only females acquired a brood patch during the breeding season. Colonies ranged in size from 8 to 29 nests. Birds arrived in the study area in September and usually commenced laying in October, though nesting activities were generally asynchronous both between and within colonies. Most colonies contained active nests until February. At least 16% of adults and 5% of fledglings, on average, returned to the study area in the following year. Returning adults generally nested at the same colony site as the previous year, while most first-year birds nested at sites other than their natal colony. Adult males were more likely to return than adult females. Clutch size ranged from 2 to 5, with a mean of 3.5, and declined over the season. The incubation period varied from 12 to 18 days with a mean of 13.7. A mean of 1.8 chicks fledged per completed clutch, while 60% of clutches produced at least one chick. The period from hatching to fledging varied from 17 to 32 days, with a mean of 22.1, and increased with brood size. Fledging success was highest during the middle of the breeding season. Adverse weather conditions, resulting in the abandonment of clutch and brood, were the most common cause of nest failure, and on several occasions also resulted in adult mortality. Almost half the breeding females produced at least two clutches in the one season. Pairs produced from 0 to 8 fledglings per season, with those that commenced nesting earlier in the season having higher annual productivity. These results are discussed in relation to the breeding ecology of other members of the Hirundinidae.

Paramedic Field Instructors: An Approach to Training the Newest Paramedics While Maintaining the Interest of the Most Successful Senior Paramedics

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Krochmal ◽  
Jessie Moore ◽  
Kathleen Shea ◽  
Mark Kiessling ◽  
David Blaustein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Education ◽  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Field Experience ◽  
First Year ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Field Instructors ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Criteria For Selection

AbstractA unique approach to providing orientation and supervised field experience for newly graduated paramedics and for the continuing education and recognition of experienced, skilled, operational paramedics is described. A group of 30 paramedic field instructors (PFI) was selected following application, development of criteria for selection, and interviews. This program had a positive effect in both realms during its first year of operation in the emergency medical services system in which it was implemented.

EFFECTS OF INORGANIC NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZERS ON SELECTED SITES OF NATIVE GRASSLAND IN WESTERN CANADA

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Kilcher ◽  
S. Smoliak ◽  
W. A. Hubbard ◽  
A. Johnston ◽  
A. T. H. Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
First Year ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Native Grassland ◽  
Better Than

N, P, and N + P at 60, 26, and 60 + 26 lb per acre were applied on native grass sites during three successive years at seven, locations in Western Canada. Single applications of the N fertilizer resulted in 3- or 4-year total yield increases of 300 to 600 lb per acre at six locations. At Summerland the 3-year increase was nearly 1400 lb. Phosphorus fertilizer by itself provided very little yield increase. N + P gave yield increases that were only slightly better than those from N alone.Residual responses to fertilizer were important, especially in the 12- to 16-in. rainfall locations. Only about one-third of the total yield increase occurred in the first year, with the remainder coming in the subsequent seasons.Weeds, where present, showed a marked response to fertilizer N in the first season; in subsequent years the response largely disappeared.

Timing of Aldicarb Applications to Control Meloidogyne arenaria in Peanut1

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Rich ◽  
D. W. Gorbet
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Meloidogyne Arenaria ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Chemical Treatments

Abstract Four fieldtrialswere conductedin northwest Florida to determine the efficacyofaldicarb appliedat varyingtime intervals after planting on peanut (Arachis hypogaea) to manage the peanut root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria. Initial treatments with aldicarb (Temik 15G), fenamiphos (Nemacur 15G), and phorate (Thimet 15G) were made at planting of peanut cv. Southern Runner. The chemicals were applied as 20-cm-wide bands over the open seed furrow using a tractor-mounted Gandy applicator. Post-plant treatments were made with a Gandy applicator at time intervals from 28 to 104 dafter planting as 36-cm-wide bands over the row centers. Post-harvest M. arenaria population densities were affected little by any chemical treatment compared to the control. The efficacy of the chemical treatments was variable and averaged onlya 295-kglha yield increase for the single at-plant applications of aldicarb compared to the control. Allat-plant + post-plant aldicarb treatments increased yield over the control by an average of712 kg¡ ha. Results from these trials did not establish a single optimal time for post-plant application of aldicarb on peanut. Data from these tests, however, indicated that a post-plant aldicarb treatment can be applied latter than previously recommended in Florida.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of a CO2 Refrigeration System Enhanced with a Dew Point Cooler

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Belusko ◽  
Raymond Liddle ◽  
Alemu Alemu ◽  
Edward Halawa ◽  
Frank Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Refrigeration System ◽  
Conventional System ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Condenser Temperature

Dew point cooling (DPC) is a novel indirect evaporative cooling concept capable of delivering air temperatures approaching the dew point. Coupling this technology with CO2 refrigeration is well suited to minimising transcritical operation when the coefficient of performance (COP) is dramatically reduced in hot climates. A substantial experimental program was conducted to characterise this combination by testing a 20 kW CO2 refrigeration system subject to ambient temperatures above 40 °C. It was demonstrated that DPC operation not only avoided transcritical operation during such weather conditions, but also increased the COP by up to 140% compared to the conventional system. The combination of these technologies was successfully mathematically modelled, from which the optimum condenser inlet air temperature was identified for each condenser temperature. Using this optimum condition, it was possible to maximise the COP for a range of conditions applicable to the psychometric chart. An annual case study for Adelaide, Australia was conducted which demonstrated that optimally coupling DPC with CO2 refrigeration can reduce the annual energy consumption and peak demand by 16% and 47%, respectively, compared to a conventional CO2 booster system. Furthermore, the number of hours of transcritical operation was reduced from 3278 to 27.

scholarly journals Influence of increasing doses of nitrogen on feed productivity of perennial grasses

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vasil'evna Ivanova ◽  
Olga Vasil'evna Kurdakova ◽  
Aminat Msostovna Konova ◽  
Anna Yurievna Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
The State ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
First Year ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
State Register ◽  
Second Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

In the course of the experiment, the effect of increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield of clover of the meadow variety Nadezhny, entered in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in 2012, was analyzed. A comparison is also made of this influence with the timothy of the meadow variety Leningradskaya 204. It was established that the pre-sowing introduction of mineral nitrogen for clover and timothy has influenced the productivity of these crops, but the nature of this effect varies depending on the type of grass. The introduction of N20 against the background of P30K90, which provided an increase in control of 51.2% for green mass and 33.6% for air-dry matter, was optimal for meadow clover of the first year of life. For grassland clover second year of life, the best option was N0P30K90, which gave an increase of 56.6% to the control on green mass and 50.6% on air-dry matter. A further increase in the dose of nitrogen on the options caused a decrease in yield increase. Timothy meadow for two years of life was traced responsiveness to the provision of nitrogen. The most productive in all respects was the option N120P30K90.    

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