scholarly journals Allelopathic effects and weed suppressive ability of cover crops

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunz Ch ◽  
Sturm DJ ◽  
D. Varnholt ◽  
F. Walker ◽  
R. Gerhards
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Weed Suppressive Ability ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effects of Brassicaceae Cover Crop on Ambrosia artemisiifolia Germination and Early Growth

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 794
Author(s):  
Maja Šćepanović ◽  
Marija Sarić-Krsmanović ◽  
Valentina Šoštarčić ◽  
Ema Brijačak ◽  
Josip Lakić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Vanilic Acid

Several cover crops (CCs) exert allelopathic effects that suppress weed growth. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of aqueous extracts containing different concentrations [0, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10% (w/v)] of Brassicaceae CCs (Sinapis alba, Raphanus sativus, Camellina sativa) and of the CCs Fagopyrum esculentum and Guizotia abyssinica on germination and early growth of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. The allelopathic effects were species and concentration-dependent. C. sativa, for example, caused the greatest potential to inhibit germination, shoot, radicle length and fresh seedling weight, whereas S. alba and R. sativus inhibited germination and early growth of A. artemisiifolia only at concentrations ≥7.5%. In contrast, no inhibition was observed when aqueous extracts of F. escultneum and G. abyssinica were added at any of tested concentration. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detected 15 phenolic compounds in Brassicaceae CCs with the highest content (µg/g) of vanillin (48.8), chlorogenic acid (1057), vanilic acid (79), caffeic acid (102.5) and syringic acid (27.3) in C. sativa. Our results suggest that C. sativa is the most allelopathic CCs and that the fruits of C. sativa are the plant organs richest in allelochemicals.

Contribution of allelopathic effects to the overall weed suppression by different cover crops

Weed Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
D J Sturm ◽  
G Peteinatos ◽  
R Gerhards
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

scholarly journals Weed suppressive ability of cover crops under water-limited conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 541-548
Author(s):  
Alexandra Schappert ◽  
Alexander I. Linn ◽  
Dominic J. Sturm ◽  
Roland Gerhards
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Weed Suppressive Ability ◽  
Field Season

The water demand for cover crops (CC) should be considered to achieve competitive crop stands for weed control also under unfavorable conditions. This study aims to estimate the weed suppressive ability of winter CC, as Sinapis alba L., Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth., Vicia sativa L. and Avena strigosa Schreb., under a water-limited regime. The water deficit tolerance of different CC was determined in a greenhouse experiment by measuring the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II. Moreover, soil moisture, CC, and weed establishment were measured in field experiments in Southwest-Germany during two contrasting growing seasons in 2016 and 2017. A. strigosa showed a higher water deficit tolerance than S. alba in the greenhouse. In the field, A. strigosa showed the highest weed cover reduction (98%) in the field, along with an increasing effect on the soil moisture compared to the untreated control. S. alba performed most sensitive to water deficit in the greenhouse but reached the significantly highest weed control efficacy (94%) during the dry field season in 2016. Even though the selected CC showed differing sensitivities to water deficit in the greenhouse, their weed suppression ability was independent of the water supply under field conditions.

New Technologies to Combat Herbicide Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-92
Author(s):  
Rob Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
The Uk

Herbicide resistance in problem weeds is now a major threat to global food production, being particularly widespread in wild grasses affecting cereal crops. In the UK, black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides) holds the title of number one agronomic problem in winter wheat, with the loss of production associated with herbicide resistance now estimated to cost the farming sector at least £0.5 billion p.a. Black-grass presents us with many of the characteristic traits of a problem weed; being highly competitive, genetically diverse and obligately out-crossing, with a growth habit that matches winter wheat. With the UK’s limited arable crop rotations and the reliance on the repeated use of a very limited range of selective herbicides we have been continuously performing a classic Darwinian selection for resistance traits in weeds that possess great genetic diversity and plasticity in their growth habits. The result has been inevitable; the steady rise of herbicide resistance across the UK, which now affects over 2.1 million hectares of some of our best arable land. Once the resistance genie is out of the bottle, it has proven difficult to prevent its establishment and spread. With the selective herbicide option being no longer effective, the options are to revert to cultural control; changing rotations and cover crops, manual rogueing of weeds, deep ploughing and chemical mulching with total herbicides such as glyphosate. While new precision weeding technologies are being developed, their cost and scalability in arable farming remains unproven. As an agricultural scientist who has spent a working lifetime researching selective weed control, we seem to be giving up on a technology that has been a foundation stone of the green revolution. For me it begs the question, are we really unable to use modern chemical and biological technology to counter resistance? I would argue the answer to that question is most patently no; solutions are around the corner if we choose to develop them.

Evaluation of Ryegrass Cover Crops in Rearing Ponds for Florida Largemouth Bass

1984 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Bowling ◽  
W. P. Rutledge ◽  
J. G. Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Largemouth Bass

Allelopathic effects of Melia azedarach L. on germination, growth and yield of black gram and chickpea

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Thakur ◽  
D. Kumar ◽  
R. S. Chauhan ◽  
H. T. Hegde ◽  
R P. Gunaga
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Allelopathic Effects
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