scholarly journals Exploitational indicators, Diesel fuel consumption and work quality during disc tiller skimming

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
J. Hůla ◽  
P. Kovaříček ◽  
V. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Logarithmic Model ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Total Acreage

During the shallow soil tillage after winter wheat harvest the tractor JOHN DEERE 8200 with disc tiller DOWLANDS 4500 operation was monitored. For dependence of the set field speed within plots acreage the function of type y = 0.43 Ln x + 10.76 was chosen. Average Diesel fuel consumption at first skimming on plots of total acreage 611.4 ha was 7.98 l/ha, for evaluation of Diesel fuel consumption dependence on particular plots acreage was chosen a logarithmic model of function y = –0.81 Ln x + 10.35. For the engine Diesel fuel consumption dependence on average length of working drives through the plots the logarithmic model of function y = –1.83 Ln x + 18.95 was chosen. After first skimming by disc tiller on the soil surface has remained 31.1 wt % of winter wheat post-harvest remainders, in depth of 0–50 mm was found-out of 31.0% of post-harvest remainders, 37.9 wt % of crop remainders was found-out in depth of 50–100 mm. After the second skimming by the blade tiller most of the post-harvest remainders was worked-in to the depth of 50–100 mm (54.3 wt %). After the following pre-seeding soil preparation by combinatory was recorded dislocation of most of crop remainders to depth of 0–50 mm (58.4 wt %).

Study on the Minimum Workings System and Fuel Consumption Influence

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Virgil Moise
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Permeability ◽  
Ecological Protection ◽  
Global Soil ◽  
Protection Strategies ◽  
Permeability For Water

Abstract Conservative systems are based on less intense soil loosening, carried out by different methods, without turning the furrow and only in the conditions of keeping a certain amount of vegetal residues at the soil surface; for that reasons are therefore considered to be ecological protection strategies. For this study the parcel of 118.78 ha was divided into two plots of 59.39 ha each. On the first plot (P1) the conventional soil works system was used, while on the second plot (P2) was used the system of minimum soil works. The methodology used was to analyze, synthesize and calculation of fuel consumption. Following the application of soil conservation systems, many benefits have been identified: - the time with soil tillage is reduced at 2-4 times;-the fuel consumption per unit area is reduced by 40-50%;- the number of agricultural machinery at the surface unit is reduced;-soil structure is rebuilt and surface and depth compaction is reduced;- the organic matter content from the soil is increased;- soil permeability for water is increased and global soil drainage is improved;

DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION IN USE OF FUEL WITH ADDITIVES

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Petar Kazakov ◽  
Atanas Iliev ◽  
Emil Marinov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Positive Effects

Over the decades, more attention has been paid to emissions from the means of transport and the use of different fuels and combustion fuels for the operation of internal combustion engines than on fuel consumption. This, in turn, enables research into products that are said to reduce fuel consumption. The report summarizes four studies of fuel-related innovation products. The studies covered by this report are conducted with diesel fuel and usually contain diesel fuel and three additives for it. Manufacturers of additives are based on already existing studies showing a 10-30% reduction in fuel consumption. Comparative experimental studies related to the use of commercially available diesel fuel with and without the use of additives have been performed in laboratory conditions. The studies were carried out on a stationary diesel engine СМД-17КН equipped with brake КИ1368В. Repeated results were recorded, but they did not confirm the significant positive effect of additives on specific fuel consumption. In some cases, the factors affecting errors in this type of research on the effectiveness of fuel additives for commercial purposes are considered. The reasons for the positive effects of such use of additives in certain engine operating modes are also clarified.

Effect of the year on the weed condition of winter wheat in different soil tillage treatments

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Attila Percze ◽  
Csilla Kleinheincz ◽  
Aniko Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Tillage

STUDI PENENTUAN KOMPOSISI OPTIMUM CAMPURAN BAHAN BAKAR BIODIESEL–PETRODIESEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soni S. Wirawan dkk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Biodiesel Blend

Biodiesel is a viable substitute for petroleum-based diesel fuel. Its advantages are improved lubricity, higher cetane number and cleaner emission. Biodiesel and its blends with petroleum-based diesel fuel can be used in diesel engines without any signifi cant modifi cations to the engines. Data from the numerous research reports and test programs showed that as the percent of biodiesel in blends increases, emission of hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM) all decrease, but the amount of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and fuel consumption is tend to increase. The most signifi cant hurdle for broader commercialization of biodiesel is its cost. In current fuel price policy in Indonesia (especially fuel for transportation), the higher percent of biodiesel in blend will increase the price of blends fuel. The objective of this study is to assess the optimum blends of biodiesel with petroleum-based diesel fuel from the technically and economically consideration. The study result recommends that 20% biodiesel blend with 80% petroleum-based diesel fuel (B20) is the optimum blend for unmodifi ed diesel engine uses.Keywords: biodiesel, emission, optimum, blend

scholarly journals Monitoring of Khorasan (Triticum turgidum ssp. turanicum) and Modern Kabot Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Varieties by UAV and Sensor Technologies under Different Soil Tillage

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1348
Author(s):  
Kristýna Balážová ◽  
Jan Chyba ◽  
Jitka Kumhálová ◽  
Jiří Mašek ◽  
Stanislav Petrásek
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Thermal Cameras

Khorasan wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. turanicum (Jakubz.)) is an ancient tetraploid spring wheat variety originating from northeast parts of Central Asia. This variety can serve as a full-fledged alternative to modern wheat but has a lower yield than modern varieties. It is commonly known that wheat growth is influenced by soil tillage technology (among other things). However, it is not known how soil tillage technology affects ancient varieties. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different soil tillage technologies on the growth of the ancient Khorasan wheat variety in comparison to the modern Kabot spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) variety. The trial was arranged in six small plots, one half of which was sown by the Khorasan wheat variety and the other half of which was sown by the Kabot wheat variety. Three soil tillage methods were used for each cultivar: conventional tillage (CT) (20–25 cm), minimum tillage (MTC) with a coulter cultivator (15 cm), and minimization tillage (MTD) with a disc cultivator (12 cm). The soil surface of all of the variants were leveled after tillage (harrows & levelling bars). An unmanned aerial vehicle with multispectral and thermal cameras was used to monitor growth during the vegetation season. The flight missions were supplemented by measurements using the GreenSeeker hand-held sensor and plant and soil analysis. The results showed that the Khorasan ancient wheat was better suited the conditions of conventional tillage, with low values of bulk density and highvalues of total soil porosity, which generally increased the nutritional value of the yield in this experimental plot. At the same time, it was found that this ancient wheat does not deplete the soil. The results also showed that the trend of developmental growing curves derived from different sensors was very similar regardless of measurement method. The sensors used in this study can be good indicators of micronutrient content in the plant as well as in the grains. A low-cost RGB camera can provide relevant results, especially in cases where equipment that is more accurate is not available.

scholarly journals Winter Wheat Straw Decomposition under Different Nitrogen Fertilizers

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Gabriela Mühlbachová ◽  
Pavel Růžek ◽  
Helena Kusá ◽  
Radek Vavera ◽  
Martin Káš
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Straw Decomposition ◽  
Rainy Weather ◽  
N Fertilisers

The climate changes and increased drought frequency still more frequent in recent periods bring challenges to management with wheat straw remaining in the field after harvest and to its decomposition. The field experiment carried out in 2017–2019 in the Czech Republic aimed to evaluate winter wheat straw decomposition under different organic and mineral nitrogen fertilizing (urea, pig slurry and digestate with and without inhibitors of nitrification (IN)). Treatment Straw 1 with fertilizers was incorporated in soil each year the first day of experiment. The Straw 2 was placed on soil surface at the same day as Straw 1 and incorporated together with fertilizers after 3 weeks. The Straw 1 decomposition in N treatments varied between 25.8–40.1% and in controls between 21.5–33.1% in 2017–2019. The Straw 2 decomposition varied between 26.3–51.3% in N treatments and in controls between 22.4–40.6%. Higher straw decomposition in 2019 was related to more rainy weather. The drought observed mainly in 2018 led to the decrease of straw decomposition and to the highest contents of residual mineral nitrogen in soils. The limited efficiency of N fertilisers on straw decomposition under drought showed a necessity of revision of current strategy of N treatments and reduction of N doses adequately according the actual weather conditions.

Response of winter wheat to prolonged waterlogging under outdoor conditions

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Belford
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Nodal Root ◽  
Waterlogging Treatment

SUMMARYThe response of winter wheat cv. Maris Huntsman to waterlogging was studied in two experiments in soil columns outdoors. Winter waterlogging treatments increased nodal root production and the proportion of aerenchyma within roots, but caused chlorosis and premature senescence of leaves, and decreased tillering. For all treatments, grain losses were much less than expected from the extent of tiller loss in winter; losses after single waterlogging events ranged from 2% (after 47 days with the water-table at 5 cm) to 16% (after 80 days with the water-table at the soil surface). Yield losses after three waterloggings at the seedling, tillering and stem elongation stages of growth were additive, and totalled 19%. In many treatments, grain loss was associated with lighter individual grain weights, suggesting that the size of the root system or efficiency of water and nutrient uptake by roots at the later stages of growth may have been less after earlier waterlogging. The importance of nitrogen fertilizer in maintaining a satisfactory plant nitrogen status was shown when nitrogen was with held before a 3-week waterlogging treatment during stem elongation; tiller and floret survival was subsequently greatly restricted and grain yields decreased 22% below those of plants waterlogged at the same stage of growth but supplied with nitrogen.

Winter wheat and soybean zinc uptake in different soil tillage systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Stipesevic ◽  
D. Jug ◽  
I. Jug ◽  
M. Tolimir ◽  
M. Cvijovic
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Zinc Uptake ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems
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