scholarly journals Distribution of Plum pox virus in the Czech Republic    

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 98-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Polák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
North Western ◽  
Peach Orchard

Plum pox virus (PPV) is widely distributed in plums and myrobalans in western, central and easternBohemia, in north-western, central and north-easternMoravia of theCzechRepublic. In southernBohemia and partly also in southernMoravia there is only a low and sporadic incidence. Naturally growing plums and myrobalans, and plums growing along roads were found to be the main sources and reservoirs of PPV infection. This high incidence in naturally growing plum and myrobalan trees makes it impossible to grow plum cultivars that are susceptible to PPV; only resistant cultivars can be grown in this country. In blackthorns the occurrence of PPV is limited to the regions with high and long-term presence of the virus. Therefore, we can conclude that blackthorn is not the primary, but a secondary source of PPV. On the other hand, sweet and sour cherries at localities of central and westernBohemia, and of southernMoravia are PPV-free. Till now the presence of strain PPV-C was not proved in theCzechRepublic. Strain PPV-M was proved only in two plum and one damson trees. It was also found in one apricot and one peach orchard planted with imported nursery material. Strain PPV-M appears to have been introduced recently and is absent from or has a very low incidence in spontaneous PPV hosts, while the widespread and long-term dissemination of strain PPV-D may indicate that it originated in the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals A survey of feline trichomonosis suggests a low incidence of Tritrichomonas blagburni among cats in the Czech Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 269-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Ceplecha ◽  
V. Svobodova ◽  
C. Lendon ◽  
R. Husnik ◽  
K. Horackova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Medium Method

Tritrichomonas blagburni (previously called T. foetus) has been implicated as an aetiological agent of long-term large-bowel diarrhoea in cats in many countries worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of, and risk factors for T. blagburni among a cohort of cats living in different conditions in the Czech Republic. Samples were collected from 170 cats living in different environments. The InPouch™ TF-Feline medium method was used for diagnosis of feline trichomonosis. A single case (0.6%) with motile trichomonads identified as Pentatrichomonas hominis was found in a cat from a multi-cat household. Our study suggests that trichomonads and in particular, T. blagburni, infection may be much less common in the Czech Republic than in neighbouring countries, despite the inclusion of cats that were likely to be from higher-risk groups. A review of studies of the association of trichomonads and feline diarrhoea carried out in different countries revealed variation in the frequency of trichomonads detected. Different combinations of PCR or culture methods for screening or confirmation have been utilised, with or without species differentiation; however, this could not solely account for the variation in the occurrence between countries. From those studies where differentiation was performed, we calculated from the combined studies that T. blagburni occurred in six cats without diarrhoea (1.1%) and 47 cases with diarrhoea (5%). This finding supports an association with diarrhoea as well as the occurrence of asymptomatic cases. We note that in many studies, including our own, the occurrence of T. blagburni may well be underestimated and suggest that future studies use a combination of PCR screening of both faeces and faecal cultures, with differentiation of trichomonad species.

scholarly journals Brand as an innovation—The case of Czech wine

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Jan Zavodny Pospisil
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wine Market ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

The Czech Republic is not a typical wine-growing country, yet winemaking and viticulture are among the oldest Czech crafts. Although the situation is slightly improving today, domestic wine production is not very preferred by Czech consumers since more than two-thirds of the wine that Czechs drink each year is imported. In the long term, the worst situation prevailed with the sales of a young wine. The cause was twofold: On the one hand, the market was already penetrated by imported Beaujolais nouveau, which became a synonym for the young wine. On the other, a peculiar Czechs’ taste for young wine was also an obstacle. As a young wine, many Czechs drink partially fermented must from grapevine fruits called “Burčák”. The young wine market was therefore seemingly penetrated with a low possibility of new brands entering it. The proposed case study will describe an ongoing campaign in which a new brand, “Svatomartinské víno”, was created. With this brand, it was possible to change the Czech consumers’ view of immature wines fundamentally. Thanks to the innovative branding approach, the product, which Czech consumers had neglected for many years, became a superior and must-have product for broad consumers. Also, the relationship between the brand and consumers has been established. The new brand has become a potential for many other related events. Last but not least, the consumption of domestic wine increased, which led to the support of local wineries and related regions.

scholarly journals Theoretical aspects of specifics of internationalization process in small andmedium-sized businesses in the Czech Republic

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Kubíčková ◽  
Aleš Peprný
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Remote Areas

Internationalization can be crucial to the long-term success of small and medium sized enterprises (SME) in the increased globalization. The objective of this paper is determination of the specifics internationalization process of SMEs, presentation various aspects of internationalization process of SMEs and explain this issue – why do some SMEs involve in this process gradually and on the other side why do some SMEs operate in remote areas immediately after founding.

Long-term changes in body weight, BMI, and adiposity rebound among children and adolescents in the Czech republic

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vignerová ◽  
L. Humeníkova ◽  
M. Brabec ◽  
J. Riedlová ◽  
P. Bláha
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Adiposity Rebound ◽  
Long Term Changes

scholarly journals Loose Monetary Policy and Corporate Investment of Manufacturing Firms in the Czech Republic

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-385
Author(s):  
Veronika Kajurová ◽  
Dagmar Linnertová
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Corporate Investment ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Low Interest Rates ◽  
Negative Effect

Abstract The aim of the paper is to evaluate the effects of loose monetary policy on corporate investment of manufacturing firms in the Czech Republic during the period between 2006 and 2015. The main focus of the paper is on the effect of low interest rates on investment activity of Czech firms; additionally, the effects of interactions between interest rate and other firm-specific variables are investigated. The results indicate that corporate investment is positively associated with firm size, investment opportunities, and long term debt. Also, a negative effect of the cash position is found. Further, the findings show that monetary policy is a significant determinant of firm investment activity: when the monetary policy is loose, investment is positively affected. Furthermore, differences in the determinants of investment between highly and low leveraged firms were revealed.

scholarly journals Values of rainfall erosivity factor for the Czech Republic

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloslav Janeček ◽  
Vít Květoň ◽  
Eliška Kubátová ◽  
Dominika Kobzová ◽  
Michaela Vošmerová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Rainfall Erosivity ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Average Value ◽  
R Factor ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Time Division ◽  
R Factors

Abstract The processing of ombrographic data from 29 meteorological stations of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI), according to the terms of the Universal Soil Loss Equation for calculating long term loss of soil through water erosion, erosion hazard rains and their occurrence have been selected, with their relative amount and erosiveness - R-Factors determined for each month and years. By comparing the value of the time division of the R-Factor in the area of the Czech Republic and in selected areas of the USA it has been demonstrated that this division may be applied in the conditions of the Czech Republic. For the Czech Republic it is recommended to use the average value R = 40 based on the original evaluation.

scholarly journals Consequences of the Public Contract Law for Purchase of Scientific Appliances in the Czech Republic

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 675-681
Author(s):  
Martin Vyklický
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Flow Of Funds ◽  
Science And Research ◽  
Research Equipment ◽  
Public Contract

This article essentially covers in more detail the consequences of the present wording of the Public Contract Law for purchase of scientific appliances in the Czech Republic. The beginning of the article deals with increasing public expenses in research; then, the problem is defined concerning unsuitable wording of certain provisions of the Public Contract Law; while subsequently, the solution for the problem is searched together with the final comments. Investing of public funds into science and research is probably the most efficient in a long-term horizon. However, the flow of funds for acquisition of scientific and research equipment should be supported by appropriate legislation with such wording and form not to prevent purchases of that equipment. Availability of public funds for something which in fact cannot be, due to wrongly set legislation, acquired by a contracting authority is the problem which must be eliminated through timely implementation of the above proposed changes in the Public Contract Law.

scholarly journals VENOUS CONDUITS IN CORONARY SURGERY: OLD PROBLEMS — NEW SOLUTIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Y. Y. Vecherskiy ◽  
D. V. Manvelyan ◽  
V. V. Zatolokin ◽  
V. M. Shipulin
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
Coronary Surgery ◽  
Surgical Revascularization ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Venous Shunt ◽  
High Incidence

The introduction of autovenous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) marked the era of surgical revascularization in patients with coronary artery disease. It provided effective treatment for angina and significantly improved the long-term prognosis. Venous transplants today remain the most popular conduits in coronary surgery due to their availability, ease of harvesting, and the absence of length restrictions. Despite the advantages of autovenous CABG, the main disadvantage is the high incidence of venous graft failure, which represents an important and unresolved problem in cardiac and cardiovascular surgery. On the other hand, the traditional allocation of a large saphenous vein implies the dissection of soft tissues throughout the length of the isolated conduit. Traumatic dissection causes a long-lasting persistent pain syndrome after surgery, frequent abnormalities in  skin sensitivity, and a high incidence of wound complications in the lower extremities. These complications lengthen the period of rehabilitation of patients and worsen the quality of life. There is an approach of isolating the vein in a block with surrounding tissues to optimize the long-term functioning of the venous shunt, however, this technique is even more traumatic than the traditional method, and therefore its use is limited in practice. On the other hand, the introduction of minimally invasive methods of isolation allowed to reduce the incidence of wound complications and to improve the cosmetic result, but there is no convincing data regarding the effect on the consistency of shunts in the long-term postoperative period. The problems associated with the use of venous conduits in CABG are multifaceted, and their solutions are necessary to improve the effectiveness of surgical revascularization.

scholarly journals Ground beetles (Carabidae) from slopes of Macošská stráň and Vilémovická stráň (Protected landscape area of Moravský kras, Czech Republic)

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Niedobová ◽  
Vladimír Hula ◽  
Pavla Šťastná
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Red List ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Group A

Collecting of Carabidae was conducted using pitfall traps at four sites. The first two sites (T1 + T2) were at the slope of Macošská stráň and the other two sites (T3 + T4) at the slope of Vilémovická stráň. The study was done in 2008 and 2009. At Macošská stráň in 2008, 21 species of Carabidae with the total number of 228 individuals were found and in 2009, 18 species of the total number of 116 specimens were collected. At Vilémovická stráň in 2008, 22 species of Carabidae with the total number of 1977 specimens were found and in 2009, 21 species of the total number of 623 specimens were caught. In terms of classification of relictness, Macošská stráň in 2008 was dominated by species of adaptable group A (60%), species of eurytop group (E) were represented by 35% and of relic group (R) by 5%. In 2009, the same representation of species of groups A and E (47%) were found and the species of group R were represented by 6%. Vilémovická stráň in 2008 was dominated by species of group A (52%), species of group E were represented by 43% and of group R by 5%. In 2009 also dominated species of group A (54%), species of group E were represented by 41% and of group R by 5%. In the studied area we reported four endangered species of Carabidae protected by Law (No. 395/1992 Coll.) as amended, these were Calosoma auropunctatum (critically endangered), Brachinus crepitans, Carabus ullrichii and Cicindela campestris (endangered) and two species listed under the Red List of Threatened Species of the Czech Republic (Veselý et al., 2005). One of the species is listed as vulnerable (Calosoma auropunctatum) and one as near endangered (Carabus cancellatus). Another significant species found on the monitored sites was Aptinus bombarda.

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