scholarly journals Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field generator suitable for plant in vitro studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 180-186
Author(s):  
Prihatini Riry ◽  
Abdullah Mohamad Puad ◽  
Abdullah Tuan Abdul Rashid bin Tuan ◽  
Said Ismail ◽  
Hussin Halil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
The Earth ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets

The extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) occurs naturally from the earth and artificially as a human invention. The objectives of this study were to develop a suitable ELF-EMF generator for in vitro plants culture studies and to determine the effect of ELF-EMF exposure on in vitro tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) growth and chlorophyll content. An ELF-EMF generator, the coGEM 1,000 was constructed using four coils of copper wires that were connected to a transformer, multimeter and rheostat. The coGEM 1,000 suitable for tissue culture plants is able to produce stable and uniform 6 and 12 mT 50Hz ELF-EMF in the four coils of the ELF-EMF generator. The tobacco in vitro plantlets were exposed to 6 and 12 mT of 50 Hz ELF-EMF for a period of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 hours. The exposure to 12 mT ELF-EMF for an hour increased plant growth (shoot height); whereas the exposure to 6 mT Elf-EMF for an hour increased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and the total chlorophyll content.  

Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) generates alterations in the synthesis and secretion of oestradiol-17 β (E 2 ) in uterine tissues: An in vitro study

2018 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 86-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Koziorowska ◽  
Ewa Monika Waszkiewicz ◽  
Maria Romerowicz-Misielak ◽  
Kamila Zglejc-Waszak ◽  
Anita Franczak
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency

scholarly journals Human Gingival Fibroblasts Exposed to Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields: In Vitro Model of Wound-Healing Improvement

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Costantini ◽  
Bruna Sinjari ◽  
Chiara D’Angelo ◽  
Giovanna Murmura ◽  
Marcella Reale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Gingival Fibroblasts ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency

Several clinical studies have suggested the impact of sinusoidal and pulsed electromagnetic fields in quickening wound repair processes and tissue regeneration. The clinical use of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields could represent a novel frontier in tissue repair and oral health, with an interesting clinical perspective. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of an extremely low-frequency sinusoidal electromagnetic field (SEMF) and an extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) with flux densities of 1 mT on a model of oral healing process using gingival fibroblasts. An in vitro mechanical injury was produced to evaluate wound healing, migration, viability, metabolism, and the expression of selected cytokines and protease genes in fibroblasts exposed to or not exposed to the SEMF and the PEMF. Interleukin 6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β), metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) are involved in wound healing and tissue regeneration, favoring fibroblast proliferation, chemotaxis, and activation. Our results show that the exposure to each type of electromagnetic field increases the early expression of IL-6, TGF-β, and iNOS, driving a shift from an inflammatory to a proliferative phase of wound repair. Additionally, a later induction of MMP-2, MCP-1, and HO-1 was observed after electromagnetic field exposure, which quickened the wound-healing process. Moreover, electromagnetic field exposure influenced the proliferation, migration, and metabolism of human gingival fibroblasts compared to sham-exposed cells. This study suggests that exposure to SEMF and PEMF could be an interesting new non-invasive treatment option for wound healing. However, additional studies are needed to elucidate the best exposure conditions to provide the desired in vivo treatment efficacy.

Therapeutic Application of Musically Modulated Electromagnetic Fields in the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
C. Corallo ◽  
M. Rigato ◽  
E. Battisti ◽  
A. Albanese ◽  
S. Gonnelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Experimental Point ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Positive Effects

Different studies have demonstrated the efficacy of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF EMFs) in the treatment of pain. In particular, the positive effects of ELF EMFs seems to depend on their respective codes, such as frequency, intensity and waveform, even if the exact mechanism of interaction is still debated. The most commonly used for extremely low frequency magnetotherapy is a 100Hz sinusoidal field (ELF) with a mean of induction of few Gauss. This article reviews the therapeutic application of a musically modulated electromagnetic field (TAMMEF), a new-generation of electromagnetic field used for extremely low frequency magnetotherapy characterized by variable frequencies, intensities and waveforms. Both clinical and experimental studies, performed by authors of the present review, have demonstrated the efficacy of ELF and the new TAMMEF systems in several musculoskeletal disorders such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, carpal tunnel syndrome, shoulder periarthritis and cervical spondylosis. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that ELF and TAMMEF systems are not only effective, but also safe, from clinical and experimental point of view. In fact, clinical trials did not reported any undesired side effect, while in vitro studies showed that ELF EMFs did not induce uncontrolled cell proliferation, did not affect cell viability and did not induce apoptosis. With their efficacy and safety, ELF and even more the new TAMMEF systems represent a valid complementary or alternative treatment to standard pharmacological therapies in reducing both pain and inflammation of patients affected by musculoskeletal disorders.

scholarly journals Lymphocyte cytoskeleton reorganization caused by a short-term action of an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (50 Hz) on the blood in vitro

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
A. N. Shklyarova ◽  
E. V. Tsukanova ◽  
M. N. Starodubtseva ◽  
I. A. Cheshik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
System Component ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Atomic Force

Objective: to detect changes in the parameters of the structure and mechanical properties of the surface layer of lymphocytes in the blood of a rat after a single action (30 min and 2 h) of an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF EMF) on the rat`s whole blood in vitro.Material and methods. We exposed the whole blood of a Wistar rat (4.5 months) to the effect of ELF EMF (50 Hz, B = 0.79 mT), generated by an experimental setup based on a Helmholtz coil. Lymphocytes were isolated from the blood using the Histopaque-1077 density gradient sedimentation method, then were placed on the surface of glass slides and fixed with glutaraldehyde, and finally were dried. We performed atomic force microscopy (AFM) using the atomic force microscope Bioscope Resolve in the PeakForce QMN mode in air.Results. On the basis of the results of the analysis of the AFM images, we classified the lymphocytes into several morphological types depending on the size of the lamellopodium. We analyzed the mechanical properties of the surface areas sized 250 nm × 250 nm for lymphocytes with the lamellopodium sized 400–1100 nm. The analysis found an rise in the elastic modulus of the lymphocyte surface after a short-term action (30 min) of ELF EMF. When the time of the ELF EMF exposure was increased up to 2 hours, the elastic (elastic modulus) and adhesive properties (the adhesion force between the AFM probe tip and cell surface) of the lymphocytes were significantly weakened.Conclusion. For the first time using the AFM method we have detected nanoscale changes in the structure and mechanical properties of the surface of the rat`s lymphocytes after a short-term action of ELF EMF (50 Hz, 0.79 mT, 30 min), which are indicative of the activation of the functions of lymphocytes as an immune system component in response to the short-term exposure of ELF EMF.

scholarly journals Alterations in Adenylate Kinase Activity in Human PBMCs after In Vitro Exposure to Electromagnetic Field: Comparison between Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field (ELF) and Therapeutic Application of a Musically Modulated Electromagnetic Field (TAMMEF)

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonietta Albanese ◽  
Emilio Battisti ◽  
Daniela Vannoni ◽  
Emilia Aceto ◽  
Gianmichele Galassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Adenylate Kinase ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Purine Metabolism ◽  
Electrical Charge ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency

This study investigated the effects of electromagnetic fields on enzymes involved in purine metabolism in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. Cells were obtained from 20 volunteers. We tested both low-energy, extremely low frequency (ELF; 100-Hz) electromagnetic fields and the Therapeutic Application of Musically Modulated Electromagnetic Fields (TAMMEFs); the latter is characterized by variable frequencies, intensities, and wave shapes. Adenylate kinase activity was increased after ELF field exposure but decreased slightly after TAMMEF exposure. Neither of the two electromagnetic field affected the activities of the purine metabolism enzymes ecto-5′-nucleotidase, adenosine deaminase, and adenosine kinase. We concluded that ELF fields may influence cellular electrical charge stability; stimulation of adenylate kinase activity could restore the cell to a state of equilibrium. In contrast, TAMMEF fields may be useful for maintaining and regulating the cellular electrical charge.

scholarly journals SENSITIVITY OF PIGMENT CONTENT OF BANANA AND ORCHID TISSUE CULTURE EXPOSED TO EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIEL

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Riry Prihatini ◽  
Norihan Mohamad Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Musa Sp ◽  
Natural Exposure ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Slipper Orchid

<p>Natural exposure of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) occurs in the environment and acts as one of the abiotic factors that affect the growth and development of organisms. This study was conducted to determine the effect of ELF-EMF on the tissue cultured banana and slipper orchid chlorophyll content as one of the indicators in measuring plant photosynthetic capacity. Four days old banana (Musa sp. cv. Berangan) corm and seven days old slipper orchid (Paphiopedilum rothschildianum) cultures were exposed to 6 and 12 mT ELF-EMF generated by controllable ELF-EMF built up machine for 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 hours. After exposure, the banana and orchid cultures were incubated at 25° C for 8 and 16 weeks, respectively. The results showed that the ELF-EMF exposure had different effects on banana and slipper orchid cultures though both plant species belong to monocotyledon. The highest increase in chlorophyll content on banana was resulted by the high intensity and long duration of ELF-EMF exposure (12 mT for 4 hours), whereas on slipper orchid the modest and short duration of ELF-EMF exposure produced the most excessive chlorophyll content. Different ELF-EMF exposures (12 mT for 4 hours and 6 mT for 30 minutes) had potential to be applied on each plant to improve in vitro plant (banana and slipper orchid, respectively) growth. The increased chlorophyll and carotene/xanthophyll content on banana indicated that the banana was more tolerant to ELF-EMF exposure compared to slipper orchid. </p>

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