scholarly journals Possibilities of influencing the rooting quality of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) cuttings

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 464-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jurásek ◽  
J. Martincová
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Bud Formation ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Rooting Ability ◽  
Parent Tree ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
The Relationship

The influence of the date of cutting collection and cutting position in the crown on rooting quality was evaluated in cuttings taken from seven-year ortets. The evaluation of various dates of cutting collection in spring demonstrated a possibility of successful propagation by cuttings during a relatively long period from full bud dormancy to flushing onset. The relationship between the development of aboveground parts (flushing, shoot and bud formation) and rooting quality was not established. The exposure of cuttings in the crown of parent tree with respect to the cardinal points did not influence rooting percentage and quality. A somewhat higher rooting ability was observed in cuttings from lower parts of the crown in comparison with cuttings taken from the highest whorls. Differences were more perceivable in generally weak-rooting clones. The comparison of rooting quality in cuttings from seven- and eight-year mother plantations with cuttings from a sixteen-year mother plantation confirmed that not only the rooting of cuttings collected from older mother plantations is weaker but also their growth is slower and their plagiotropic growth continues for a longer time.

Grade yields and wood properties of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] from the Maritimes

1995 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-478
Author(s):  
Y. H. Chui
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Clear Wood ◽  
Comparative Information ◽  
Grade Yield

Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] is one of the major non-native softwood species in the Maritimes. A project was undertaken to evaluate the grade yields and mechanical properties of Norway spruce. The project also provided comparative information on the wood quality of two Norway spruce provenances from Germany and Poland. Four plantations were selected for the study with two of these plantations containing trees of known provenances. One plantation was mature and the other three were juvenile. In total, 530 pieces of lumber and the same number of matched small clear specimens were tested for bending properties. Prior to testing, the lumber was visually graded according to both British and Canadian specifications. Quality of lumber varied significantly between sites. Lumber from the Polish provenance had slightly better mechanical properties than that from trees of the German provenance. Compared with published information, the plantation-grown Norway spruce had lower clear wood bending properties and specific gravity than primary eastern Canadian spruce species and balsam fir, and natural Norway spruce grown in Europe. Key words: Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.], wood quality, bending properties, grade yield

Susceptibility of pretreated wood sections of Norway spruce (Picea abies) clones to enzymatic hydrolysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohama Puentes Rodriguez ◽  
Helena Puhakka-Tarvainen ◽  
Ossi Pastinen ◽  
Matti Siika-aho ◽  
Leila Alvila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
The Relationship

The structure of softwoods, which confers resistance to degradation through hydrolysis and decay, currently limits their use for the production of biofuels. However, since wood is very heterogeneous, it is possible that differences in wood properties within and between trees could differentially affect its processability. In this research, heartwood (inner) and sapwood (outer) from Norway spruce ( Picea abies (L.) Karst.) clones were enzymatically hydrolyzed by Trichoderma viride cellulases after concentrated acid pretreatment. Wood sections with two particle sizes were compared based on their susceptibility to enzymatic hydrolysis, evaluated by assaying the formation of hydrolysis products and measured as reducing sugar yield (RSY). We also studied the relationship between RSY and the susceptibility to Heterobasidion parviporum wood decay and whether these traits are reflected in wood density and yield. Wood from the outer section produced more RSY with higher glucan but lower lignin content than wood from the inner section. Furthermore, susceptibility to enzymatic hydrolysis was positively correlated with H. parviporum wood decay, while both processes were negatively correlated with wood density. Our results revealed the importance of clonal trials for identifying suitable lignocellulosic biomass when considering wood properties and indicate that potential genotypes for the production of biofuels are not necessarily the most productive.

scholarly journals Sprouts and Needles of Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) as Nordic Specialty—Consumer Acceptance, Stability of Nutrients, and Bioactivities during Storage

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4187
Author(s):  
Tuula Jyske ◽  
Eila Järvenpää ◽  
Susan Kunnas ◽  
Tytti Sarjala ◽  
Jan-Erik Raitanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Production Scale

Developing shoots, i.e., sprouts, and older needles of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) have traditionally been used for medicinal purposes due to the high content of vitamins and antioxidants. Currently, sprouts are available as, for example, superfood and supplements. However, end-product quality and nutritive value may decline in the value-chain from raw material sourcing to processing and storage. We studied (1) impacts of different drying and extraction methods on nutritional composition and antioxidative properties of sprouts and needles, (2) differences between sprouts and needles in nutritional composition and microbiological quality, and (3) production scale quality of the sprouts. Additionally, (4) sprout powder was applied in products (ice-cream and sorbet) and consumer acceptance was evaluated. According to our results, older needles have higher content of dry matter, energy, and calcium, but lower microbial quality than sprouts. Sprouts showed a higher concentration of vitamin C, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus than older needles. Freeze-drying was the best drying method preserving the quality of both sprouts and needles, e.g., vitamin C content. The antioxidative activity of the sprout extracts were lower than that of needles. Ethanol-water extraction resulted in a higher content of active compounds in the extract than water extraction. Sensory evaluation of food products revealed that on average, 76% of consumers considered sprout-containing products very good or good, and a creamy product was preferred over a water-based sorbet.

scholarly journals Comparison of morphological and physiological parameters of the planting material of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) from intensive nursery technologies with current bareroot plants

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Leugner ◽  
A. Jurásek ◽  
J. Martincová
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Essential Prerequisite ◽  
Root Collar ◽  
System Volume

High quality of planting material is an essential prerequisite for successful artificial forest regeneration. We carried out a detailed investigation aimed at differences between plantable bareroot and container plants of Norway spruce (<I>Picea abies</I> [L.] Karst.). Based on the results of this experiment, there exist marked differences in basic morphological traits between bareroot plants and plugs. The largest differences were observed in root collar diameter and root system volume. Differences in physiological quality (nutrient content, function of assimilatory organs) were also great. The results document that container seedlings of Norway spruce produced by intensive technology in controlled conditions of plastic greenhouses have very good predispositions for successful growth in difficult mountain conditions.

The Effect of Industrial Emission on Wood Quality in Norway Spruce (Picea Abies)

IAWA Journal ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Evertsen ◽  
M. P. Mac Siurtain ◽  
J. J. Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Industrial Emission ◽  
Preliminary Study

In this preliminary study, the influence of industrial emission on the wood quality of Norway spruce was evaluated. Intrinsie wood quality determining properties: ring width (RW), mean annual density, percentage annual 1atewood and the product of (RW × (maximumminimum density)) appear to be affected by the emissions of a fertiliser factory adjoining the stands studied. Fluctuations in the performance of these intrinsic wood properties coincide with the start of production by the factory and a change in the manufacturing process.

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