scholarly journals Effect of aluminium on peroxidase activity in roots of Al-sensitive and Al-resistant barley cultivars

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
L. Tamás ◽  
J. Huttová ◽  
I. Mistrík
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Root Growth Inhibition ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Peroxidase Isozymes ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Al Treatment ◽  
Treatment Activity

The effect of Al stress on peroxidase activity and peroxidase isozymes was studied in roots of two barley cultivars with contrasting sensitivity to Al. Al treatment induced a tremendous enhancement of guaiacol peroxidase activity especially in roots of Al-sensitive barley cv. Alfor. After 48 h of Al treatment activity of peroxidase in roots of cv. Alfor was up to 5.5 times higher than the control roots. In contrast, activity of peroxidase in the roots of Al-resistant cv. Bavaria was about one half than that in roots of Al-sensitive Alfor. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that at least five peroxidase isozymes are activated by Al treatment. Using IEF we determined that three of Al-induced peroxidase isozymes are cationic with pI about 8.2, 8.4 and 8.6, while two other are anionic isoperoxidases with pI about 4.0 and 4.5. Al induced increase in the activity of root peroxidases correlated with the extent of Al induced root growth inhibition. The inhibition of root growth in Al-sensitive Alfor represented 44% but in Al-resistant Bavaria only 21% in comparison with control plants. Higher peroxidase activity, as well, as higher inhibition of root growth in Al-sensitive Alfor suggest that enhanced oxidative stress generated by Al treatment is significantly more stressful in Alfor than in the Al-resistant Bavaria.

Effect of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] stress in roots of Cr-tolerant and Cr-sensitive barley cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yildiz ◽  
H. Terzi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Significant Difference

The effect of different chromium [Cr(VI)] concentrations (0, 75, 150 and 225 μM) on dehydrogenase activity, total soluble protein, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes was investigated in the roots of two barley cultivars (Cr-tolerant Zeynelağa and Cr-sensitive Orza-96) in hydroponic experiments. The root dehydrogenase activity and protein content decreased with an increase in the Cr(VI) concentration, but no significant difference was found between the two barley cultivars. Cr(VI) stress increased the contents of proline and MDA in both cultivars, but this effect was more pronounced in Orza-96 than in Zeynelağa. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD), exhibited changes. The SOD activity increased in Zeynelağa and decreased in Orza-96 at 225 μM Cr(VI) compared to their controls. Cr(VI) stress decreased the APX and POD activities. Zeynelağa had greater APX activity than Orza-96 at 150 and 225 μM Cr(VI). However, there was no marked difference in POD activities between the two cultivars. The decrease in root dehydrogenase activity and protein content, the increase in proline and lipid peroxidation, and the alterations in the activities of antioxidant enzymes may be indicative of oxidative stress induced by Cr(VI).

Peroxidase activity and lignification in soybean root growth-inhibition by juglone

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. F. Bohm ◽  
F. M. L. Zanardo ◽  
M. L. L. Ferrarese ◽  
O. Ferrarese-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Root Growth Inhibition ◽  
Soybean Root

scholarly journals Selenium levels and glutathione peroxidase activity in patients with ataxia-telangiectasia: association with oxidative stress and lipid status biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Itana Gomes Alves Andrade ◽  
Fabíola Isabel Suano-Souza ◽  
Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca ◽  
Carolina Sanchez Aranda Lago ◽  
Roseli Oselka Saccardo Sarni
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Lipid Status ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Introduction Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T) is a multi-system disorder that may be associated with endocrine changes, oxidative stress in addition to inflammation. Studies suggest that selenium is a trace element related to protection against damage caused by oxidative stress. Objective To describe the plasma levels of selenium and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity in A-T patients and to relate them to oxidative stress and lipid status biomarkers. Methods This is a cross-sectional and controlled study evaluating 22 A-T patients (age median, 12.2 years old) matched by gender and age with 18 healthy controls. We evaluated: nutritional status, food intake, plasma selenium levels, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity, lipid status, inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers. Results Adequate levels of selenium were observed in 24/36 (66.7%) in this evaluated population. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in selenium levels [47.6 μg/L (43.2–57.0) vs 54.6 (45.2–62.6) μg/dL, p = 0.242]. Nine of A-T patients (41%) had selenium levels below the reference value. The A-T group presented higher levels of LDL-c, non-HDL-c, oxidized LDL, Apo B, Apo-B/Apo-A-I1, LDL-c/HDL-c ratio, malondialdehyde [3.8 µg/L vs 2.8 µg/L, p = 0.029] and lower Apo-A-I1/HDL-c and glutathione peroxidase activity [7300 U/L vs 8686 U/L, p = 0.005]. Selenium levels were influenced, in both groups, independently, by the concentrations of oxidized LDL, malonaldehyde and non-HDL-c. The oxidized LDL (AUC = 0.849) and ALT (AUC = 0.854) were the variables that showed the greatest discriminatory power between groups. Conclusion In conclusion, we observed the presence of selenium below the reference value in nearly 40% and low GPx activity in A-T patients. There was a significant, inverse and independent association between selenium concentrations and oxidative stress biomarkers. Those data reinforce the importance of assessing the nutritional status of selenium in those patients.

Foliar vs. Root Sensitivity of Hairy Bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) to Isoxaben

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Wehtje ◽  
Charles H. Gilliam ◽  
Michael E. Miller ◽  
James E. Altland
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Root Growth Inhibition ◽  
Root Absorption ◽  
Nursery Production ◽  
Plant Maturity ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Inhibit Root Growth ◽  
Hydroponically Grown

It has been previously reported that POST-applied isoxaben can effectively control established hairy bittercress. Experiments were conducted to determine the relative importance of root vs. foliar entry of POST-applied isoxaben. At a common isoxaben rate of 0.56 kg/ha, foliar-only and foliar plus soil applications provided 10.5 and 23.3% control, respectively, as determined by fresh weight reduction. In contrast, soil-only application provided 47.0% control. Hairy bittercress foliar absorption of14C–isoxaben did not exceed 15% of the amount applied after 72 h. Therefore, the comparatively less effectiveness of foliar-only applications may be attributed primarily to limited absorption. Minimal isoxaben concentration required to inhibit root growth of hydroponically grown hairy bittercress was 0.0025 mg/L. Higher concentrations were required to produce a response in the foliage. Sorption of isoxaben by pine bark rooting substrate, typical of what is used in container nursery production, exceeded 99% of amount applied after 36 h. Even with 99% sorption, the probable concentration within the aqueous phase remains sufficient to inhibit hairy bittercress root growth. Additional studies with14C–isoxaben established that approximately 35% of the root-absorbed isoxaben was translocated into the foliage. Translocation from the roots into the foliage was reduced to 16% when the experiment was repeated during environmental conditions less favorable for vegetative growth (i.e., longer day length and higher temperature). Results indicate that the control of hairy bittercress with POST-applied isoxaben is likely the result of root absorption and root-growth inhibition. Expression of phytotoxicity within the foliage is also a component, but is dependent upon the root-absorbed isoxaben being translocated into the foliage. Extent of this translocation is dependent upon plant maturity and prevalent environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and transcriptional analyses of MATE transporter genes in root tips of wild Cicer spp. under aluminium stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Zhang ◽  
Brayden Weir ◽  
Hongru Wei ◽  
Zhiwei Deng ◽  
Xiaoqi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Al Tolerance ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Encoding Genes ◽  
Al Treatment

AbstractChickpea is an economically important legume crop with high nutritional value in human diets. Aluminium-toxicity poses a significant challenge for the yield improvement of this increasingly popular crop in acidic soils. The wild progenitors of chickpea may provide a more diverse gene pool for Al-tolerance in chickpea breeding. However, the genetic basis of Al-tolerance in chickpea and its wild relatives remains largely unknown. Here, we assessed the Al-tolerance of six selected wild Cicer accessions by measuring the root elongation in solution culture under control (0 µM Al3+) and Al-treatment (30 µM Al3+) conditions. Al-treatment significantly reduced the root elongation in all target lines compared to the control condition after 2-day’s growth. However, the relative reduction of root elongation in different lines varied greatly: 3 lines still retained significant root growth under Al-treatment, whilst another 2 lines displayed no root growth at all. We performed genome-wide identification of multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) encoding genes in the Cicer genome. A total of 56 annotated MATE genes were identified, which divided into 4 major phylogeny groups (G1-4). Four homologues to lupin LaMATE (> 50% aa identity; named CaMATE1-4) were clustered with previously characterised MATEs related to Al-tolerance in various other plants. qRT-PCR showed that CaMATE2 transcription in root tips was significantly up-regulated upon Al-treatment in all target lines, whilst CaMATE1 was up-regulated in all lines except Bari2_074 and Deste_064, which coincided with the lines displaying no root growth under Al-treatment. Transcriptional profiling in five Cicer tissues revealed that CaMATE1 is specifically transcribed in the root tissue, further supporting its role in Al-detoxification in roots. This first identification of MATE-encoding genes associated with Al-tolerance in Cicer paves the ways for future functional characterization of MATE genes in Cicer spp., and to facilitate future design of gene-specific markers for Al-tolerant line selection in chickpea breeding programs.

scholarly journals OXIDATIVE STRESS MARKERS IN THE LUNGS UNDER EXPERIMENTAL HYPEROXIA WITH INHALED LIPOSOMES BASED ON EGG LECITHIN

Biomeditsina ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
I. L. Kotovich ◽  
Zh. A. Rutkovskaya ◽  
A. D. Taganovich
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Hyperoxia Exposure ◽  
Egg Lecithin

Oxidative stress is considered to be a factor leading to lung damage in premature infants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of inhaled antioxidants incorporated into egg lecithin liposomes on the indicators of oxidative stress in the lungs of newborn guinea pigs under experimental hyperoxia (3 days). Bronchoalveolar lavage fl uid (BALF) was used as a material for the study. Under hyperoxia exposure, inhalation of liposomes containing N-acetylcysteine and alpha-tocopherol contributed to the suppression of the reactive oxygen species production by cells, normalization of glutathione peroxidase activity and carbonyls content, while not affecting the level of diene conjugates in BALF. The introduction of retinoid-containing liposomes (retinol and retinoic acid) under hyperoxia was accompanied by normalization of glutathione peroxidase activity as well as the content of protein oxidation products in BALF, while the generation of reactive oxygen species remained enhanced, and the diene conjugates and thiobarbituric acid reactive products exceeded the levels in animals exposed to hyperoxia alone. Thus, the inhaled liposomes containing retinoids and egg lecithin exhibit not only anti-, but also a prooxidant effect in the lungs under hyperoxia exposure, unlike the liposomal forms of N-acetylcysteine and alpha-tocopherol.

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