scholarly journals The effect of post-anthesis water supply on grain nitrogen concentration and grain nitrogen Šeld of winter wheat

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 304-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Haberle ◽  
P. Svoboda ◽  
I. Raimanová
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Yield ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Grain Nitrogen

The effect of water supply during grain growth on grain nitrogen concentration (GNC) and grain nitrogen yield (GNY) of winter wheat (<I>Triticum aestivum</I> L.) was studied in the field experiment on fertile loamy-clay soil in years 2004–2007. The water regime was differentiated using mobile rain shelter (water shortage, treatment S) and drip irrigation (ample water supply, treatment W); rain-fed crop served as the control treatment (R). Wheat was grown without addition of nitrogen and with 200 kg N/ha (N0 and N1, resp.). The effect of water supply on GNC was highly significant (<I>P</I> < 0.001) in fertilized wheat and not significant in N0. Drought significantly increased GNC in comparison with irrigated and rain-fed crop in N1. Average grain nitrogen concentrations in respective treatments S, R and W were 1.52, 1.54 and 1.56% in N0 and 2.50, 2.24 and 2.07% in N1. Water availability also significantly affected grain nitrogen yield (<I>P</I> < 0.01). The GNY of fertilized wheat under water shortage was significantly lower (139 kg/ha) than GNY in treatments R (174 kg/ha) and W (182 kg/ha) while under N0 the differences were not significant. Unlike GNC, the GNY was positively associated with mineral N supply (N<sub>min</sub>) in 0–90 cm depth in early spring (<I>r </I> = 0.98–0.99 and 0.83–0.97 for N0 and N1, resp.). Several weather and related characteristics showed relations to GNY and GNC, often opposite under N0 and N1. N<sub>min</sub> together with nitrogen fertilization rate, indicators of water regime and temperature during grain growth period explained 78–97% of observed variability of GNC and GNY in the experiment.

scholarly journals Climatic Warming Increases Winter Wheat Yield but Reduces Grain Nitrogen Concentration in East China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e95108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunlu Tian ◽  
Chengyan Zheng ◽  
Jin Chen ◽  
Changqing Chen ◽  
Aixing Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
East China ◽  
Climatic Warming ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Grain Nitrogen

Simulation of the effect of water shortage on the yields of winter wheat in North-East England

2002 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shepherd ◽  
S.M. McGinn ◽  
G.C.L. Wyseure
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
North East

Physiological characteristics of recent Canada Western Red Spring wheat cultivars: Components of grain nitrogen yield

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wang ◽  
T. N. McCaig ◽  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
F. R. Clarke ◽  
J. M. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Harvest Index ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Efficient Utilization ◽  
Nitrogen Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
New Cultivars ◽  
Nitrogen Harvest

Genetic yield gains have been difficult to achieve within the Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) class, partially because of the requirement for high protein concentration. A previous study indicated that four newer, high-yield CWRS cultivars (registered 1994–1997) also had higher protein yields. The objective of the present study was to determine if the increase in grain nitrogen (protein) yield of the four newer wheat cultivars, relative to two older cultivars, Neepawa (registered in 1969) and Marquis (introduced in 1909), resulted from increased plant nitrogen uptake, more efficient utilization of nitrogen, or a combination of these factors. The higher nitrogen yields were primarily attributed to more efficient utilization and redistribution of the nitrogen rather than increased uptake of soil nitrogen. The nitrogen harvest index (NHI) of the new cultivars, considered as a group, was higher than the NHI of Neepawa, which in turn was higher than that of the much older cultivar Marquis. The NHI of each of the new cultivars was higher than that of Marquis. The nitrogen concentration in the non-grain tissue at maturity (NGNCM) of the new cultivars, considered as a group, was lower than that of Neepawa, which in turn was lower than the NGNCM of Marquis. At maturity, all five tissues (leaf blade, stem plus sheath, peduncle, glume, and rachis) for the new cultivars and Neepawa had lower nitrogen concentrations than for the corresponding tissues of Marquis. The nitrogen concentration of the peduncle and leaf-blade tissues of the new cultivars, as a group, were also lower at maturity than the corresponding nitrogen concentrations for Neepawa. The results suggest that low non-grain nitrogen concentration at harvest is associated with improved NHI and grain nitrogen yield in CWRS wheat. This information may improve our understanding of the higher protein yields that have been achieved within this class, and assist in the selection of future parents. Key words: Nitrogen harvest index, nitrogen uptake, nitrogen yield, protein, remobilization, Triticum aestivum

Effects of soil water content and foliar fertilization with nitrogen and phosphorus in late season on the yield and composition of wheat

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 577 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Alston
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Dough Stage

Wheat was grown in reconstructed profiles of a sandy red-brown earth in pots 120 cm deep. Ammonium sulfate (90 mg nitrogen per pot) and/or monocalcium phosphate (75 mg phosphorus per pot) were added to the topsoil. In one experiment, water treatments were introduced when the wheat reached ear emergence to provide (a) dry topsoil and water shortage; (b) dry topsoil but ample water supply in the subsoil; or (c) ample water supply, with both topsoil and subsoil wet. Additional nitrogen (82–164 mg per pot as urea) and/or phosphorus (9–18 mg per pot as phosphoric acid) were added to the plants in foliar sprays after ear emergence. In a second experiment in which water treatment (b) was applied, the dry surface soil was wetted at different stages of plant growth, viz. ear emergence, anthesis or the dough stage. In both experiments the yield and concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the wheat were measured at maturity. Total dry matter production was little affected by the water content of the soil after ear emergence, but grain yield was increased relative to that of straw where the topsoil was wet at the dough stage. Application of nitrogen at the time of sowing generally increased the yield of grain and straw, but phosphorus had little effect on yield. Additional foliar application of nitrogen after ear emergence increased grain yield where water stress was low: foliar application of phosphorus increased grain yield only when applied with nitrogen. Nitrogen concentration in the grain was little affected by adding nitrogen to the soil but was increased by late foliar application of nitrogen. Phosphorus concentrations were increased by phosphorus and decreased by nitrogen applications.

Effect of water shortage on six potato genotypes in the highlands of Bolivia (II): water relations, physiological parameters

Agronomie ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Tourneux ◽  
Andr� Devaux ◽  
Maria Ren� Camacho ◽  
Pablo Mamani ◽  
Jean-Fran�ois Ledent
Keyword(s):  
Water Relations ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Effect Of Water

Impact of water availability on winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield characteristics

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Klupács ◽  
Á. Tarnawa ◽  
I. Balla ◽  
M. Jolánkai
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Physiological Condition ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Average Depth ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Yield Quality

Water supply of crop plants is the most essential physiological condition influencing quality and quantity performance of grain yield. In a 12-year experimental series of winter wheat agronomic trials run at the Nagygombos experimental site (Hungary) the effect of water availability has been studied. The location represents the typical average lowland conditions of the country, the annual precipitation of the experimental site belonging to the 550–600 mm belt of the Northern edges of the Great Hungarian Plain, while the average depth of groundwater varies between 2 to 3 metres. Crop years with various precipitation patterns have had different impacts on crop yield quality and quantity. Yield figures were in positive correlation with annual precipitation in general. Water availability had diverse influence on quality manifestation. Good water supply has often resulted in poorer grain quality, especially wet gluten and Hagberg values have been affected by that. Drought reduced the amount of yield in general, but contributed to a better quality manifestation in some of the crop years.

The Effect of Water Supply on the Growth of lzmir, Palotina and Amarelinho Tobaccos

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Comber
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Effect Of Water

AbstractThe Oriental tobacco variety Izmir has been grown in sand culture in a greenhouse under various degrees of water stress. Plants given 400 cm

The effect of livestock on the concentration of nitrogen in stream water

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoko Shimura ◽  
Toshio Tabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Specific Load

Recently NO3-N concentrations of the rivers that flow into the Kasumigaura lake have increased. The lake is much eutrophicated and is used as a source of water supply for Tsuchiura-city. Stocking density and NO3-N specific load have a high correlation (r=0.93). NO3-N concentrations increase corresponding to the increase of stocking density. In this area the livestock has a larger influence to the nitrogen concentration of the rivers than the land use.

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