scholarly journals Growth and yield of safflower genotypes grown under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions in a highland environment

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 453-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Öztürk ◽  
H. Özer ◽  
T. Polat
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Eastern Anatolia ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Seed Yields

Producers in highland and semiarid regions have difficulty in increasing diversity in crop rotations due to unfavorable conditions imposed by cool temperatures, inadequate rainfall, and shorter growing periods. In such conditions, safflower appears as a promising alternative because it is cold and drought tolerant. The objective of this study was to determine the responses of the hybrid and open-pollinated safflower genotypes to irrigated and non-irrigated conditions in a highland environment. For this reason, the field research was performed during the years of 2001 and 2002 in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. According to the results of the study, safflower genotypes tested were well adapted to the cool and short-season conditions in this region. The response of seed yield to genotype varied depending on the growing seasons. The non-irrigated plants produced nearly the same seed yield as irrigated ones. Average seed yields of safflower genotypes tested were 914.3 and 928.0 kg/ha in 2001, and 1143.6 and 1139.9 kg/ha in 2002 years for irrigated and non-irrigated experiments, respectively. In general, the genotypes differed in all of the investigated traits. In both irrigated and non-irrigated experiments genotype × year interactions were very significant for all parameters. This research shows that in semiarid and highland environments safflower has a big potential value as an oilseed crop under dryland conditions.

Assessment of plant population on growth, fibre and seed yield of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) in Ibadan western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
S.O. Olanipekun ◽  
A.O. Togun ◽  
S.A. Adejumo ◽  
O.N. Adeniyan ◽  
A.K. Adebayo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Bast Fibre ◽  
Statistical Analysis System ◽  
Fibre Yield ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Seed Yields

Kenaf is a multi-purpose crop with numerous industrial uses. Its production is constrained by poor cultural and agronomic practices which reduce yield. Inappropriate spacing among others could result in low yield. Effect of plant spacing on growth and yield of kenaf was investigated in Ibadan, Nigeria. Kenaf seed was sown (2 plants/stand) at three plant spacing: 50×15, 50×20, 50×25 cm was assessed for seed and bast fibre yields using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The analysis was done using statistical analysis system (SAS). Plant spacing differed significantly for bast fibre and seed yields. Highest bast fibre yield (0.9±0.03) and seed yield (0.5±0.01) were obtained at 50×20 cm and 50×25 cm spacing, respectively, while the lowest bast fibre yield (0.7±0.01) and seed yield (0.3±0.01) were obtained at 50×15 cm spacing. Spacing of 50 × 15 cm and 50 × 20 cm are appropriate when planting for fibre while 50 × 25cm is appropriate for seed production. Keywords: Kenaf, Spacing, Fibre and Seed yield.

scholarly journals Ryegrass (Lolium perenne) seed yield response to fungicides a summary of 12 years of field research

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Rolston ◽  
B.L. McCloy ◽  
I.C. Harvey ◽  
R.W. Chynoweth
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Seed Fill ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Green Leaf Area

A summary of seed yield data from 19 fungicide trials in perennial and hybrid ryegrass (Lolium spp) seed crops conducted over a 12 year period is presented Seed yields from the best fungicide treatments were increased on average by 25 in forage ryegrass (390 kg/ha) and 42 in turf ryegrass (580 kg/ha) Seed yield increases were associated with the control of stem rust and/or maintaining green leaf area during seed fill In turf ryegrass (susceptible to stem rust) delaying the first fungicide application until stem rust appeared resulted in seed yields that were not different (P>005) from the untreated experimental controls whereas early fungicide applications from the beginning of reproductive development increased seed yield by between 36 and 42 Fungicide mixes of a triazole plus a strobilurin usually gave higher seed yields than using either fungicide type alone

scholarly journals Crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst): A Non-Food Oilseed Crop with Great Potential: A Review

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dulan Samarappuli ◽  
Federica Zanetti ◽  
Sara Berzuini ◽  
Marisol T. Berti
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Crambe Abyssinica

Crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) is an oilseed crop in the Brassicaceae family. Crambe’s ability to survive in diverse environmental conditions, its unique oil composition, the high oil content, suitability for the production of slip agents for plasticizers, the capacity to be easily included in common crop rotations, and its adaptability to equipment used for small grain cultivation has renewed the interest in this emerging crop. Crambe is considered one of the main sources of erucic acid, which can be up to 60% of its seed oil content. Erucic acid (C22:1) is a fatty acid with industrial importance since it is used to produce erucamide, key ingredient in the plastic industry. Inclusion of crambe into crop rotations can be beneficial because of its short life cycle, low fertility requirements, resistance to pest and diseases, and relative drought tolerance. Currently high erucic acid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) (HEAR) is the principal source for erucic acid. However, the risk of contaminating food quality rapeseed (i.e., canola) by cross-pollination and the negative impact on climate, due to high inputs, are potential limitations to expand HEAR cultivation. Crambe has thus great potential to, at least, partially replace HEAR as a source of erucic acid, if the current knowledge-gap in agronomic management and crop improvement (seed yield and quality) can be addressed. Seed yield needs to be increased to be able to compete with HEAR. In addition, reducing glucosinolates and fiber in crambe meal may increase its inclusion in monogastrics rations. The objective of this review was to compile and summarize new and existing information on agricultural practices in crambe production and management to identify gaps in knowledge and areas for future research to increase the cultivation of crambe.

The effects of length of growing season, with and without defoliation, on seed yield and hard-seededness in swards of subterranean clover

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 783 ◽  
Author(s):  
WJ Collins
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Absolute Scale ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Short T2 ◽  
Relative Scale ◽  
Seed Yields

The effects of length of growing season and defoliation on seed yield and hard-seededness were examined in two strains of subterranean clover (Seaton Park, Midland B) grown in swards in the field. All plots were sown at the same time and the length of growing season was varied by altering the time of finish of the season (by withholding water). There were three length of growing season treatments: T1 (short), T2 (intermediate) and T3 (control). The defoliation treatments were D0, uncut (control), and D1, defoliated at weekly intervals until the commencement of flowering. Reducing the length of growing season drastically reduced seed yield. Thus when the growing season was only 3 weeks shorter than the control (i.e. T2 compared with T3), seed yields averaged over strains and defoliations were reduced by at least one half. With a further reduction of 2 weeks in the length of the season (T1) seed yields were only about one-third of those obtained in the control (T3). The reductions in seed yield were due to reductions in both the number of mature burrs produced and to a lesser extent in mean weight per seed. Although defoliation increased seed yield in all growing seasons, the effect when measured on a relative scale was greater in T2 than in either T1 or T3. But on an absolute scale the size of the response was greater in T2 and T3 than in T1. The rate of breakdown of hard-seededness was faster in Seaton Park than in Midland B, but it decreased in both strains with increasing length of growing season.

scholarly journals Effects of Genotype, Direct Sowing and Plant Spacing on Field Performance of Jatropha curcas L.

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Zafitsara Tantely Andrianirina ◽  
Matthias Martin ◽  
Euloge Dongmeza ◽  
Elisa Senger
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Direct Sowing

The tropical multiuse tree Jatropha curcas L. (jatropha) is highly promoted as oilseed crop for biodiesel production and for climate change mitigation, but cultivation practices require further research. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of varying plant spacings (2.0 m × 4 m compared to 1.5 m × 4 m), crop establishment methods (raising plantlets in a nursery prior to planting to the field compared to direct sowing) and genotypes on seed yield, seed quality and plant height, recorded at a dry-subhumid location in Madagascar (Ihosy) and at a humid location in Cameroon (Batchenga). Averaged across treatment variants and genotypes, seed yield and seed oil content were higher at the dry-subhumid site and in particular the narrower spacing reached higher seed yields per unit area than the wider spacing. At the humid site, plant growth was characterized by strong accumulation of biomass. The establishment method tested at the dry-subhumid site showed no significant differences in the recorded parameters. Our results encourage to re-think common practices in jatropha cultivation and underpin the importance of the correct choice of location, genotype and agronomic practices considering the interactions between all factors.

The nitrogen and non-nitrogen rotation benefits of pea to succeeding crops

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Stevenson ◽  
C. van Kessel
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Cereal Crop ◽  
Oilseed Crops ◽  
A Value ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Consistent Response

The inclusion of a pulse crop in a rotation often leads to greater seed yields in the succeeding cereal crop. Two rotations were established at three sites in 1993 to examine the N and non-N rotation benefits of pea (Pisum sativum L.) to the subsequent wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) then oilseed crops. Wheat seed yield was 43% greater (rotation benefit) when preceded by pea rather than wheat, a consistent response among sites. Six to fourteen kg ha−1 of the extra 27 kg ha−1 of N accumulated by wheat in the pea–wheat rotation was derived from the additional N derived from pea residue. The additional soil N availability in the pea–wheat rotation, as indicated by the A-value, explained 8% of the rotation effect on seed yield (N benefit). The remaining 92% of the yield advantage in the pea–wheat rotation was attributed to non-N rotation benefit. The yield of the oilseed crop following the pea–wheat phase of the rotation did not differ from that following the wheat–wheat phase. The influence of growing conditions and cropping history on the magnitude of the N to non-N rotation benefits, and the contribution of different non-N effects, should be investigated further. Key words: Rotation benefit, pea, wheat, residue N, non-N benefit

Growth, development and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in the lowland tropics:2. Effect of reduced assimilatory capacity

1982 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Filling Stage ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Seed Yields

SUMMARYIn two field trials in 1980, 33, 67 or 100% of the leaves on pigeon pea (cv. Cita-1) plants were removed either at the vegetative stage, the onset of flowering, or at the rapid pod-filling stage, in order to evaluate the effect of reduced assimilatory capacity on the growth and yield characteristics of the crop.Reduction in the assimilatory capacity of the plant led to significant reduction in the vegetative growth, dry-matter accumulation and seed yield of the defoliated plants compared with the undefoliated control such that 33, 67 or 100% defoliation led to 15–55, 40–60 and 75–80% reduction in seed yield respectively, at both trials. Also, defoliation was more damaging to crop performance if carried out from the onset of flowering than at the vegetative stage. Thus, the seed yields of plants defoliated at the onset of flowering and the rapid pod-filling stage were 30–80 and 40–45 % lower than the yield from plants defoliated at the vegetative stage in both trials.

Growth and yield of indeterminate soybeans. 1. Effect of defoliation

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 889
Author(s):  
LW Banks ◽  
AL Bernardi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Over The Top

Indeterminate soybeans (Glycine max, varieties Chaffey and Farrer) were subjected to defoliation treatments in the field over 3 years to determine their ability to recover from leaf damage from foliage feeding pests. Defoliation treatments were imposed in years 1 and 2 by clipping all leaflets in half mechanically (50%) or by removing all leaves leaving the petioles on the plant (1 00%) to simulate 2 severe levels of sudden defoliation. The variety Chaffey was defoliated early in vegetative growth (V2), at the beginning of flowering (Fl), at full flowering (F100) or at the end of flowering (EF100) as single treatments in years 1 and 2. In year 3, only the top 4 leaves of each plant were clipped in half to simulate levels of defoliation experienced in commercial crops. In that year the variety Farrer was treated at stages V3 (early vegetative), F1 or F100 as single treatments or at V3 + F1, F1 + F100 or weekly from V3 to EF100 as repeated treatments. Severe defoliation (100%) at EF100 hastened maturity (95% of pods dry) by 24 days (year 1) and 22 days (year 2), which reduced seed size by 34 and 41%, seed number by 38 and 32% and seed yield by 58 and 60%, respectively. Seed yield was also reduced by a single 100% defoliation at F1 due to reductions in seed number rather than to seed size. The repeated defoliations in year 3 reduced leaf area index, plant height, seed number and .seed yield. Weekly defoliations reduced yield by 20% by reducing seed size by 8% and seed number by 13%. We conclude that, prior to flowering, 50% defoliation is unlikely to reduce yield, but repeated damage will reduce yield significantly. Also, indeterminate soybeans can withstand an initial 50% loss over the top 4 leaves at F1, but repeated defoliations reduce seed yields.

Comparison of the effects of autumn and spring sowing date on growth and yield of combining peas (Pisum sativutn L.)

1985 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Silim ◽  
P. D. Hebblethwaite ◽  
M. C. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Spring Sowing

SummaryExperiments were conducted between 1978 and 1981 to investigate the effect of autumn and spring sowing on emergence, winter survival, growth and yield of combining peas (varieties ‘Frimas’, ‘Filby’ and ‘Vedette’). Effects of growth regulator PP 333 (Paclobutrazol, ICI pic) application and defoliation on winter survival of Filby were also investigated. Field emergence of autumn-sown Frimas (winter hardy) was less than Vedette or Filby but percentage winter survival was greater. PP 333 application, but not defoliation, increased percentage winter survival of Filby sown in September. Total dry-matter production and photosynthetic area of autumn- compared with spring-sown crops varied considerably between seasons. Yield data indicated that autumn-sown crops produce similar seed yields to spring sowings when winter survival is adequate. November sowings matured 2–4 weeks before March-sown crops, depending on variety and season. Optimum sowing dates were mid-November and early March. Large seed-yield reductions occurred when sowing was delayed until mid-April.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulphur on Growth and Yield of Cress (Lepidium sativum L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Chavda ◽  
R. A. Patel ◽  
Priya Patel ◽  
B. V. Hirpara
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Aromatic Plant ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L

ABSTRACT: An experiment was conducted during rabiseason of the year 2014-15 at Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research Centre, AnandAgricultural University, Anand (Gujarat) to study the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur on cress (LepidiumSativum L.). Nitrogen significantly increase seed yields up to the level of 100 kg N/ha. Similarly, application of 80 kg P2O5/ha and 20 kg S/ha significantly improved growth and yield attributes and seed and stover yields. Interaction effect of N and S significantly increased number of siliquae/plant and seed yield.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document